THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a land where ancient traditions and cutting-edge modernity collide. The country’s vast desert landscapes, including the Rub’ al Khali (Empty Quarter), are dotted with magnificent sand dunes and rich history. From the trading routes of old, where camel caravans journeyed across the Arabian Peninsula, to the rapid development that has transformed the UAE into a global hub for business and tourism, the country tells a tale of vision and progress. It’s a land of skyscrapers and souks, blending old-world charm with futuristic architecture.
Though small in size, the UAE holds immense cultural and historical significance. Each emirate, from Dubai to Abu Dhabi, has its unique flavor, yet all share a rich Islamic heritage. The UAE’s geography varies dramatically, from towering sand dunes to the striking coastline along the Arabian Gulf. The stark contrast between the vast, barren deserts and the luxurious cityscapes highlights the dynamic transformation the country has undergone. Today, it’s a nation that embraces innovation while respecting its heritage, making it a must-visit destination for travelers seeking both adventure and cultural depth.
Why Visit the UAE?
Iconic Skyscrapers: Explore the world’s tallest building, the Burj Khalifa, and the architectural wonders of Dubai and Abu Dhabi.
Luxury Shopping: Shop in world-class malls like The Dubai Mall and Mall of the Emirates, offering high-end brands and entertainment.
Cultural Heritage: Discover the history of the UAE in museums like the Louvre Abu Dhabi and Al Ain’s Heritage Museum.
Beaches & Resorts: Relax on pristine beaches and enjoy luxurious resorts along the Arabian Gulf.
Desert Adventures: Experience desert safaris, camel rides, and dune bashing in the vast sands of the Empty Quarter.
Modern Innovation: Witness the cutting-edge technology and visionary projects in cities like Dubai, including the Dubai Marina and the Palm Jumeirah.
Smart Travel: Off-Season Deals & Delights
Key Advantages:
- Lowest Prices: Flights and accommodation rates are at their absolute lowest. Hotels offer significant discounts, and even luxury resorts become more accessible.
- Fewer Crowds: Major attractions, malls, and theme parks are significantly less crowded, offering a more relaxed and intimate experience.
- Authentic Local Vibe: Experience the UAE with more opportunities to interact with residents, as many tourists avoid the summer heat.
- Indoor Activities Galore: The UAE excels at indoor entertainment, from world-class malls and aquariums to indoor theme parks and art galleries, ensuring there’s always something to do regardless of the heat.
- Best Deals on Experiences: Many tours and activities offer summer promotions and discounts to attract visitors.
Main Drawbacks:
- Extreme Heat: Summer temperatures are very high, often exceeding 40°C (104°F), making extended outdoor activities uncomfortable or even impossible during midday.
- High Humidity: The coastal areas experience high humidity, which can make the heat feel even more oppressive.
- Limited Outdoor Exploration: Exploring deserts, beaches, or walking around historical districts for long periods is challenging due to the heat.
- Ramadan Considerations (variable dates): If summer coincides with Ramadan, some restaurant hours may be altered, and certain activities might be more subdued during fasting hours.
Key Regions:
- Dubai: Despite the heat, Dubai is a summer paradise with its abundance of air-conditioned malls (like The Dubai Mall, Mall of the Emirates), indoor theme parks (IMG Worlds of Adventure, Motiongate), museums, and world-class restaurants. Enjoy discounted stays at luxury hotels and shorter queues at attractions.
- Abu Dhabi: Similar to Dubai, Abu Dhabi offers excellent indoor options like Yas Island’s theme parks (Ferrari World, Warner Bros. World), the Louvre Abu Dhabi, and numerous shopping malls. Explore the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque in the early morning or late afternoon for a less crowded experience.
- Sharjah: Known for its cultural attractions, Sharjah offers many air-conditioned museums, art galleries, and the Al Qasba entertainment complex, all enjoyable during the summer with fewer visitors.
- Fujairah: While still hot, Fujairah on the East Coast offers slightly milder temperatures due to its mountainous terrain and access to the Gulf of Oman, making it a viable option for those seeking a less intense summer experience, perhaps with early morning or late afternoon beach visits.
Key Advantages:
- Ideal Weather: Pleasant temperatures for sightseeing and outdoor activities, without the extreme heat of summer or the peak season crowds.
- Manageable Crowds: Tourist numbers are lower than in peak winter, but attractions are fully open and vibrant.
- Reasonable Prices: Flights and accommodation are more affordable than in winter, though slightly higher than deep summer.
- Outdoor Activities Accessible: Comfortable for exploring beaches, deserts, and outdoor markets.
- Festivals & Events: Many vibrant local festivals and cultural events take place during these periods.
Main Drawbacks:
- Easter/Eid Surges: If your travel dates coincide with Easter (variable in Spring) or Eid holidays (variable in both Spring and Autumn), expect higher prices and increased crowds for those specific periods.
- Warming Up (Spring) / Cooling Down (Autumn): Late spring (May) can start to get quite hot, and early autumn (September) can still be very warm, especially at midday.
- Dust Storms: Occasionally, dust storms can occur, especially in the spring and early autumn, which might affect outdoor visibility.
Key Regions:
- Dubai & Abu Dhabi: Excellent for exploring outdoor attractions like the Dubai Fountain, Burj Khalifa at the top, or the Corniche in Abu Dhabi in comfortable weather. Desert safaris are also much more enjoyable.
- Ras Al Khaimah: Offers a good mix of outdoor activities, including hiking in the Hajar Mountains, exploring Jebel Jais, and enjoying the beaches, all without the peak season crowds.
- Al Ain: Known as the “Garden City,” Al Ain is beautiful in the shoulder seasons, with pleasant temperatures for visiting the Al Ain Oasis, Jebel Hafeet, and the Al Ain Zoo.
- Coastal Areas (Fujairah, Umm Al Quwain): Ideal for beach activities, water sports, and relaxing by the sea in comfortable temperatures before the summer heat or after the winter rush.
Winter (November – February, excluding holidays): This is the UAE’s absolute peak tourist season. Prices for flights and accommodation are at their highest, and popular attractions, malls, and beaches will be very crowded. While the weather is ideal for outdoor activities, the value for money is significantly lower, and planning well in advance is crucial.
Major Holiday Periods (Christmas, New Year’s Eve, Chinese New Year, specific Eid holidays): These periods see an extreme surge in prices and crowds across all popular destinations in the UAE. If you plan to travel during these times, expect to pay a premium and book far in advance. Special events and celebrations during these times also contribute to the increased demand.
Ready To Experience Your Perfect Gateaway?
Essential Trip Information
Visa and Entry Requirements
Many nationalities receive a free 30- or 90-day visa on arrival. Check the official UAE government portal for eligibility.
Passports must be valid for at least six months.
Some travelers may need pre-arranged visas (e.g., Indian citizens). Apply via ICA Smart Services.
Overstaying incurs heavy fines (US$27/day after grace period).
Currency
Currency: UAE Dirham (AED). Exchange rate: 1 USD = 3.67 AED (approx.).
- Best Ways to Handle Currency:
Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount of AED at your local exchange bureau for convenience.
During Your Trip: Use ATMs for better rates (major banks like Emirates NBD, ADCB). Credit/debit cards (Visa, Mastercard) are widely accepted. Carry AED 100–200 for smaller purchases.
What to Avoid: Currency exchange kiosks at airports and tourist spots (they offer less favorable rates).
Language
Official Language: Arabic. English is widely spoken, especially in urban areas.
Helpful Phrases: “Marhaban” (Hello), “Shukran” (Thank you), “Kam Al-Thaman?” (How much does this cost?).
Safety & Security
Generally safe, but take precautions in crowded tourist areas to avoid pickpockets.
Emergency number: 999.
Women travelers should dress modestly, particularly in more traditional areas, to respect local customs.
Public behavior should be respectful; avoid public displays of affection.
Health & Insurance
Vaccinations: No special vaccinations required, but it’s recommended to check with your doctor.
Travel Insurance: Recommended for coverage of any medical expenses (healthcare can be expensive).
Tap water in the UAE is generally safe to drink, but bottled water is more commonly consumed.
Transportation
Metro: Efficient, modern, and clean; available in Dubai and soon to expand in Abu Dhabi.
Taxis: Readily available, though rides can be expensive during peak times.
Car rentals: Popular, but traffic can be heavy in urban areas.
Public Buses: Good for inter-city travel; fares are cheap.
Price Level
Dubai and Abu Dhabi tend to be more expensive than other emirates, with luxury experiences available at a premium.
- Accommodation:
Budget: Hostels and budget hotels (US$40–80/night).
Mid-range: 3-star hotels (US$100–200/night).
Luxury: 4-5 star hotels (US$250+/night).
- Food:
Quick eats: Street food (US$5–15), casual restaurants (US$10–25).
Fine dining: US$40+/person.
- Drinks:
Soft drinks: US$2–4.
Beer: US$7–12 (in licensed bars or hotels).
Cocktails: US$15–25.
- Transportation:
Metro/bus: US$1–2/ride (Dubai metro) or use a Nol card.
Taxis/Uber: US$10–30 for short trips.
Car rentals: US$30–60/day.
Money-Saving Tips
Visit Al Fahidi Historical District in Dubai (free entry).
Enjoy the beaches in Dubai and Abu Dhabi (free).
Use public transportation (metro, buses) for an economical travel experience.
Dine at local eateries in areas like Deira or Karama for authentic and affordable meals.
Explore the UAE
Planning Your Trip
Best Time To Visit
The UAE has a desert climate with extremely hot summers and mild winters, making the timing crucial for comfort and enjoyment.
Winter (November–March):
- Best time to visit, with pleasant temperatures (68–79°F / 20–26°C).
- Ideal for outdoor activities and sightseeing.
Summer (June–September):
- Avoid – Extremely hot (95–113°F / 35–45°C), with humidity soaring, especially along the coast.
- Not recommended for outdoor activities.
Spring (April–May):
- Warm, but bearable (79–95°F / 26–35°C).
- Great for visiting beaches and desert tours before the heat intensifies.
Autumn (October):
Mild temperatures start (79–90°F / 26–32°C). Good for sightseeing and cultural events.
Bold Recommendation: Visit between November and March for the most comfortable weather for outdoor activities and sightseeing.
Local Customs And Etiquette
Dress Code: Conservative dress is expected in public places. Swimwear is acceptable at beaches and pools but should not be worn in public areas.
Tipping: 10–15% at restaurants. US$1–2 per bag for hotel staff.
Public Behavior: Public displays of affection are discouraged. Avoid loud or disruptive behavior.
Ramadan: During the holy month of Ramadan, refrain from eating, drinking, or smoking in public during daylight hours. Most restaurants will be closed during the day, but some will offer private dining for non-Muslims.
Respect: Show respect for Islamic traditions and customs, especially when visiting mosques and religious sites.
Budgeting For Your Trip
Accommodation: Budget hotels (US$50–100), mid-range hotels (US$100–200), luxury hotels (US$300+).
Food: Street food (US$5–10), casual restaurants (US$10–30), fine dining (US$50+).
Transport: Metro (US$1–3/day), taxis (US$5–20 depending on distance), car rentals (US$30–50/day).
Activities: Most beaches and parks are free. Paid attractions like the Burj Khalifa (US$40), Ferrari World (US$75), desert safaris (US$60–150).
Daily Budget:
Budget: US$80–120 (hostels, street food, metro).
Mid-range: US$150–300 (hotels, sit-down meals, attractions).
Luxury: US$400+ (luxury hotels, fine dining, private tours).
Internet & Mobile
Free Wi-Fi: Available in most hotels, cafes, and malls. Public places also offer free Wi-Fi.
SIM Cards: Available at the airport and retail stores. Prepaid plans range from US$20–50 for 10–20GB.
eSIMs: Available for international travelers from providers like Airalo.
Travel Insurance
Recommended for: Medical coverage, trip cancellation, and delays (especially in peak season).
U.S. Healthcare: Private healthcare in the UAE is expensive, so make sure your travel insurance covers emergencies.
Adventure Activities: Ensure your insurance covers adventure activities such as desert safaris or water sports (e.g., jet skiing, dune bashing).
Accomodation Options
The UAE offers a range of accommodations, from ultra-luxury resorts to budget hotels, catering to all types of travelers.
- Luxury:
Hotels: Burj Al Arab (Dubai), Atlantis The Palm (Dubai), Qasr Al Sarab Desert Resort (Abu Dhabi).
Desert Resorts: Al Maha Desert Resort (Dubai) – for an unforgettable desert experience.
- Mid-range:
Hotels: Jumeirah Beach Hotel (Dubai), Yas Hotel (Abu Dhabi).
Boutique Hotels: Hotel Indigo (Dubai), Vida Downtown (Dubai).
- Budget:
Hotels: Ibis Dubai, Premier Inn Dubai International Airport. Prices: US$50–100/night.
Hostels: Dubai Backpackers, The Greenhouse Hostel (Abu Dhabi). Prices: US$25–50/night.
- Unique Stays:
Desert Safari Camps: Experience camping under the stars in the desert. Prices: US$100–200 for a night in luxury tents.
Tip: Book accommodation well in advance, especially during the high season (November–March).
Getting Around
The UAE is well-connected, with options ranging from taxis to metro systems in major cities like Dubai and Abu Dhabi.
Taxis: Readily available. Fares range from US$5–15 for short distances. Use ride-hailing apps like Uber and Careem for convenience.
Metro (Dubai): US$1–3 per trip. Efficient, air-conditioned, and connects major tourist spots (Burj Khalifa, Dubai Mall).
Buses: Cheap, but can be slower. US$0.50–1 per ride.
Car Rentals: US$30–50/day. Driving in the UAE is easy with well-maintained roads, but be cautious about speeding and parking fees.
Private Chauffeurs: Available for higher-end travel. Costs vary (~US$100–200/day depending on the car).
Domestic Flights: Useful for visiting other Emirates. Flights can be as low as US$50, but most travel is done via car or taxi.
Bold Recommendation: Use the metro for getting around Dubai, but consider renting a car for trips to other Emirates and desert excursions.
Handy Tips
The UAE uses the UAE Dirham (AED). Banknotes come in AED 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, and AED 1000 denominations; coins include 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 fils.
Exchanging Currency: Avoid exchanging money at hotels or airports (high rates). Use ATMs or exchange offices for better rates.
Using Cards: Credit/debit cards (Visa, Mastercard, Amex) are widely accepted, but carry small bills for tips or small purchases.
Tipping Etiquette: Tipping is appreciated but not mandatory (10–15% is standard).
Restaurants/Bars: 10–15% of the bill (check if gratuity is already included).
Taxis/Rideshares: Round up or 5–10% of the fare.
Hotel Staff: AED 5–10 per bag for porters; AED 5–10 per day for housekeeping.
Tour Guides: AED 20–50 per person for group tours.
Arabic is the official language, but English is widely spoken, especially in urban areas. Helpful phrases:
“Where is the nearest metro station?”
“How much is this?”
“Can I have the bill, please?” Pro Tip: While many people speak English, a few basic Arabic phrases (e.g., “Shukran” for “thank you”) are appreciated.
The UAE is generally very safe, with a low crime rate. However, always be cautious in crowded areas.
- Emergency Contacts:
999: All emergencies (police, medical, fire).
112: General emergency number across Europe, can be used in UAE as well.
Your Embassy: Many embassies are located in Abu Dhabi and Dubai (keep details handy).
Public Health: Emergency medical services can be contacted by calling 998.
The UAE uses 230V/50Hz with Type G plugs (three rectangular prongs). International visitors will need an adapter; converters are rarely necessary for modern electronics.
Tap water is safe to drink in most places as it is desalinated. Restaurants may provide bottled water, but you can always ask for tap water. Stay hydrated in the heat—especially during the summer months.
Federal offices, museums, and some businesses close on:
1 Jan: New Year’s Day
1 May: Labour Day
National Day: 2 Dec
Eid Al-Fitr and Eid Al-Adha: Dates vary based on the Islamic lunar calendar
Islamic New Year: Date varies
Christmas: 25 Dec (commercial areas may remain open)
Note: Ramadan is an important holiday; many restaurants are closed during the day, but they open for Iftar after sunset.
Stores: Typically 10:00–22:00 (malls stay open later, some close earlier on Fridays).
Pharmacies: Usually open 24/7.
Markets: Traditional souks and markets operate during the day, closing in the afternoon, but open again in the evening.
Duty-Free: Available at airports with competitive prices.
Shawarma: Juicy meat wrapped in flatbread—ubiquitous street food.
Machboos: Fragrant rice dish with lamb or chicken, seasoned with saffron and dried lemon.
Luqaimat (Savory Version): Dumplings sometimes served with cheese or herbs.
Harees: Wheat and meat slow-cooked into a hearty porridge—served during Ramadan.
Stuffed Camel: A rare, extravagant dish typically reserved for weddings.
Balaleet: Sweet-salty noodle dish with eggs and cardamom—often eaten for breakfast.
Samboosa: Spiced triangular pastries, stuffed with lentils, meat, or vegetables.
Khubz: Traditional Arabic flatbread served warm with dips like hummus or muhammara.
Luqaimat (Sweet Version): Fried dough balls drizzled with date syrup or honey.
Chebab: Emirati pancakes with date syrup and cream cheese.
Khanfaroosh: Deep-fried saffron-and-cardamom cake—served during holidays.
Alcoholic:
Château Musar: Lebanese wine often featured at high-end UAE restaurants.
LVMH Sparkling Wines: Imported selections available in hotel bars.
Peroni: Italian beer popular in Dubai’s rooftop lounges.
Heineken: Widely available in licensed venues.
Asahi: Crisp Japanese lager often served with sushi.
Non-Alcoholic:
Karak Chai: Spiced milk tea that’s a national obsession—available at roadside stalls and cafes.
Qahwa: Traditional Arabic coffee brewed with cardamom and served with dates.
Jellab: Sweet drink made from grape molasses and rose water, topped with pine nuts.
Laban: Cooling yogurt-based drink, slightly salty and great with spicy meals.
Mint Lemonade: Refreshing drink often made fresh to order at cafes.
Tamar Hindi: Tamarind juice popular during Ramadan.
Saffron Milk: Warm drink infused with saffron and rose water—great for chilly desert nights.
Fresh Coconut Water: Served directly from the coconut on beaches.
Camel Milk Smoothie: A local specialty, flavored with dates or mango.
Date Shake: Thick, rich drink made with fresh or dried dates.
Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque: Abu Dhabi’s iconic white marble marvel.
Qasr Al Hosn: Oldest stone building in Abu Dhabi.
Al Ain Oasis: UNESCO-listed palm groves.
Dubai Museum: Fort Al Fahidi’s history exhibits.
Jumeirah Mosque: Stunning photo op (open to non-Muslims).
Heritage Villages: Recreated Bedouin life (e.g., Heritage Village Dubai).
Pearl Diving: Demo at Sharjah Maritime Museum.
Call to Prayer: Experience at Grand Mosque at sunset.
Camel Racing: Watch at Al Wathba (Abu Dhabi).
Women’s Handicrafts: House of Artisans (Abu Dhabi).
Burj Khalifa: Sunset at At the Top (book ahead).
Desert Safari: Dune bashing + Bedouin camp (e.g., Platinum Heritage).
Louvre Abu Dhabi: Stunning architecture + art.
Dubai Fountain Show: Nightly spectacle.
Yas Island: Ferrari World + Yas Waterworld.
Dhow Cruise: Dinner along Dubai Creek.
Ski Dubai: Indoor skiing in Mall of the Emirates.
Al Fahidi Historic District: Wind towers + art galleries.
La Perle: Acrobatic show by Franco Dragone.
Hatta Mountain Safari: Hiking & kayaking.
Soho Garden: Mega-complex of bars, DJs, and weekend brunches in Dubai.
Iris Dubai: Chic rooftop with sunset views and crafted cocktails.
Barasti Beach Bar: Iconic beachside nightlife in Dubai Marina.
Coya Abu Dhabi: Latin American flair with pisco sours and vibrant vibes.
White Dubai: Open-air superclub with views of Meydan Racecourse.
Vault: Cocktail bar on the 71st floor of JW Marriott Marquis with skyline views.
Level 43 Sky Lounge: Rooftop bar offering 360º views of Sheikh Zayed Road.
McGettigan’s: Irish pub chain with branches in most emirates—live music and sports.
Buddha-Bar: Glamorous Pan-Asian venue with sushi, cocktails, and a loungey vibe.
Jazz@PizzaExpress: Laid-back dinner + live jazz, often with expat performers.