IRELAND
Ireland, known as the “Emerald Isle,” is a land steeped in both natural beauty and rich history. The island, located to the west of Great Britain, is renowned for its lush landscapes, including rolling hills, rugged coastlines, and ancient ruins. With a history stretching back thousands of years, Ireland has seen its fair share of battles, conquests, and cultural transformations. From Celtic tribes to Viking invasions, and the establishment of the Irish Free State, the history of Ireland is both tragic and triumphant. The iconic Irish castles, historic churches, and the legacy of the Irish language are a testament to its storied past.
Ireland’s geography is a diverse mix of coastal cliffs, sandy beaches, and tranquil lakes. The country’s mild climate—temperatures range from 40°F (4°C) in winter to 60°F (16°C) in summer—combined with abundant rainfall, creates its signature verdant landscapes. The island is divided into the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland, each offering unique experiences. From the famous Cliffs of Moher to the peaceful lakes of Killarney, Ireland’s landscapes are as much a part of its charm as its fascinating cultural heritage.
Why Visit Ireland?
Stunning Landscapes – Cliffs of Moher, Ring of Kerry, Giant’s Causeway.
Rich History & Castles – Blarney Castle, Kilkenny Castle, Rock of Cashel.
Vibrant Cities – Dublin’s pubs, Galway’s music scene, Cork’s food.
Whiskey & Guinness – Tour Jameson Distillery & Guinness Storehouse.
Traditional Music & Culture – Live sessions in pubs, Irish dancing.
Friendly Locals – Known for hospitality (“Céad míle fáilte” – 100,000 welcomes).
Smart Travel: Off-Season Deals & Delights
Key Advantages:
- Lowest Prices: Flights and accommodation rates are at their absolute lowest.
- Fewer Crowds: Major attractions, historical sites, and cities are significantly less crowded, offering a more intimate experience.
- Authentic Local Vibe: Experience Ireland like a local, with more opportunities to interact with residents and enjoy a serene atmosphere in pubs and cafes.
- Cozy Atmosphere: Enjoy the charm of potentially snow-dusted landscapes (especially inland) and the warmth of traditional Irish hospitality by a crackling fire.
- Winter Sales: Post-Christmas sales offer great opportunities for shopping.
Main Drawbacks:
- Cold & Wet Temperatures: Winter can be very cold, windy, and wet, with rain being common. Snow is less frequent but possible, especially inland.
- Shorter Days: Daylight hours are significantly shorter, limiting sightseeing time.
- Limited Outdoor Activities: Many outdoor activities might be restricted due to weather conditions.
- Some Closures: Certain seasonal attractions, guesthouses, or smaller restaurants might be closed in the deepest off-season, particularly in rural areas.
Key Regions:
- Dublin: The capital city is enchanting in winter. You can explore its museums, galleries, and historic sites with fewer tourists. Enjoy traditional pubs with live music, the festive Christmas markets (through December), and the warmth of Irish hospitality.
- Galway: This vibrant city on the west coast offers a cozy atmosphere in winter. Explore its charming streets, enjoy traditional music sessions in pubs, and visit nearby attractions like the Cliffs of Moher (weather permitting, and with far fewer people).
- Cork & Kinsale: Cork city provides a lively urban experience, while the picturesque town of Kinsale offers a charming seaside escape, with cozy pubs and excellent dining, all with fewer crowds.
- Killarney & Ring of Kerry (limited exploration): While the Ring of Kerry is best experienced in milder weather, Killarney town remains a welcoming base. You can enjoy the town’s charm, explore Killarney National Park (with appropriate gear), and experience a quieter side of this popular region.
Key Advantages:
- Ideal Weather: Pleasant temperatures for sightseeing and outdoor activities, without the extreme heat of summer. While still prone to rain, there are more dry days.
- Manageable Crowds: Tourist numbers are lower than in peak summer, but attractions are fully open and vibrant.
- Reasonable Prices: Flights and accommodation are more affordable than in summer, though slightly higher than deep winter.
- Festivals & Events: Many vibrant local festivals and cultural events take place, including St. Patrick’s Day in March (which brings crowds and higher prices for that specific week) and various harvest festivals in autumn.
- Blooming Landscapes (Spring) & Autumn Colors (Autumn): Enjoy the natural beauty of Ireland’s countryside, from vibrant green fields in spring to the rich hues of autumn foliage.
Main Drawbacks:
- Unpredictable Weather (Spring/Autumn): Weather can change rapidly, with potential for strong winds and rain even in spring and autumn.
- Spring Showers: While beautiful, spring can still be quite wet.
- St. Patrick’s Day Surge: While part of the shoulder season, St. Patrick’s Day in March sees a significant surge in crowds and prices, especially in Dublin and other major cities.
Key Regions:
- The Wild Atlantic Way: The dramatic coastal route is stunning in spring and autumn, with comfortable temperatures for hiking and exploring charming coastal towns and dramatic cliffs without the summer throngs.
- County Kerry (including Ring of Kerry & Dingle Peninsula): These iconic regions are much more enjoyable in the shoulder seasons, offering breathtaking scenery, charming towns, and outdoor activities with fewer crowds.
- Northern Ireland (Giant’s Causeway, Belfast): The natural wonders and vibrant cities of Northern Ireland are particularly beautiful in spring and autumn, with comfortable temperatures for exploring.
- Ireland’s Ancient East: Explore historical sites, ancient ruins, and charming towns like Kilkenny, Waterford, and Cashel. The milder weather and fewer crowds enhance the experience.
- The Burren & Cliffs of Moher: This unique lunar-like landscape and the iconic cliffs are magnificent in the shoulder seasons, allowing for more contemplative visits.
Ready To Experience Your Perfect Gateaway?
Essential Trip Information
Visa and Entry Requirements
Check official visa requirements at Irish Immigration.
Visa Waiver Program (VWP): Citizens of the US, UK, EU, Canada, Australia, and others can visit for up to 90 days without a visa.
Passport Validity: Must be valid for at least 3 months beyond departure.
Proof of Onward Travel: May be requested at immigration.
Non-VWP Nationals: Apply for a Short-Stay ‘C’ Visa in advance.
Currency
Ireland uses the Euro (€). Bills: €5–500 (€200/500 rarely used). Coins: 1c–€2.
- Best Ways to Handle Currency:
Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount; ATMs offer better rates.
During Your Trip: Use ATMs (avoid Euronet—high fees). Cards (Visa/Mastercard) widely accepted, but carry €20–50 cash for rural areas.
What to Avoid: Airport exchange kiosks (high fees) and dynamic currency conversion (always choose EUR).
Language
English is the main language; Irish (Gaelic) is spoken in Gaeltacht regions.
- Helpful Phrases:
“Sláinte!” (Cheers!)
“Go raibh maith agat” (Thank you).
“An bhfuil Béarla agat?” (Do you speak English?).
Safety and Security
Very safe, but watch for pickpockets in Dublin (Temple Bar, O’Connell St.).
Emergency Number: 112 or 999 (police, ambulance, fire).
Avoid walking alone late at night in some Dublin areas (e.g., north inner city).
Health & Insurance
No special vaccines required.
EU travelers: Bring EHIC/GHIC card for healthcare access.
Non-EU travelers: Travel insurance is essential (healthcare is expensive).
Pharmacies (“Chemist”) widely available; tap water is safe.
Transportation
- Public Transport:
Dublin: Buses, Luas (tram), DART (coastal train).
Intercity: Irish Rail (trains), Bus Éireann (buses).
Driving: Left-hand side; narrow rural roads—rent a small car.
Taxis: Uber operates (but local taxis like FreeNow are better).
Cycling: Great in cities (Dublin Bikes scheme).
Price Level
Ireland is moderate to expensive, especially in Dublin and tourist hotspots.
Accommodation:
Budget: Hostels (€25–50/night), B&Bs (€60–100).
Mid-range: Hotels (€100–200/night).
Luxury: 4-5 star (€250+/night).
Food:
Quick eats: Cafés (€8–15), pub lunch (€12–20).
Casual dining: €20–40/person.
Fine dining: €50+/person.
Drinks:
Pint of Guinness: €5–7 (pubs), €2–4 (supermarkets).
Whiskey (Jameson): €6–10 per glass.
Cocktails: €10–15.
Transportation:
Bus/Train (Dublin): €2–4/ride (Leap Card saves money).
Intercity Trains (Irish Rail): €20–50 (book in advance).
Car Rental: €30–80/day (manual shift common).
Taxis: €15–30 for short trips.
Money-Saving Tips:
Free attractions (National Museums, Cliffs of Moher visitor center).
Pub grub is cheaper than restaurants.
Travel off-season (Oct–Apr) for lower prices.
Explore Ireland
Planning Your Trip
Best Time To Visit
Ireland’s temperate maritime climate means mild weather year-round, but seasons vary in appeal.
- Spring (March–May):
Lush green landscapes and blooming flowers (50–60ºF / 10–15ºC).
Fewer crowds; ideal for scenic drives (e.g., Ring of Kerry).
St. Patrick’s Day (March 17th) in Dublin—book accommodations early.
- Summer (June–August):
Peak season: Long daylight hours (up to 18 hours!) and festivals (Galway Arts Festival, Bloomsday).
Mild temps (60–68ºF / 15–20ºC), but rain is common—pack a waterproof jacket.
Coastal areas (e.g., Cliffs of Moher) get crowded; arrive by 9 AM.
- Autumn (September–November):
Best balance: Fewer tourists, fall foliage, and mild weather (55–65ºF / 13–18ºC).
Food festivals (e.g., Galway Oyster Festival in September).
- Winter (December–February):
Cold (40–48ºF / 4–9ºC) but festive (Christmas markets in Dublin, Cork).
Shorter days—plan indoor activities (pubs, museums).
Tip: Spring and autumn offer the best mix of weather, prices, and crowds.
Local Customs And Etiquette
Greetings: A friendly “How’s it going?” or “What’s the craic?” is common.
Pub Culture: Order at the bar. Don’t jump the queue—locals take turns seriously.
Tipping: Not mandatory, but appreciated—10–15% at restaurants, €1–2 for taxi rides.
Conversation: Avoid political debates (e.g., Brexit, Northern Ireland).
Dress: Layered clothing is key due to ever-changing weather.
Note: Locals are warm and helpful—don’t hesitate to ask for directions or recommendations.
Budgeting For Your Trip
Accommodation: Hostels (US$35–60), hotels (US$120–250), castles/luxury (US$400+).
Food: Pubs and cafes (US$15–25), sit-down restaurants (US$30–50), fine dining (US$70+). Full Irish breakfast included in many stays—filling and cost-saving!
Transport: Buses/trains (US$15–25/day), rental car (US$60–100/day incl. insurance), gas (~US$6–7/gallon). Leap Card for Dublin (US$6–10/day).
Activities: Museums often free or low-cost (US$5–10), guided tours (US$20–50), day trips (US$50–100).
Daily Budget:
Budget: US$80–120 (hostels, public transport, pub meals).
Mid-range: US$150–250 (hotels, rental car, attractions).
Luxury: US$350+ (boutique hotels, fine dining, private tours).
Internet & Mobile
Free Wi-Fi: Widely available in hotels, cafes, pubs, and public transport hubs.
SIM Cards: Vodafone, Three, and Eir offer prepaid plans (US$25–40 for 10–20GB).
eSIMs: Supported by Airalo, Ubigi, and local providers—great for short stays.
Tip: Airport shops and city centers sell SIMs—bring your passport for registration.
Travel Insurance
Recommended for: Medical emergencies, trip delays (especially with weather-related disruptions).
Healthcare: Public system is good, but non-residents may incur high costs for treatment—have a policy with emergency coverage.
Activities Coverage: Ensure your policy covers adventure options like hiking, horseback riding, or coastal kayaking.
Accomodation Options
Ireland offers a charming mix of cozy stays, historic castles, and modern hotels.
Hotels:
- Luxury: The Shelbourne (Dublin), Ashford Castle (County Mayo).
- Mid-range: Jurys Inn, Maldron Hotels (in cities and near airports).
- Budget: Ibis, Holiday Inn Express, Travelodge.
Bed & Breakfasts (B&Bs):
- A quintessential Irish experience—warm hosts, home-cooked Irish breakfast.
- Common in smaller towns and along scenic routes.
Hostels:
- Affordable and social: Generator Dublin, Kinlay Hostel (Galway).
- Often offer private rooms for couples/families.
Airbnb/VRBO:
- Popular in cities and rural areas—cottages, apartments, or farm stays.
Boutique Stays:
- The Dean Dublin (stylish, central), Number 31 (Georgian townhouse vibe).
Tip: Book ahead during festival season and summer—popular spots fill fast.
Getting Around
Ireland’s compact size makes it easy to explore, but rural areas require planning.
- Car Rental:
- Best for flexibility—scenic routes like the Wild Atlantic Way demand stops.
- Drive on the left; narrow rural roads require caution.
- Budget US$50–100/day (manual transmission cheaper; automatic costs extra).
- Trains (Irish Rail):
- Efficient for city connections (Dublin to Cork: 2.5 hrs, ~US$30).
- Scenic routes: Dublin to Galway (2.5 hrs) or Belfast (2 hrs).
- Buses (Bus Éireann):
- Affordable (US$10–20 for intercity trips) but slower than trains.
- Dublin Airport to city center: Airlink Express (US$7).
- Taxis/Rideshares:
- Uber works in Dublin; elsewhere, use local taxis (metered).
- Short rides: US$10–20.
- Biking:
- Great for cities (Dublin’s dublinbikes scheme: US$1.50/day).
- Rural biking: Wind and rain can be challenging.
- Domestic Flights:
- Only useful for Dublin to Kerry/Donegal (US$50–100; 1 hr).
Handy Tips
Ireland uses the Euro (€). Banknotes come in €5, €10, €20, €50, €100, €200, and €500. Coins include 1c, 2c, 5c, 10c, 20c, 50c, €1, and €2.
Exchanging Currency: Avoid airport exchange counters (poor rates). Use ATMs or local banks for better exchange rates.
Using Cards: Credit/debit cards (Visa, Mastercard widely accepted). American Express is less commonly accepted, especially in small towns.
Tipping Etiquette: Tipping isn’t mandatory, but appreciated for good service.
Restaurants: Round up or leave 10% (check if service charge is included).
Bars: No tipping expected unless table service.
Taxis: Round up to the nearest Euro.
Hotel Staff: €1–2 per bag for porters; €2–5 per night for housekeeping.
Tour Guides: €5–10 per person for group tours.
English is the primary language in Ireland, though Irish (Gaelic) is also an official language—especially on signage and in rural areas (“Gaeltacht” regions).
Useful phrases:
“Where’s the nearest bus stop?”
“How much is a ticket to Galway?”
“Can I pay by card?”
Pro Tip: Locals appreciate politeness and a bit of humor—a friendly “cheers” or “grand” goes a long way.
Ireland is one of the safest countries in Europe, but exercise usual precautions in cities like Dublin, especially late at night around Temple Bar.
Emergency Numbers:
- 112 or 999: Police, ambulance, fire (either number works).
- Embassies: Many are located in Dublin’s Ballsbridge area.
Ireland uses 230V/50Hz with Type G plugs (three rectangular pins). Bring a UK-style adapter if coming from North America or mainland Europe. Voltage converters are only necessary for certain high-powered devices.
Tap water is safe and clean throughout Ireland. Restaurants will often serve free tap water upon request, but it’s not always automatic—ask politely.
Public services, museums, and businesses may close on:
1 Jan: New Year’s Day
17 Mar: St. Patrick’s Day (biggest celebration!)
Easter Monday (varies March–April)
1st Mon in May: May Day
1st Mon in Jun & Aug: Bank Holidays
Last Mon in Oct: October Bank Holiday
25 Dec: Christmas Day
26 Dec: St. Stephen’s Day
Note: Many attractions are open on holidays but may have limited hours.
Shops: Generally 09:00–18:00 (Thursday evenings often until 21:00 in cities).
Supermarkets: Open daily, including Sundays (often until 21:00).
Pharmacies: Usually 09:00–18:00; limited hours Sundays.
Markets: Try the English Market in Cork or St. George’s Market in Belfast (Northern Ireland).
Irish Breakfast: A hearty platter of sausages, bacon, eggs, black pudding, white pudding, and soda bread.
Fish and Chips: A classic pub meal—crispy fried fish with golden fries, best enjoyed at a seaside town.
Irish Stew: A comforting dish made of lamb, potatoes, onions, and carrots.
Boxty: A traditional Irish potato pancake, served with meats or as a side dish.
Coddle: A stew made with sausages, bacon, onions, and potatoes, perfect for cold days.
Smoked Salmon: Often served on brown bread or with a dollop of Irish butter.
Baileys Cheesecake: A rich, creamy dessert made with the famous Irish liqueur.
Apple Tart: Made with Irish apples and a buttery pastry, often served with cream or custard.
Scones with Clotted Cream and Jam: A beloved treat in Ireland, often paired with a hot cup of tea.
Irish Coffee: A blend of hot coffee, Irish whiskey, sugar, and cream, perfect for an after-dinner drink.
Alcoholic
Guinness: Ireland’s most iconic stout—dark, rich, and smooth.
Smithwick’s: A popular Irish ale, light and crisp.
Irish Whiskey: From Jameson to Bushmills, a shot of this smooth spirit is a must-try.
Cider: Enjoy a refreshing pint of Irish cider, such as Magners or Bulmers.
Baileys Irish Cream: A luscious blend of whiskey and cream, perfect for sipping or in cocktails.
Murphy’s Irish Stout: Another classic stout from Ireland, smoother than Guinness but equally beloved.
Non-Alcoholic
Tea: A staple in every Irish home—served with milk and often accompanied by scones.
Irish Breakfast Tea: Strong and robust, perfect with a splash of milk.
Mineral Water: Often sparkling, from brands like Ballygally or Glenpatrick.
Apple Juice: Ireland’s apple orchards produce some of the freshest juices.
Hot Chocolate: Made rich with Irish cream for extra indulgence.
Trinity College Library: See the stunning Long Room and the Book of Kells.
Newgrange: Prehistoric tomb older than the pyramids (guided tour only).
Cliffs of Moher: One of Ireland’s most iconic sights—go at sunset if you can.
Blarney Castle: Kiss the famous stone (lean back and hope for eloquence).
Giant’s Causeway: Natural basalt columns—UNESCO World Heritage Site (Northern Ireland).
Galway’s Latin Quarter: Colorful streets, lively culture, and traditional music.
Rock of Cashel: Imposing medieval ruins in County Tipperary.
Dublin’s Georgian Architecture: Walk Merrion Square and Fitzwilliam Street.
Aran Islands: Step back in time—horse-drawn carriages and stone-walled paths.
Hidden Gem: Glenveagh National Park in Donegal—castle, lake, and remote wilderness.
Live Music: Catch a traditional session at O’Donoghue’s in Dublin or any Galway pub.
Literary Walking Tours: Explore the haunts of Joyce, Yeats, and Beckett.
Scenic Drives: Ring of Kerry, Wild Atlantic Way, or Causeway Coastal Route.
Theatre: Abbey Theatre in Dublin or Town Hall Theatre in Galway.
Pubs with a View: Gravity Bar at Guinness Storehouse or the rooftop at The Dean Hotel.
Castles: Tour Kilkenny Castle, Bunratty Castle, or Ashford Castle (luxury stay).
GAA Matches: Catch hurling or Gaelic football in Croke Park.
Festivals: Galway International Arts Festival (July), Electric Picnic (August), TradFest (January).
Day Spas: Monart in Wexford or the Cliff House Hotel.
Live Comedy: The International Bar in Dublin hosts some of the best Irish stand-up.
The Temple Bar Pub: A world-renowned pub offering great music, food, and drinks in Dublin.
The Old Jameson Distillery: Take a guided tour and enjoy a cocktail made with Ireland’s finest whiskey.
O’Donoghue’s Pub: A traditional pub in Dublin, famous for its live Irish music sessions.
The Spire: A cocktail bar in Galway, known for its innovative drinks and stunning views.
The Porterhouse: Dublin’s oldest craft brewery pub, serving a wide range of beers.
The Shelbourne Hotel: For a taste of luxury, sip a cocktail in this historic Dublin hotel bar.
Bar 1661: A cocktail bar that celebrates Irish spirits, particularly poitín.
The Funky Pig: A lively nightclub in Cork with great dance music and vibrant crowds.
Sin É: A cozy, intimate venue in Dublin, perfect for traditional Irish music and a pint.
The Vineyard: Cork’s premier wine bar with an extensive selection of local and international wines.