INDIA

India, a vibrant land of ancient history and diverse landscapes, boasts a rich tapestry of cultures, languages, and traditions. From the snow-capped Himalayas to tropical coastlines, this subcontinent offers an unparalleled journey through time and nature.

Region: South Asia

Capital: New Delhi

Official Language: Hindi, English (along with 22 other scheduled languages)

Level of Travel Safety: Exercise increased caution due to crime and terrorism. Women travelers should take particular care and avoid traveling alone, especially at night. Certain regions, like Jammu and Kashmir, and the India-Pakistan border, should be avoided entirely.

A map of Asia with India highlighted in green.

Why Visit India?

Cultural Immersion: From ancient temples to vibrant festivals, experience one of the world’s oldest civilizations in motion.

Architectural Wonders: The Taj Mahal, Rajasthan’s palaces, and South India’s towering temples captivate visitors.

Spiritual Exploration: Visit sacred cities like Varanasi or Rishikesh, and witness rituals along the Ganges River.

A view of the Taj Mahal through an arched doorway, with a person standing in the foreground.

Breathtaking Landscapes: Trek the Himalayas, relax on Goa’s beaches, or explore the backwaters of Kerala.

Culinary Adventure: Sample fragrant curries, fiery street food, and regional delights like biryani, idli, and chaat.

Incredible Diversity: Languages, cuisines, and customs shift dramatically every few hundred miles—India feels like multiple countries in one.

A vast green rice paddy field with palm trees and a small hut in the foreground, and mountains in the background.

Essential Trip Information

India requires most travelers to obtain a visa prior to arrival.

Check eligibility and apply through the official Indian visa portal: https://indianvisaonline.gov.in

e-Visa options are available for tourism, business, and medical travel (valid for 30, 90, or 180 days).

Passports must be valid for at least 6 months beyond your date of arrival.

Proof of return ticket, accommodation, and sufficient funds may be requested at immigration.

Visa fees vary based on nationality and type; e-Tourist visas for U.S. citizens typically cost US$25–100.

  • India uses the Indian Rupee (INR). Common bills: ₹10, ₹20, ₹50, ₹100, ₹200, ₹500, ₹2000.

Best Ways to Handle Currency

  • Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount for arrival; better rates at Indian ATMs.

  • During Your Trip: ATMs are widely available in cities (look for SBI, HDFC, ICICI). Visa and Mastercard are accepted at hotels, restaurants, and large stores, but cash is essential for small shops and rural areas.

  • What to Avoid: Avoid airport currency exchange booths due to poor rates. Decline dynamic currency conversion—always choose INR when paying by card.

Hindi and English are widely spoken. Each region also has its own local language (Tamil, Bengali, Gujarati, etc.).

English is commonly used in airports, hotels, and restaurants.

Helpful phrases: “Namaste” (hello), “Shukriya” (thank you), “Kitne ka hai?” (How much is this?)

India is generally safe, but petty theft and scams can occur in tourist hotspots.

Be cautious at night in isolated areas and avoid flashing valuables.

Use registered taxis or ride apps over informal transport.

For emergencies, dial 112 (universal emergency helpline).

Recommended vaccinations: Hepatitis A, Typhoid, and Tetanus.

Carry insect repellent in rural or tropical areas.

Tap water is not safe to drink—stick to bottled or filtered water.

Pharmacies are widespread; common chains include Apollo, MedPlus, and 1mg.

Travel insurance is essential for medical emergencies.

Railways: India’s extensive train network connects most cities. Use IRCTC or apps like Trainman for booking.

Domestic flights are frequent and inexpensive between metros and tourist hubs.

Buses: Government and private operators (RedBus, KSRTC) connect cities and towns.

Rickshaws and taxis: Ideal for short trips, but negotiate rates beforehand if no meter.

Walking is doable in historic or compact areas, though chaotic traffic can make it tricky in larger cities.

India offers excellent value for all types of travelers. Prices vary across regions, with metro cities being pricier.

Accommodation

  • Budget: Guesthouses/hostels (US$10–30/night)

  • Mid-range: 3-star hotels (US$40–90/night)

  • Luxury: 4–5 star hotels (US$100–300+/night)

Food

  • Street food: US$1–3 (try chaat, dosa, or momos)

  • Mid-range restaurants: US$5–15/person

  • Fine dining: US$30+/person (especially in top hotels)

Drinks

  • Beer: US$2–5 (local brands like Kingfisher)

  • Cocktails: US$6–12 in major cities

  • Bottled water: US$0.20–0.50 (always drink bottled)

Transportation

  • Auto-rickshaw: US$0.50–3 (short distances, always negotiate or use meter)

  • Metro (Delhi/Mumbai): US$0.20–0.80/ride

  • Ride-hailing: Uber/Ola: US$2–10 for short city trips

  • Domestic flights: US$40–100 for intercity routes

Money-Saving Tips

  • Use the metro in big cities to avoid traffic and save time.

  • Eat where locals eat—canteens, thali joints, and food courts.

  • Consider overnight trains or budget airlines for long-distance travel.

  • Many attractions (like temples or markets) are free or very low-cost.

Explore India

Home to the iconic Taj Mahal, a UNESCO World Heritage site and a breathtaking symbol of love. Located in the northern state of Uttar Pradesh, it’s easily accessible from Delhi and forms part of the popular “Golden Triangle” tourist circuit.

Known as the “Pink City,” Jaipur is the capital of Rajasthan in northern India, famed for its majestic forts, opulent palaces, and vibrant bazaars. Don’t miss the Amber Fort and Hawa Mahal.

One of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, Varanasi is a spiritual hub on the banks of the sacred Ganges River in Uttar Pradesh, North India. Witness the fascinating Ganga Aarti ceremonies and ancient ghats.

A coastal paradise on India’s western coast, known for its stunning beaches, vibrant nightlife, Portuguese heritage, and relaxed atmosphere. It’s a popular destination for both domestic and international tourists seeking sun and sand.

Explore a network of serene canals, lagoons, and lakes with picturesque houseboats, offering a unique glimpse into rural life. Located in the southern state of Kerala, it’s a tranquil escape.

India’s bustling financial capital and the heart of Bollywood, located on the west coast in Maharashtra. Experience a vibrant mix of colonial architecture, modern skyscrapers, and bustling street life.

The capital city offers a fascinating blend of historical monuments and modern infrastructure, showcasing centuries of diverse cultures. Located in North India, it’s a gateway to many other regions.

Often called the “City of Lakes” or “Venice of the East,” Udaipur in Rajasthan (North India) is famous for its romantic palaces, serene lakes, and beautiful gardens. The City Palace and Lake Pichola are highlights.

A UNESCO World Heritage site in Karnataka, South India, Hampi is an extraordinary archaeological site of ancient ruins, temples, and boulders, remnants of the Vijayanagara Empire. It’s a photographer’s dream.

A high-altitude desert region in the northernmost part of India, known for its stark, stunning landscapes, Buddhist monasteries, and adventure activities. It’s a truly unique and breathtaking destination, accessible mainly in summer.

Smart Travel

Key Advantages:

  • Lowest Prices
  • Fewer Crowds
  • Authentic Local Vibe
  • Best for Wildlife Spotting (due to less vegetation)
  • Ideal for Mountain Getaways

Main Drawbacks:

  • Scorching Temperatures (can reach over 104ºF / 40ºC in plains)
  • High Humidity (especially in coastal areas)
  • Limited Outdoor Activities (non-mountain)
  • Some closures (e.g., certain national parks before monsoon)

Key Regions:

  • Himalayan Hill Stations (e.g., Shimla, Manali, Darjeeling): Offer cooler temperatures and lush landscapes.
  • Leh-Ladakh: Accessible from June, this high-altitude desert is in a rain shadow.
  • Coorg & Ooty (Southern India): Provide pleasant mountain escapes with tea plantations.
  • Wildlife Sanctuaries (e.g., Ranthambore): Increased chances of animal sightings due to water scarcity.

Key Advantages:

  • Ideal Weather (cooler than summer, less intense rain than peak monsoon)
  • Manageable Crowds
  • Reasonable Prices
  • Lush Green Landscapes
  • Monsoon Festivals & Events

Main Drawbacks:

  • Unpredictable Weather (heavy downpours possible)
  • Higher Humidity
  • Potential for Flooding/Landslides in some areas
  • Some transportation delays

Key Regions:

  • Kerala Backwaters: Monsoon transforms them into serene, emerald waterways.
  • Rajasthan (Post-Monsoon): Landscapes turn green, and temperatures become pleasant.
  • Goa: Quieter beaches with occasional showers, excellent for relaxation.
  • North East India (e.g., Cherrapunji): Experience the true intensity of the monsoon and stunning waterfalls.
  • Varanasi & Ganges River: River cruises can be beautiful after the rains.
  • Winter (November – March, excluding major holidays)
  • Diwali (October/November, dates vary)
  • Christmas and New Year Holiday Period

Planning Your Trip

Respect:

  • Dress modestly, especially at temples (shoulders/knees covered).
  • Remove shoes when entering homes or places of worship.

Tipping:

  • Restaurants: 10–15%.
  • Porters/Drivers: US$1–2/day.

Photography:

  • Ask permission before taking photos of people or in religious settings.

Greetings:

  • A polite “Namaste” with folded hands goes a long way.

Right Hand Rule:

  • Eat, give, and receive with the right hand—left is considered unclean.

Bargaining:

  • Common in markets. Smile, be respectful, and enjoy the process!

India is one of the best destinations for value, from street eats to palace stays.

Accommodation:

  • Hostels: US$8–25
  • Hotels: US$40–120
  • Luxury: US$200–600+

Food:

  • Street food: US$1–3
  • Casual meals: US$5–15
  • Fine dining: US$25–70+

Transport:

  • Flights: US$30–100
  • Rickshaws/Uber: US$2–10
  • Trains/Metro: US$0.30–5

Activities:

  • Temples, bazaars, and many sights are free.
  • Guided tours or safaris: US$15–50
  • Taj Mahal entry: US$15–20 for foreigners

Daily Budget:

  • Budget: US$30–60 (hostels, street food, buses)

  • Mid-range: US$80–150 (AC hotel, meals, guided tours)

  • Luxury: US$250+ (boutique stays, private car, fine dining)

Wi-Fi:

  • Available in most hotels, cafés, and airports.
  • Speeds can vary—reliable in urban areas.

SIM Cards:

  • Easy to purchase at airports or shops (Airtel, Jio, Vi).
  • Valid passport/visa needed.
  • Plans: US$10–20 for 28 days with 10–20GB data.

eSIMs:

  • Available through services like Airalo or local providers.

Tip: Signal may drop in remote areas—download offline maps.

Highly recommended, especially if traveling to remote regions or participating in adventure activities.

Health: India has private clinics and hospitals in cities, but travel insurance should cover emergencies and evacuation.

Delays/Cancellations: Trains and flights can be delayed—coverage helps.

Activities to check in policy: Camel safaris, white-water rafting, and mountain trekking.

India offers a rich range of stays—from opulent palaces to friendly homestays.

Luxury:

  • Taj Lake Palace (Udaipur), Oberoi Amarvilas (Agra), The Leela (Goa).
  • Expect spa treatments, private pools, and heritage charm.
  • Rates: US$350–1000+/night.

Mid-range Hotels:

  • Radisson, Lemon Tree, and FabHotels offer reliable comfort.
  • Ideal for city stays with AC, Wi-Fi, and breakfast.
  • Rates: US$50–150/night.
  • Budget Hotels/Guesthouses:
  • Clean, simple rooms available for US$15–40.
  • Look for well-rated properties on Booking.com or Agoda.

Hostels:

  • Zostel and goStops are popular with backpackers.
  • Great for meeting travelers, with dorms from US$8–20.

Heritage/Boutique Stays:

  • Havelis in Rajasthan or tea estates in the northeast offer immersive local experiences.

Airbnb:

  • Increasingly popular in cities and remote regions.
  • Check reviews for accuracy.

Tip: Book early in peak season (Dec–Feb), and always check if breakfast and AC are included.

Getting around India is an adventure in itself—busy, colorful, and full of contrasts. Here’s how to navigate effectively:

Domestic Flights:

  • Affordable and efficient for long distances. Airlines like IndiGo, Vistara, and Air India operate regular routes.
  • Book early for best prices—fares as low as US$30–100 one-way.

Trains:

  • Iconic and scenic (e.g., Himalayan Toy Train or Konkan Railway).
  • Use IRCTC or platforms like 12Go Asia to book tickets.
  • AC classes (1AC, 2AC) offer comfort and are worth the upgrade.

Metro Systems:

  • Available in Delhi, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Kolkata, and more.
  • Cheap, air-conditioned, and efficient. Fares: US$0.30–1.

Taxis/Rideshares:

  • Uber and Ola operate in most major cities.
  • Always confirm the fare or use the app to avoid haggling.

Rickshaws:

  • Auto-rickshaws are everywhere—fun and authentic for short distances.
  • Negotiate fare before the ride if there’s no meter.

Buses:

  • Extensive network, especially for intercity travel.
  • Luxury AC coaches like Volvo are good for longer routes.

Walking:

  • Useful in compact areas but sidewalks may be chaotic.
  • Watch out for traffic—even on pedestrian crossings.

Tip: For first-timers, using a mix of flights, Uber/Ola, and guided day tours is easiest.

Handy Tips

India uses the Indian Rupee (₹ or INR). Notes come in ₹10, ₹20, ₹50, ₹100, ₹200, ₹500, and ₹2000 denominations; coins include ₹1, ₹2, ₹5, and ₹10.

Exchanging Currency: Avoid currency exchanges at airports (poor rates, high fees). Use ATM machines in banks or malls for better conversion rates.

Using Cards: Visa and Mastercard are widely accepted in cities; Amex and Diners Club are less common. Carry cash for rickshaws, street vendors, and smaller towns.

Tipping Etiquette: Not mandatory but always appreciated.

  • Restaurants: 5–10% is standard if not already included.
  • Taxis/Rickshaws: Round up the fare.
  • Hotel Staff: ₹50–100 per bag for porters; ₹200–300 per night for housekeeping.
  • Tour Guides: ₹300–600 per day per person for group tours; more for private guides.

India has 22 official languages, but English and Hindi are most commonly used in tourism.

Useful phrases:

  • “Where is the nearest metro station?”
  • “How much is this?”
  • “Can you help me?”

In southern and northeastern regions, English may be spoken more fluently than Hindi.

Pro Tip: Speak slowly and clearly. In smaller towns, written instructions (in English) can be very helpful.

India is generally safe for tourists, especially in well-traveled areas. But use common sense—avoid isolated streets at night, be cautious in crowded markets and train stations (petty theft).

  • Emergency Contacts:

    • 112: General emergency (police, medical, fire)

    • 100: Police

    • 102: Ambulance

    • Local embassy: Save the contact info of your country’s consulate.

  • Women travelers: Consider ride-hailing apps like Uber/Ola over public auto-rickshaws at night.

India uses 230V/50Hz with Type C, D, and M plugs (three round pins or two round pins).

Bring a universal adapter. A voltage converter is usually not necessary for phones, laptops, and cameras.

Tap water is not safe to drink.

Use bottled water (check the seal) or carry a portable filter bottle.

Avoid raw vegetables or juices from street vendors unless you’re sure it’s clean.

Many festivals follow the lunar calendar, so dates vary each year.

Fixed holidays include:

  • 26 Jan: Republic Day
  • 15 Aug: Independence Day
  • 2 Oct: Gandhi Jayanti
  • 25 Dec: Christmas

Major festivals (regional variation applies):

  • Holi (Mar): Festival of colors
  • Diwali (Oct/Nov): Festival of lights
  • Eid (dates vary): Muslim holiday celebrated widely
  • Durga Puja/Navratri: Huge in Eastern and Western India
    Note: Some government offices and shops may be closed during these days.

Malls & Stores: Usually 11:00–21:00 (close by 22:00 in big cities).

Markets: Open earlier, often 10:00–20:00. Closed one day a week (varies by city/market).

Pharmacies: Widespread; many operate 24/7 in urban areas.

Street Bazaars: Vibrant and open daily; bring cash and bargain respectfully.

Masala Dosa: A South Indian crispy crepe filled with spiced potato, served with coconut chutney and sambar.

Chole Bhature: Puffy fried bread with spicy chickpeas—Punjabi street food at its boldest.

Rogan Josh: Kashmiri-style slow-cooked lamb curry with rich aromatic spices.

Biryani: A fragrant rice dish layered with marinated meat or vegetables, especially famous in Hyderabad.

Butter Chicken: Creamy, tomato-based curry often served with naan—originated in Delhi.

Pani Puri: Hollow, crisp puris filled with spiced water, potatoes, and chickpeas—an explosion of flavor in one bite.

Dhokla: A savory, steamed snack from Gujarat made from fermented rice and lentils.

Fish Curry: Especially in Goa and Kerala—cooked with coconut milk, tamarind, and mustard seeds.

Gulab Jamun: Deep-fried dough balls soaked in rose-scented sugar syrup.

Jalebi: Crispy, orange coils soaked in saffron syrup—served hot on streets at breakfast or dessert time.

Alcoholic:

  • Sula Wine: Nashik’s premier wine label—India’s best known Sauvignon Blanc and Shiraz.

  • Grover Zampa: Bangalore-based vineyard offering full-bodied reds and crisp sparkling wines.

  • Kingfisher Beer: India’s iconic lager—widely available, smooth, and refreshing.

  • Bira 91: Popular craft beer with wheat and blonde variants—urban favorite.

  • Old Monk Rum: A dark, spiced rum with a cult following—best sipped over ice or mixed.

  • Feni: Goan spirit distilled from cashew fruit or coconut—potent and fruity.

  • Mahua: Traditional tribal liquor made from the flowers of the mahua tree—earthy and strong.

Non-Alcoholic:

  • Masala Chai: Spiced tea boiled with milk, cardamom, ginger, and black tea leaves.

  • Lassi: Yogurt-based drink—served salty or sweet (try mango lassi for a tropical twist).

  • Nimbu Pani: Indian-style lemonade with a dash of black salt and cumin.

  • Tender Coconut Water: Served straight from the coconut—hydrating and refreshing.

  • Sugarcane Juice: Fresh-pressed at roadside stalls, especially cooling in hot summers.

Bollywood Film: Watch a Hindi movie in a local theater with subtitles—it’s an experience!

Classical Dance Shows: Kathak (North India), Bharatanatyam (South).

Yoga Retreats: Rishikesh and Kerala are hotspots for spiritual healing.

Spice Markets: Wander through Khari Baoli (Delhi) or Mapusa (Goa).

River Cruises: Especially in Kerala backwaters and the Ganges in Varanasi.

Beach Time: Goa, Varkala, or Gokarna—each with its vibe.

Street Shopping: Sarojini Nagar in Delhi or Colaba Causeway in Mumbai.

Camel Safaris: Desert excursions in Rajasthan (Jaisalmer).

Luxury Trains: Palace on Wheels or Maharajas’ Express for upscale rail travel.

Live Music: Indian classical concerts or indie gigs in cities like Bangalore and Mumbai.

Taj Mahal: Iconic, yes—but truly breathtaking in person.

Forts & Palaces: Jaipur, Udaipur, and Jodhpur offer regal experiences.

Ajanta & Ellora Caves: Ancient Buddhist and Hindu rock-cut marvels.

Hampi: Surreal, boulder-strewn ruins of a lost empire.

Golden Temple (Amritsar): Spiritual and visually stunning.

Kumbh Mela: World’s largest religious gathering (held every few years).

Sarnath/Bodh Gaya: Key Buddhist pilgrimage sites.

Varanasi Ghats: Witness Ganga aarti (ritual) at sunset.

Meenakshi Temple (Madurai): Dravidian architecture at its most vibrant.

Sufi Dargahs: Like Nizamuddin in Delhi—haunting qawwali music on Thursdays.

Social (Delhi/Bangalore/Mumbai): All-day café that turns into a buzzing cocktail bar at night.

Toit (Bangalore): Pioneering Indian craft beer brewery—try the Basmati Blonde.

Raasta (Delhi/Mumbai): Caribbean-inspired bar with reggae, cocktails, and a rooftop vibe.

Tito’s Lane (Goa): Legendary nightlife strip with clubs, bars, and late-night dancing.

The Bombay Canteen: Inventive cocktails with an Indian twist—try the “Desi Martini”.

Cobbler & Crew (Pune): Speakeasy-style bar with world-class mixology.

Aer Lounge (Mumbai): Rooftop bar with skyline views and a luxurious vibe.

Slink & Bardot (Mumbai): Elegant cocktails and Parisian-style tapas in a boho-chic setting.

PCO (Delhi): Password-protected speakeasy with an old-world jazz vibe.

G-Shot Café (Goa): Kombucha on tap by day, DJ sets and local gin by night.