MEXICO

Welcome to Mexico, a vibrant land where ancient history meets modern charm! From desert landscapes to lush rainforests, Mexico’s diverse geography has shaped its rich culture, from the Mayan ruins to the bustling streets of its capital. Get ready for an unforgettable adventure!

Region: Southern North America, also considered part of Latin America and Mesoamerica.

Capital: Mexico City

Official Language: Spanish is the de facto national language, spoken by over 99% of the population. Mexico also recognizes 68 indigenous languages as national languages with equal validity in their territories.

Level of Travel Safety: Exercise a high degree of caution due to widespread violent crime, including kidnapping and armed robbery. Certain states have higher risk levels, and it’s vital to research specific destinations.

A map of North and South America with Mexico highlighted in green.

Why Visit Mexico?

Ancient Civilizations: Climb pyramids at Teotihuacán, explore Maya temples in Palenque, and walk through Monte Albán’s mountaintop ruins.

Cultural Diversity: Indigenous traditions thrive alongside Spanish colonial legacies in cities like Oaxaca and San Cristóbal de las Casas.

World-Class Cuisine: From tacos al pastor to mole and seafood ceviche, Mexican food is a UNESCO-recognized treasure.

A colorful street with colonial architecture in a Mexican town.

Beaches & Resorts: Lounge on the Caribbean’s white sands in Tulum, surf Pacific waves in Puerto Escondido, or snorkel in Cozumel.

Festivals & Music: From Día de los Muertos to mariachi parades and street carnivals, joy is always on display.

Natural Wonders: Swim in cenotes, hike in Copper Canyon, or watch monarch butterflies migrate through mountain forests.

The ancient Mayan pyramid of Chichen Itza under a partly cloudy sky.

Essential Trip Information

Entry policies vary depending on nationality. Check your country’s requirements via the official Mexican government visa website.

Many nationalities (including U.S., EU, Canada, Japan) do not need a visa for stays up to 180 days for tourism.

Passport must be valid for at least 6 months beyond the date of entry.

Tourist cards (FMM) are required (usually provided on your flight or at the border).

Immigration may ask for return tickets, proof of accommodation, and sufficient funds.

  • Mexican Peso (MXN). Bills: 20–1,000; coins: 1–10.

  • Exchange rate: ~17–20 MXN/US$1 (check before travel).

Best Ways to Handle Currency

  • Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount; ATMs offer better rates.

  • During Your Trip: Use ATMs at bank branches (avoid standalone ATMs). Credit cards (Visa/Mastercard) work in cities, but carry 200–500 MXN cash for markets/taxis.

  • What to Avoid: Airport exchange kiosks (high fees); always pay in pesos to avoid dynamic currency conversion.

Spanish is the official language.

English is widely spoken in tourist areas, less so in rural towns.

Helpful phrases: “¿Dónde está…?” (Where is…?), “Gracias” (Thank you), “Una cerveza, por favor” (One beer, please).

Most tourist areas are safe with basic precautions.

Avoid isolated areas at night and check local advisories for certain states.

Use authorized taxis/Uber rather than hailing on the street in cities.

Emergency number: 911.

No special vaccinations required, but Hepatitis A and Typhoid are recommended for rural travel.

Tap water is not safe to drink—buy bottled or filtered water.

Travel insurance is advised—private healthcare is good but costly.

Pharmacies are widespread and many medicines are available without prescription.

Domestic flights: Affordable for long distances (e.g., Mexico City to Cancún).

ADO and OCC buses: Comfortable, air-conditioned for intercity travel.

Metro systems: Cheap in cities like CDMX and Guadalajara.

Taxis and Uber: Use apps for safety and fair pricing.

Driving: Highways are good but avoid night driving in remote areas.

Mexico offers great value for travelers of all budgets.

Accommodation

  • Budget: Hostels/guesthouses (US$20–50/night)

  • Mid-range: Boutique hotels (US$70–150/night)

  • Luxury: Resorts/5-star hotels (US$200+/night)

Food

  • Street food: Tacos, tortas (US$1–3 each)

  • Casual dining: Sit-down restaurants (US$10–25/person)

  • Upscale dining: Gourmet meals (US$40+/person)

Drinks

  • Beer: US$1–3 (local), US$4–6 (bars)

  • Cocktails: US$6–12

Transportation

  • Metro (CDMX): US$0.30/ride, buses: US$0.40–1

  • Intercity buses: US$10–50, depending on distance and class

  • Taxis/Uber: US$3–10 for short rides

  • Car rentals: US$30–60/day

Money-Saving Tips

  • Eat where locals eat—street food is delicious and safe in busy areas.

  • Use ADO buses for long-distance travel—reliable and comfortable.

  • Visit free museums and city markets—rich cultural experiences at no cost.

Explore Mexico

The vibrant capital, a sprawling metropolis blending ancient Aztec heritage with colonial grandeur and modern art. Explore world-class museums, historic plazas, and diverse neighborhoods. Located in the central highlands of Mexico.

Known for its stunning Caribbean beaches, luxurious resorts, and vibrant nightlife, this region also offers access to incredible Mayan ruins and cenotes. Located on the northeastern Yucatán Peninsula.

A UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, this ancient Mayan city boasts the iconic El Castillo pyramid and other impressive structures. Located in the northern Yucatán Peninsula.

A cultural gem renowned for its rich indigenous traditions, vibrant arts scene, delicious cuisine (especially mole), and lively markets. Nearby are the ancient ruins of Monte Albán. Located in the southern central highlands of Mexico.

A picturesque colonial city, famed for its Baroque Spanish architecture, thriving art scene, and charming cobblestone streets. It’s a UNESCO World Heritage site. Located in the central highlands of Guanajuato state.

A breathtaking coastal town featuring ancient Mayan ruins perched on a cliff overlooking the turquoise Caribbean Sea, offering a unique blend of history and natural beauty. Located on the Caribbean coast of the Yucatán Peninsula.

A lively Pacific coast resort city with beautiful beaches, a charming Old Town, delicious seafood, and a backdrop of lush mountains, perfect for adventure and relaxation. Located on the Pacific coast of Jalisco state.

Home to some of the most impressive Mayan ruins, nestled deep within a lush jungle, showcasing intricate carvings and a mystical atmosphere. Located in the state of Chiapas, southern Mexico.

A luxurious resort destination at the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula, known for its dramatic desert landscapes, stunning beaches, world-class golf, and vibrant nightlife. Located at the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula.

A colorful and historic colonial city, a UNESCO World Heritage site, famous for its narrow, winding alleys, underground tunnels, and charming plazas. Located in the central highlands of Guanajuato state.

Smart Travel

Key Advantages:

  • Lowest Prices (flights, accommodations, activities)
  • Fewer Crowds
  • Authentic Local Vibe
  • Lush Landscapes (due to rainy season)
  • Whale Shark Season (Yucatan Peninsula, May-September)

Main Drawbacks:

  • Hot Temperatures (especially May-June, often exceeding 90°F / 32°C in coastal areas)
  • Rainy Season (May-October, typically afternoon showers but can be heavy)
  • Hurricane Season (Atlantic & Pacific, particularly September-October)
  • Some smaller businesses might have reduced hours

Key Regions:

  • Central Highlands (Mexico City, Oaxaca): Warm with refreshing afternoon rains, cultural festivals.
  • Yucatan Peninsula (Cancun, Riviera Maya): Hot and humid, but great deals and fewer crowds at popular sites.
  • Pacific Coast (Puerto Vallarta, Los Cabos): Hot and humid, but good for budget travelers and whale watching later in the season.
  • Chiapas (San Cristóbal de las Casas): Lush and green, ideal for exploring Mayan ruins amidst vibrant nature.

Key Advantages:

  • Ideal Weather (pleasant temperatures, less humidity)
  • Manageable Crowds
  • Reasonable Prices
  • Festivals & Events (e.g., Monarch Butterfly season begins)
  • Dry and Sunny Conditions

Main Drawbacks:

  • Prices begin to rise towards peak season
  • Some areas still recovering from hurricane season (November)
  • Certain popular attractions can still draw crowds during specific events

Key Regions:

  • Yucatan Peninsula (Chichén Itzá, Tulum): Excellent weather for exploring ancient ruins and beaches without peak crowds.
  • Central Mexico (San Miguel de Allende, Guanajuato): Perfect for strolling colonial streets and enjoying mild, dry weather.
  • Baja California (Los Cabos): Great weather for outdoor activities, before the peak winter rush.
  • Oaxaca: Ideal for cultural immersion with pleasant temperatures and fewer tourists.
  • Mid-December – Mid-January (Christmas & New Year Holiday Period)
  • February – March (Spring Break)
  • Semana Santa (Easter Week, March/April)

Planning Your Trip

Greetings: A handshake or light cheek kiss (one, not two!) is common.

Tipping: 10–15% in restaurants (check if service is included); US$1–2 for bellboys/tour guides.

Bargaining: Expected in markets (not in stores)—start at 50% of the asking price.

Dress Code: Respectful attire in churches (no shorts/tank tops). Beachwear is for the beach only.

Safety: Avoid flashing expensive items—use ATMs in secure locations.

Accommodation: Hostels (US$20–40), hotels (US$60–200), luxury (US$300+).

Food:

  • Street tacos and markets (US$1–3/meal)
  • Casual sit-down: US$8–15
  • Fine dining: US$40–100

Transport:

  • Metro: US$0.30
  • Long-distance buses: US$20–50
  • Domestic flights: US$50–150

Activities:

  • Museums/ruins: US$5–15
  • Day tours: US$30–80
  • Free walking tours available in most cities.

Daily Budget:

  • Budget: US$60–90 (hostel, local food, public transport)

  • Mid-range: US$120–200 (3-star hotel, intercity bus, guided tours)

  • Luxury: US$300+ (resorts, private transfers, gourmet meals)

Free Wi-Fi: Available in cafes, hotels, many public parks.

SIM Cards: Telcel and AT&T sell tourist SIMs (US$10–20 with 5–10GB).

eSIMs: Options via Airalo or Holafly, especially handy for short stays.

Highly recommended for all travelers—especially if exploring remote or rural regions.

Coverage:

  • Medical care (hospitals in tourist areas are good, but costly)
  • Cancellations, delays (rainy season can affect flights/roads)
  • Adventure add-ons: Check if it includes snorkeling, ATV rides, or cenote diving.

From luxury resorts to budget hostels, Mexico caters to all travelers.

Hotels:

  • Luxury: Rosewood Mayakoba (Riviera Maya), Las Alcobas (Mexico City).
  • Mid-range: Boutique hotels in San Miguel de Allende or Oaxaca (~US$80–150/night).
  • Budget: Ibis, City Express (US$30–60/night).

Hostels:

  • Great for solo travelers (US$10–25/night). Popular chains: Hostel Mundo Joven, Mayan Monkey.

Airbnb/VRBO:

  • Best for groups—colonial homes in Mérida, beachfront condos in Puerto Vallarta.

Eco-Lodges & Haciendas:

  • Unique stays in Chiapas jungle or Yucatán’s cenote areas.

Tip: Book beach resorts in advance for peak season (Dec–Apr).

Mexico has diverse transport options, but safety and reliability vary.

Domestic Flights:

  • Fast & affordable for long distances (e.g., Mexico City to Cancún: ~US$50–100).
  • Major airlines: Aeroméxico, Volaris, Viva Aerobus.

Buses:

  • Luxury buses (ADO, ETN) are comfortable, safe, and cheap (e.g., Cancún to Tulum: ~US$10–20).
  • Second-class buses (for rural areas) are slower but ultra-budget-friendly.

Car Rentals:

  • Useful for exploring Riviera Maya, Baja California, or colonial towns.
  • Avoid driving in big cities (chaotic traffic, police stops).
  • Full insurance is mandatory (US$30–50/day).

Taxis & Rideshares:

  • Uber/Didi are safest in cities (Mexico City, Guadalajara).
  • Avoid unmarked taxis—use official taxi stands or hotel-recommended services.

Metro (Mexico City):

  • Cheap (US$0.25/ride) but crowded—watch for pickpockets.

Tip: For long distances, book overnight buses (saves time and accommodation costs).

Handy Tips

Mexico uses the Mexican Peso (MXN), but U.S. Dollars (US$) are widely accepted in tourist areas. Bills come in MX$20, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1,000 denominations. Coins include MX$1, 2, 5, 10, and centavos (cents).

  • Exchanging Currency: Avoid currency exchange counters at airports or hotels. For better rates, use ATMs connected to major banks or withdraw pesos once in Mexico.

  • Using Cards: Visa and Mastercard are widely accepted; Amex less so, especially in rural areas. Always carry some cash for local markets, taxis, or beach vendors.

  • Tipping Etiquette (commonly in pesos, but US$ also accepted in tourist zones):

    • Restaurants/Bars: 10–15% if not included.

    • Taxis/Rideshares: Not required, but rounding up is courteous.

    • Hotel Staff: MX$20–50 per bag for porters; similar for housekeeping.

    • Tour Guides: MX$100–300 per person depending on length/quality of tour.

Spanish is the official language, though English is spoken in major tourist destinations like Cancún, Mexico City, and Los Cabos.
Helpful phrases to know:

  • “¿Dónde está el baño?” (Where is the bathroom?)

  • “¿Cuánto cuesta?” (How much is it?)

  • “La cuenta, por favor.” (The bill, please.)

  • “¿Habla inglés?” (Do you speak English?)
    Pro Tip: A little Spanish goes a long way—locals appreciate the effort, especially in rural towns.

Mexico is generally safe for travelers, especially in tourist areas. Exercise caution in large crowds, avoid isolated areas at night, and use registered taxis or rideshare apps.

  • 911: National emergency number (police, medical, fire).

  • Embassy/Consulate: Keep your country’s consulate contact details with you (especially in cities like Mexico City, Guadalajara, or Cancún).

  • Health Tips: Avoid drinking tap water—stick to bottled or filtered water.

Mexico uses 127V/60Hz with Type A/B plugs (same as the U.S.). Visitors from North America don’t need an adapter. European travelers will require an adapter, but not a voltage converter for most electronics.

Tap water is not recommended for drinking in most parts of Mexico. Use bottled water for drinking and brushing teeth. Restaurants typically serve filtered water—if unsure, just ask: “¿Es filtrada?”

Pro Tip: Many hotels provide complimentary bottled water daily.

Plan around these dates—some attractions may close or be crowded:

  • 1 Jan: New Year’s Day

  • 5 Feb: Constitution Day (observed first Monday of Feb)

  • 21 Mar: Benito Juárez’s Birthday (observed third Monday of Mar)

  • Semana Santa: Holy Week (March/April—very busy!)

  • 1 May: Labor Day

  • 16 Sep: Independence Day (massive street parties)

  • 2 Nov: Day of the Dead (colorful altars + parades)

  • 20 Nov: Revolution Day

  • 12 Dec: Day of the Virgin of Guadalupe

  • 25 Dec: Christmas Day
    Note: Museums and ruins stay open on most holidays, but expect crowds.

Shops: Typically open 10:00–20:00 (later in resort towns).

Markets: Best explored early in the morning.

Pharmacies (Farmacias): Many are 24/7, especially in cities and tourist zones.

Tacos al Pastor: Marinated pork shaved off a spit, served with pineapple and cilantro.

Chilaquiles: Fried tortilla chips topped with salsa, cheese, and eggs—perfect breakfast.

Tamales: Corn dough stuffed with meats or sweets, wrapped in banana leaves or corn husks.

Ceviche: Fresh fish cured in citrus, especially great in coastal towns.

Mole Poblano: Complex sauce of chocolate and chilies, typically over chicken.

Elote/Esquites: Street corn with mayonnaise, cheese, lime, and chili powder.

Pozole: Hearty soup made with hominy and pork or chicken.

Cochinita Pibil: Slow-roasted pork from Yucatán, rich and fragrant.

Tlayudas: Oaxacan street pizza with beans, cheese, meats.

Pan de Muerto: Traditional sweet bread eaten around Day of the Dead.

Alcoholic:

  • Tequila: Mexico’s most famous spirit—try 100% agave in Jalisco’s heartland.

  • Mezcal: Smokier cousin of tequila—sipped slowly, often with orange slices and sal de gusano.

  • Raicilla: A lesser-known agave spirit from Jalisco—earthy, rustic, and gaining fame.

  • Mexican Red Wine: Valle de Guadalupe (Baja California) produces bold reds like Cabernet and Tempranillo.

  • Corona: Global favorite—but try Victoria or Negra Modelo for a richer flavor.

  • Chelada/Michelada: Beer with lime (Chelada) or with hot sauce, spices, and clam juice (Michelada).

Non-Alcoholic:

  • Agua de Jamaica: Hibiscus flower tea—tart, sweet, and served ice-cold.

  • Horchata: Rice-based milky drink flavored with cinnamon and vanilla.

  • Atole: Warm, thick drink made from corn masa, perfect for chilly mornings.

  • Café de Olla: Traditional spiced coffee brewed in clay pots with cinnamon and piloncillo (raw cane sugar).

  • Agua Fresca de Tamarindo: Sweet and tangy tamarind drink, great with spicy foods.

UNESCO Sites: 35 total—don’t miss Palenque, Guanajuato, or Oaxaca City.

Day of the Dead: Nov 1–2—celebrated with parades, costumes, and elaborate altars.

Traditional Music: Rancheras, Mariachi, and Marimba—often live at local plazas.

Indigenous Heritage: Visit Zapotec villages in Oaxaca or Mayan ruins in Chiapas.

Colonial Architecture: San Cristóbal, Querétaro, and Morelia are stunning.

Murals: Diego Rivera’s work at the National Palace and Bellas Artes.

Pueblos Mágicos: “Magical Towns” like Valle de Bravo or Taxco offer charm and culture.

Catholic Influence: Churches and cathedrals are central to community life.

Festivals: Guelaguetza in Oaxaca, Carnival in Veracruz, and Semana Santa processions.

Hidden Gem: Huasteca Potosina—jungles, waterfalls, surrealist gardens.

Beach Days: Relax in Tulum, Playa del Carmen, or Puerto Escondido.

Snorkeling & Diving: Cozumel and Isla Mujeres offer world-class reefs.

Archaeological Sites: Visit Chichén Itzá, Teotihuacán, or Monte Albán.

Frida Kahlo Museum: Blue House in Coyoacán (book in advance).

Lucha Libre Wrestling: Electric atmosphere at Arena México.

Mariachi in Plaza Garibaldi: Late-night serenades in Mexico City.

Hot Springs: Grutas Tolantongo—natural pools in a canyon setting.

Boho Markets: San Miguel de Allende for artisanal shopping.

Temazcal Ceremony: Indigenous sweat lodge ritual—healing and intense.

Cenote Swimming: Dive into freshwater sinkholes near Mérida or Tulum.

Limantour (CDMX): Consistently ranked among the world’s best cocktail bars—try the Mezcal Negroni.

Hanky Panky (CDMX): Speakeasy-style bar hidden behind a taco joint.

La Mezcaloteca (Oaxaca): Educational tastings of rare mezcals in a cozy, scholarly setting.

Palacio de Bellas Artes (CDMX): Catch a performance or ballet inside Mexico’s marble palace.

Bósforo (CDMX): Mezcal bar tucked in a grungy alley—no-frills and serious about the pour.

Bar Amparo (Guadalajara): Elegant cocktails in a former colonial house.

Cantina La Faena: Classic CDMX cantina with bullfighting memorabilia and cheap beer.

La Capilla (Tequila): World-famous dive bar in the birthplace of tequila—order a Batanga.

Rooftop Bars in San Miguel: Unwind with craft cocktails and sweeping views of historic domes.

Cumbia Nights at Salón Tropicana: Dance the night away in a retro ballroom.