NEPAL

Nestled in the Himalayas, Nepal is a land of stunning natural beauty and profound spiritual heritage. Home to eight of the world’s ten highest peaks, including Mount Everest, it’s a paradise for adventurers. Its history is a vibrant tapestry of ancient kingdoms and cultural fusions of Hinduism and Buddhism.

Region: South Asia

Capital: Kathmandu

Official Language: Nepali

Level of Travel Safety: Exercise a high degree of caution due to risks of civil unrest and natural disasters. Be aware of health concerns like altitude sickness and mosquito-borne diseases, especially if trekking.

A map of Asia with Nepal highlighted in green.

Why Visit Nepal?

Himalayan Majesty: Trek iconic trails like Everest Base Camp or Annapurna Circuit for world-class views.

Spiritual Heritage: Discover centuries-old Buddhist stupas, Hindu temples, and serene monasteries.

Wildlife Encounters: Spot Bengal tigers, rhinos, and elephants in Chitwan National Park.

A traditional Buddhist temple with multi-tiered roofs, built into a mountainside, overlooking a vast landscape.

Living Culture: Witness ancient rituals in Bhaktapur, join festivals like Holi and Tihar, and enjoy Newari cuisine.

Adventure Playground: Go white-water rafting, paragliding in Pokhara, or mountain biking in Mustang.

Budget-Friendly Bliss: From affordable teahouses to local street food, Nepal offers high value for travelers.

A traditional white stupa with prayer flags, set against a backdrop of snow-capped mountains under a bright blue sky.

Essential Trip Information

Most travelers require a visa to enter Nepal. Some nationalities can obtain Visa on Arrival at Tribhuvan International Airport (Kathmandu) or land borders.

Tourist visas are available for 15, 30, or 90 days. Costs: US$30 / US$50 / US$125, respectively.

Apply online in advance at the official site: https://www.immigration.gov.np/

Passports must be valid for at least six months beyond your arrival date.

Proof of return/onward travel, accommodation, and sufficient funds may be requested on entry.

Nepal uses the Nepalese Rupee (NPR). US dollars (US$) are accepted for visas and some treks.

Best Ways to Handle Currency

  • Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount for airport expenses. Major currencies (USD, EUR, GBP) are easily converted.
  • During Your Trip: Use ATMs in Kathmandu and Pokhara; carry cash in rural areas. Credit cards accepted only in upscale hotels or shops.
  • What to Avoid: Using high-fee currency exchange counters at airports and remote locations.

Nepali is the official language. English is widely spoken in tourist areas.

Helpful phrases:

  • “Namaste” – Hello
  • “Dhanyabad” – Thank you
  • “Yo kati ho?” – How much is this?

Nepal is generally safe, but exercise caution:

  • Avoid walking alone late at night in unlit areas.

  • Pickpocketing can occur in crowded tourist zones.

  • Solo trekking is discouraged; hire a licensed guide.

  • Emergency number: 100 (police)

Vaccinations recommended: Hepatitis A, Typhoid, Tetanus, and Rabies (if trekking long-term).

Avoid tap water—use bottled or purified water.

Travel insurance is essential, especially for treks.

Kathmandu has several international clinics (CIWEC, Norvic Hospital).

Domestic flights: Scenic and time-saving, but subject to weather delays.

Buses: Cheap but slow; tourist buses available for key routes (e.g., Pokhara, Chitwan).

Taxis: No meters—negotiate fare in advance.

Rickshaws and scooter rentals available in urban areas.

Walking: Ideal in old cities (Kathmandu, Bhaktapur).

Nepal is generally budget-friendly, though trekking permits and gear can raise costs.

Accommodation

  • Budget: Guesthouses, teahouses (US$10–25/night)

  • Mid-range: Boutique hotels (US$30–60/night)

  • Luxury: Heritage hotels, resorts (US$100+/night)

Food

  • Street food/local eateries: US$1–3/meal

  • Mid-range restaurants: US$5–15/person

  • Tourist/fine dining: US$20–50/person

Drinks

  • Local beer: US$2–4

  • Imported drinks/cocktails: US$5–10

Transportation

  • Taxis (short rides in cities): US$2–5

  • Intercity buses: US$5–15

  • Domestic flights (e.g., Kathmandu–Pokhara): US$90–150

  • Rickshaws: US$1–3 (negotiate)

Money-Saving Tips

  • Dine where locals eat—thalis (rice with sides) are cheap and filling.

  • Avoid overpriced trek gear—rent in Thamel instead.

  • Use public buses or microvans when possible.

Explore Nepal

The vibrant capital city and its surrounding ancient towns, including Kathmandu, Patan, and Bhaktapur. Located in central Nepal, it’s a treasure trove of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, showcasing rich Newari culture, intricate temples, and bustling markets.

Home to the world’s highest peak, Mount Everest. Situated in northeastern Nepal, this region is a mecca for trekkers and mountaineers, offering breathtaking landscapes, Sherpa villages like Namche Bazaar, and iconic viewpoints like Kala Patthar.

A diverse trekking paradise with stunning mountain vistas, rhododendron forests, and traditional villages. Located in central Nepal, popular trails include the Annapurna Circuit and the Annapurna Base Camp trek, known for their varied scenery and cultural immersion.

Often called the “Lake City,” it’s a tranquil hub renowned for its serene Phewa Lake and stunning views of the Annapurna range. Found in central Nepal, west of Kathmandu, it’s a base for adventure sports like paragliding, zip-lining, and boating.

A UNESCO World Heritage Site famous for its abundant wildlife, including one-horned rhinoceroses, Bengal tigers, and various bird species. Located in the Terai lowlands of southern Nepal, it offers jungle safaris, canoe trips, and Tharu cultural experiences.

The sacred birthplace of Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha. Situated in the Terai plains of southwestern Nepal, it’s a pilgrimage site with ancient ruins, monasteries built by various Buddhist nations, and the serene Maya Devi Temple.

An ancient Newari city in the Kathmandu Valley, famed for its incredibly well-preserved medieval art and architecture. Its Durbar Square, Nyatapola Temple, and Pottery Square offer a glimpse into Nepal’s rich historical and artistic heritage.

Another historic city within the Kathmandu Valley, renowned for its exquisite traditional crafts, particularly metalwork and wood carvings. Its Durbar Square is a marvel of Newari architecture, featuring the Krishna Mandir and Patan Museum.

A popular hill station offering panoramic views of the Himalayas, including Mount Everest, on clear days. Located just east of Kathmandu, it’s ideal for sunrise and sunset views, short hikes, and escaping the city bustle.

The ancestral home of the Shah dynasty and the starting point of Nepal’s unification. Situated in central Nepal, it features the historic Gorkha Palace perched on a hilltop, offering insights into Nepali history and commanding views of the surrounding valleys and mountains.

Smart Travel

Key Advantages:

  • Lowest Prices
  • Fewer Crowds
  • Lush Green Landscapes
  • Authentic Local Vibe
  • Good for Photography (rainy scenes)

Main Drawbacks:

  • Heavy Rainfall
  • High Humidity
  • Slippery Trekking Trails
  • Limited Mountain Views
  • Risk of Landslides/Flight Delays

Key Regions:

  • Upper Mustang & Dolpo: Rain-shadow areas with minimal rainfall, ideal for trekking.
  • Kathmandu Valley: Explore cultural sites, museums, and local life.
  • Chitwan National Park: Excellent for wildlife spotting as animals gather near water sources.

Key Advantages:

  • Ideal Weather for Trekking
  • Clear Mountain Views
  • Manageable Crowds
  • Reasonable Prices
  • Festivals & Events (e.g., Dashain, Tihar in Autumn)

Main Drawbacks:

  • Spring Mud Season (early March)
  • Some Crowds, especially for popular treks
  • Prices slightly higher than low season

Key Regions:

  • Everest Region: Perfect for Everest Base Camp trek and panoramic views.
  • Annapurna Region: Offers diverse trekking options with stunning landscapes.
  • Langtang Valley: Beautiful scenery and rich Tamang culture.
  • Pokhara: Adventure activities like paragliding, boating, and clear lake views.
  • Kathmandu Valley: Enjoy pleasant weather for sightseeing and cultural exploration.
  • October-November (due to ideal weather and major festivals)
  • March-April (prime trekking season)

Planning Your Trip

Greetings: A respectful “Namaste” with palms pressed together is the norm.

Shoes Off: Remove footwear before entering homes, temples, and some guesthouses.

Dress Modestly: Shoulders and knees should be covered in rural areas and religious sites.

Tipping: 10–15% in restaurants; US$1–2 for porters or hotel staff.

Photography: Always ask permission before photographing people or ceremonies.

Left Hand: Avoid giving or receiving items with your left hand—considered impolite.

Nepal is incredibly affordable compared to most destinations.

Accommodation: Hostels/Guesthouses (US$10–25), mid-range hotels (US$30–80), luxury (US$150+).

Food: Street food or local thali sets (US$2–5), casual restaurants (US$8–15), fine dining (US$30–50).

Transport: Tourist buses (US$6–20), flights (US$50–150), taxis (US$5–10 in cities).

Activities: Trek permits (US$20–50), paragliding in Pokhara (US$75–100), jungle safaris (US$100–150).

Daily Budget:

  • Budget: US$30–50 (guesthouses, local food, buses).

  • Mid-range: US$70–150 (nicer hotels, flights, activities).

  • Luxury: US$250+ (high-end stays, private tours, flights).

Wi-Fi: Available in hotels, cafes, and most tea houses (can be slow in rural areas).

SIM Cards: Ncell and NTC offer prepaid SIMs (US$5–10 for 10–20GB).

eSIMs: Supported in major areas via services like Airalo.

Tip: Bring a portable charger and backup SIM for trekking.

Highly recommended due to the rugged terrain and potential flight delays.

Covers medical emergencies, trip cancellations, and helicopter evacuations for trekkers.

Ensure your policy includes altitude trekking and adventure sports (e.g., rafting, paragliding).

Healthcare is basic outside Kathmandu—insurance ensures access to private hospitals or evacuation if needed.

From budget hostels to luxury lodges, Nepal caters to all travelers.

Hotels:

  • Luxury: Dwarika’s (Kathmandu), Tiger Mountain Pokhara Lodge (US$150–300+).
  • Mid-range: Hotel Yak & Yeti (Kathmandu), Pokhara’s lakeside hotels (US$40–100).
  • Budget: Zostel (Kathmandu/Pokhara), family-run guesthouses (US$10–30).

Teahouses (Trekking):

  • Basic but cozy (US$5–15/night); meals included in remote areas.

Airbnb/Homestays:

  • Cultural immersion in Bhaktapur or Bandipur (US$20–50).

Tip: In Kathmandu, stay in Thamel for convenience; in Pokhara, lakeside for views.

Nepal’s terrain makes travel adventurous but requires planning.

Domestic Flights:

  • Essential for reaching Lukla (Everest) or Jomsom (Mustang)—book early (US$100–200 one-way).
  • Delays common in monsoon/winter—pack patience and buffer days.

Buses:

  • Local buses (U$S5–20) are cheap but crowded; 15–30) more comfortable (Kathmandu→Pokhara/Chitwan).
  • Night buses risky due to poor roads—opt for daytime travel.

Private Vehicles:

  • Hire a car/driver (US$50–100/day) for flexibility, especially for long trips.
  • Taxis in cities (US$2–10 for short rides); negotiate fares upfront.

Trekking Transport:

  • Teahouse treks require no camping gear—just pack light and carry cash (remote areas lack ATMs).
  • Guides/porters recommended for safety (US$25–40/day).

Rideshares/Motorbikes:

  • Scooters in Pokhara (US$10–15/day) for lakeside exploration.
  • Avoid self-driving in cities—chaotic traffic.

Handy Tips

Nepal’s currency is the Nepalese Rupee (NPR). Bills come in denominations of NPR 1, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, and 1000; coins include 1, 5, and 10 rupees.

  • Exchanging Currency: Exchange your foreign currency at banks or official exchange counters for the best rates. Avoid exchanging money on the streets.

  • Using Cards: Credit and debit cards (Visa, Mastercard) are accepted in major cities and tourist areas but not everywhere. Carry small denominations of cash for small purchases, tips, and transportation.

  • Tipping Etiquette: Tipping is appreciated but not mandatory.

    • Restaurants/Bars: 10% of the bill (if service charge is not included).

    • Taxis/Rideshares: Round up or 10% of fare.

    • Hotel Staff: NPR 50–100 per bag for porters; NPR 100–200 per day for housekeeping.

    • Tour Guides: NPR 500–1000 per day for group tours.

The official language is Nepali, but English is widely understood, especially in tourist areas.

  • Helpful phrases:

    • “Where is the nearest bus station?”

    • “How much is this?”

    • “Can I get the bill, please?”

    • “Namaste” (Hello) and “Dhanyabad” (Thank you) are common greetings.

Pro Tip: Nepali people are friendly and appreciative of any effort to speak their language, even if just a few words.

Nepal is generally safe for tourists, but be cautious in crowded areas, especially around religious sites or markets. Be careful with your belongings.

  • Emergency Contacts:

    • 100: Police

    • 102: Ambulance

    • 103: Fire Department

    • Your Embassy: The embassies in Kathmandu provide help for tourists in need.

Nepal uses 230V/50Hz with Type C, D, and M plugs (two round pins or three round pins). Visitors from countries with different plugs should bring an adapter.

Tap water in Nepal is not safe to drink. Always drink bottled or purified water.

  • Tip: Many restaurants will offer bottled water. Be sure to check that the seal is intact before purchasing.

Major festivals (dates vary yearly) can disrupt travel:

  • Dashain (Sep/Oct): Nationwide closures; book transport early.

  • Tihar (Oct/Nov): “Festival of Lights”—expect fireworks.

  • Holi (Mar): Color-throwing chaos—wear old clothes!

  • Nepali New Year (Mid-Apr): Parades in Kathmandu.

Stores: Most shops open from 10:00 AM to 7:00 PM. In tourist areas, shops may stay open later.

Pharmacies: Open from 10:00 AM to 6:00 PM; 24/7 pharmacies are rare.

Local Markets: Open every day, but hours may vary. The Thamel area in Kathmandu is the main tourist shopping hub.

Bargaining: Expected in markets (start at 50% of quoted price).

Momo: Nepal’s beloved dumplings—stuffed with meat or vegetables, steamed or fried.

Dal Bhat: Traditional set meal of lentil soup, rice, curried vegetables, and pickles.

Sel Roti: Ring-shaped rice doughnut—crispy outside, soft inside (often eaten for breakfast).

Chatamari: “Nepali Pizza” made from rice flour and topped with minced meat or egg.

Thukpa: Hearty noodle soup from the Himalayas—comforting and spicy.

Newari Set: From the Newar community—includes spicy buffalo meat, beaten rice, and pickles.

Sekuwa: Spiced grilled meat skewers—popular in roadside eateries.

Gundruk: Fermented leafy greens—served as a tangy side or soup.

Yomari: Steamed rice flour dumpling filled with jaggery and sesame paste—Newari specialty.

Khir: Creamy rice pudding with cardamom, saffron, and nuts—served on festivals.

Lassi: Sweet or salty yogurt drink—great with a dash of cardamom or rosewater.

Alcoholic:

  • Chyang: Traditional rice beer—cloudy, slightly sweet, and mildly alcoholic.

  • Raksi: Nepali homemade spirit distilled from rice or millet—strong and fiery.

  • Tongba: Warm millet-based drink from eastern Nepal—sipped through a bamboo straw.

  • Everest Beer: Popular national lager—crisp and easy-drinking.

  • Gorkha Beer: Named after the famed soldiers—malty with a bitter finish.

  • Arna Beer: Local beer brewed in eastern Nepal—slightly sweet and affordable.

Non-Alcoholic:

  • Butter Tea (Suja): Himalayan drink made with tea leaves, yak butter, and salt.

  • Chiyaa (Nepali Tea): Spiced milk tea, similar to Indian chai—ubiquitous and comforting.

  • Fresh Sugarcane Juice: Sold in roadside stalls—sweet, cooling, and hydrating.

  • Lemon Honey Ginger Tea: The go-to drink for trekkers—warm, soothing, and zesty.

  • Dhido with Buttermilk: Traditional buckwheat porridge—served with tangy buttermilk in rural homes.

Pashupatinath Temple – Sacred Hindu site.

Boudhanath Stupa – Tibetan Buddhist hub.

Swayambhunath (“Monkey Temple”) – Sunset views.

Lumbini – Buddha’s birthplace.

Newari Culture – Patan’s woodcarvings/festivals.

Sherpa Villages – Namche Bazaar (Everest region).

Living Goddess (Kumari) – Kathmandu Durbar Square.

Tiji Festival (Upper Mustang) – Masked dances.

Gorkha Museum – History of Gurkha warriors.

Himalayan Panoramas – Nagarkot sunrise.

Trekking – Everest Base Camp or Annapurna Circuit.

Pokhara Lakeside – Boating on Phewa Lake.

Chitwan Safari – Rhino/elephant spotting.

Kathmandu Durbar Square – Ancient temples.

Bhaktapur – UNESCO-listed Newari architecture.

Paragliding (Pokhara) – Stunning Himalayan views.

Rafting – Trishuli or Bhote Koshi rivers.

Meditation – Kopan Monastery (Kathmandu).

Thamel Nightlife – Live music at “Purple Haze.”

Mountain Flights – Scenic Everest views.

Purple Haze Rock Bar (Kathmandu): Iconic live rock venue—great crowd and drinks.

Tom & Jerry’s Pub (Thamel): Pool tables, late hours, expat favorite.

Electric Pagoda: Boho vibes, fusion cocktails, and a chilled-out garden.

House of Music (Pokhara): Funky décor, local bands, open mic nights.

Club Deja Vu (Kathmandu): Flashy nightclub with DJs and big dance floor.

The Old Blues Bar (Pokhara): Dim-lit, laid-back blues pub—great whiskey selection.

Maya Cocktail Bar (Lakeside): Try their Himalayan mojito or ginger martini.

Jazz Upstairs (Lazimpat): Hidden gem with acoustic jazz and candlelit tables.

Rum Doodle (Kathmandu): Legendary climber hangout—look up to see signed Yeti footprints.

Craft Beer at Sherpa Brewery Taproom: Try Himalayan Red or IPA with local snacks.