GEORGIA
Nestled at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, Georgia is a land of stunning contrasts, where ancient history meets dramatic landscapes. From soaring Caucasus peaks to Black Sea beaches, this country boasts an 8,000-year winemaking tradition and a vibrant culture.
Region: Eastern Europe / West Asia (Transcontinental)
Capital: Tbilisi
Official Language: Georgian
Level of Travel Safety: Georgia is generally considered a safe country for travelers, with normal security precautions advised. Petty crime like pickpocketing can occur in crowded areas. Avoid Russian-occupied regions of South Ossetia and Abkhazia due to higher risks.
Why Visit Georgia?
Ancient Culture Meets Modern Creativity: From 12th-century monasteries to digital art galleries in Tbilisi, Georgia celebrates the old and new in harmony.
Caucasus Mountains: Trek in the breathtaking Kazbegi region or go off-grid in remote Svaneti.
Unbeatable Hospitality: Expect long toasts, generous portions, and heartfelt welcomes—especially at traditional supra feasts.
Wines with History: Georgia is the cradle of winemaking, with 8,000+ years of history and hundreds of local grape varieties.
Charming Towns & Cities: From Batumi’s beach promenade to Sighnaghi’s Tuscan vibes.
Affordable Adventures: Ski in Gudauri, soak in sulfur baths, or visit UNESCO cave monasteries—all at budget-friendly prices.
Essential Trip Information
Visa and Entry Requirements
Georgia has a very liberal visa policy. Many nationalities, including citizens of the EU, USA, Canada, UK, Australia, and many others, can enter Georgia visa-free for up to one year.
All visitors must hold a passport valid for at least six months beyond their intended stay.
While not always requested, it’s advisable to have proof of onward travel and sufficient funds for your trip.
For specific requirements for your nationality, please refer to the official website of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia: https://www.geoconsul.gov.ge/en/visaInformation
Currency
The Georgian Lari (GEL) is the official currency.
- Bills: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200 GEL. Coins: 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 Tetri (cents) and 1, 2 GEL.
Best Ways to Handle Currency
- Before Your Trip: It’s not necessary to exchange a large amount of GEL before arriving. You can exchange a small amount at the airport if needed.
- During Your Trip: ATMs are widely available in cities and larger towns, offering good exchange rates. Major credit/debit cards (Visa, Mastercard) are widely accepted in hotels, restaurants, and larger shops. However, carry 50-100 GEL in cash for smaller vendors, local markets, and marshrutkas (minibuses).
- What to Avoid: Currency exchange kiosks in tourist areas often have less favorable rates.
Language
Georgian is the official language. It has its own unique alphabet.
Russian is widely understood by older generations.
English is increasingly spoken by younger people, especially in Tbilisi and tourist areas.
Helpful phrases: “Gamarjoba” (Hello), “Madloba” (Thank you), “Genatsvale” (a term of endearment, roughly “bless your heart”).
Safety & Security
Georgia is generally a very safe country with low crime rates.
Be cautious of pickpockets in crowded markets and on public transport, particularly in Tbilisi.
Avoid isolated areas at night, especially in less populated regions.
Emergency number: 112.
Health & Insurance
No special vaccinations are required for entry.
Travel insurance is highly recommended, as healthcare facilities may be limited outside major cities and medical costs can add up quickly.
Pharmacies are common in urban areas. Tap water is generally safe to drink in most cities, but bottled water is widely available if preferred.
Transportation
Tbilisi Metro: Efficient for getting around the capital. You’ll need a Metromoney card.
Buses/Marshrutkas: Extensive network within and between cities. Marshrutkas are the most common and affordable way to travel intercity.
Taxis/Ride-sharing: Uber is not available, but Bolt is widely used and recommended for fair pricing in Tbilisi and Batumi.
Trains: Connect major cities like Tbilisi, Batumi, and Kutaisi, offering a comfortable option for longer journeys.
Rental Cars: Available, but driving can be challenging due to road conditions and local driving styles. Consider hiring a driver for mountain regions.
Price Level
Georgia is generally an affordable destination, especially outside the most touristy areas.
Accommodation
- Budget: Guesthouses/hostels (US$15–40/night)
- Mid-range: 3-star hotels (US$50–100/night)
- Luxury: 4-5 star hotels (US$120+/night)
Food
- Quick eats: Khachapuri from a bakery (US$2–5), street food (US$3–8)
- Casual dining: US$10–25/person (e.g., traditional Georgian supra)
- Fine dining: US$30+/person
Drinks
- Beer: US$2–5 (restaurants/bars), US$1–2 (supermarkets)
- Wine (glass): US$3–8 (local house wine is very affordable)
- Chacha (Georgian brandy): US$2–5 (shot)
Transportation
- Metro/bus (Tbilisi): US$0.30 per ride (requires Metromoney card)
- Marshrutka (intercity): US$5–20 depending on distance
- Taxi (Tbilisi): US$3–10 for short trips within the city. Use Bolt app for fair prices.
Money-Saving Tips
- Eat at local restaurants and bakeries for authentic and affordable food.
- Utilize marshrutkas for intercity travel; they are significantly cheaper than private taxis.
- Consider staying in guesthouses or family-run hotels for a more authentic and budget-friendly experience.
Explore Georgia
The vibrant capital city, blending ancient churches, charming cobblestone streets, and modern architecture. Explore the Old Town, visit the Narikala Fortress, and relax in the famous sulfur baths. Located in the heart of Eastern Georgia.
A picturesque mountain region in the Greater Caucasus, famous for the iconic Gergeti Trinity Church set against the backdrop of Mount Kazbek. It’s a prime destination for hiking and breathtaking landscapes. Located in the north-eastern part of Georgia, along the Georgian Military Highway.
An ancient capital and spiritual heart of Georgia, home to UNESCO World Heritage sites like Svetitskhoveli Cathedral and Jvari Monastery. These sites are significant for their early Christian history and stunning views. Situated just north of Tbilisi.
A remote and stunning mountainous region known for its unique medieval Svan towers and untouched landscapes. Mestia is the regional center, and Ushguli is one of Europe’s highest continuously inhabited settlements. Located in the northwestern part of Georgia, high in the Caucasus Mountains.
A bustling Black Sea resort city with a modern skyline, botanical gardens, and a vibrant nightlife. Enjoy the beaches, the famous Ali & Nino moving statue, and the charming old town. Positioned on Georgia’s Black Sea coast in the southwest.
Georgia’s renowned wine region, offering endless vineyards, ancient monasteries, and charming towns like Sighnaghi, the “City of Love.” Indulge in wine tasting and learn about traditional Qvevri winemaking. Found in Eastern Georgia.
A famous spa town renowned for its natural mineral water springs, believed to have healing properties. Visitors can stroll through Borjomi Central Park and sample the carbonated water directly from the source. Found in south-central Georgia, amidst forested mountains.
One of the highest inhabited villages in Europe, dramatically set beneath Mount Shkhara.
A charming hilltop town with cobbled streets, vineyards, and views of the Alazani Valley.
A semi-desert region with a rock-hewn monastery complex on the border with Azerbaijan.
Smart Travel
Key Advantages:
- Lowest Prices
- Fewer Crowds
- Authentic Local Vibe
- Winter Sports (excluding peak)
- Cozy Atmosphere
Main Drawbacks:
- Cold Temperatures (can drop to 14°F / -10°C in mountainous regions, around 32-40°F / 0-5°C in Tbilisi)
- Shorter Days
- Limited Outdoor Activities (non-ski)
- Some closures
Key Regions:
- Tbilisi: Enjoy the capital’s historic streets and sulfur baths without the usual crowds.
- Gudauri & Bakuriani: Ideal for skiing and snowboarding, with fresh powder and good deals.
- Kakheti: Experience quieter wine tastings and traditional Georgian hospitality.
Key Advantages:
- Ideal Weather (Spring 50-70°F / 10-21°C, Autumn 55-75°F / 13-24°C)
- Manageable Crowds
- Reasonable Prices
- Festivals & Events
- Blooming Landscapes (Spring) & Autumn Colors (Autumn)
Main Drawbacks:
- Spring Mud Season (especially in mountain hiking areas)
- Unpredictable Weather (Spring/Autumn can have sudden changes)
- Autumn Crowds for grape harvest in Kakheti
Key Regions:
- Tbilisi: Perfect for exploring the Old Town, museums, and enjoying outdoor cafes.
- Kakheti: Experience the Rtveli (grape harvest) in autumn or blooming vineyards in spring.
- Mtskheta & Gori: Comfortable temperatures for visiting historical sites.
- Svaneti (Higher elevations): Hiking trails start to open in late spring, stunning autumn colors.
- Mid-Summer (June-August): Hot temperatures (often 80-95°F / 27-35°C), popular for Black Sea coast and high mountain trekking.
- Christmas and New Year Holiday Period: Festive atmosphere, but expect higher prices and larger crowds in popular cities and ski resorts.
- Peak Ski Season (February-March): Best snow conditions, but resorts are busiest and most expensive.
Planning Your Trip
Local Customs And Etiquette
Hospitality: Georgians are renowned for their hospitality. Accepting offers of food or drink is considered polite.
Toasting: During a “supra” (traditional feast), a “tamada” (toastmaster) leads toasts. It’s polite to participate, but you don’t need to drink every time.
Dress Code: Modest dress is expected when visiting churches and monasteries. Women should cover their heads and wear skirts (scarves and wraps are often provided at entrances). Men should wear long pants.
Bargaining: Generally not practiced in shops or restaurants, but you might negotiate with taxi drivers or for souvenirs in markets.
Photography: Ask permission before taking photos of people, especially in rural areas.
Budgeting For Your Trip
Accommodation:
- Hostels: US$10–25/night
- Guesthouses/Mid-range hotels: US$40–100/night
- Luxury: US$100+/night
Food:
- Street food/local bakeries: US$2–8 per meal (Khachapuri, Lobiani)
- Casual meal in a restaurant: US$10–25 per person
- Fine dining: US$30+ per person
Transport:
- Marshrutka: US$1–10 per trip
- City public transport (Tbilisi Metro/Bus): US$0.30–0.50 per ride
- Taxi (short ride): US$2–5
- Car rental: US$40–100+ per day
Activities:
- Museum/site entry: US$2–10
- Wine tasting: US$10–30
- Guided tours: US$30–70+ per person (for a full day)
Daily Budget:
- Budget: US$40–70 (hostels, local food, marshrutkas)
- Mid-range: US$80–150 (guesthouses, mid-range restaurants, occasional taxis/tours)
- Luxury: US$150+ (luxury hotels, fine dining, private drivers)
Internet & Mobile
Free Wi-Fi: Widely available in hotels, guesthouses, cafes, and restaurants, especially in major cities.
SIM Cards: Easily purchased at the airport or in city centers. Major providers are Magti, Geocell, and Beeline.
- Prepaid plans are affordable, offering ample data for ~US$5–15 for 7–30 days.
eSIMs: Some international eSIM providers offer plans for Georgia.
Travel Insurance
Highly recommended for all travelers.
Medical coverage: Essential as local healthcare facilities may be basic, especially outside major cities.
Trip delays/cancellations: Important, particularly if traveling during shoulder or winter seasons when weather can affect travel plans.
Adventure Activities: Ensure your policy covers activities like hiking, skiing, or paragliding if you plan to partake.
Accomodation Options
From guesthouses in mountain villages to luxury hotels in Tbilisi, Georgia offers diverse choices.
Luxury:
- City hotels: The Biltmore Hotel Tbilisi, Rooms Hotel Tbilisi.
- Design hotels: Stamba Hotel (Tbilisi).
Mid-range:
- Boutique hotels: Fabrika (Tbilisi), Rooms Hotel Kazbegi.
- Guesthouses with amenities: Often found in smaller towns and wine regions.
Budget:
- Guesthouses: ~US$15–40/night (especially in rural areas like Svaneti or Kazbegi).
- Hostels: ~US$10–25/night (Tbilisi, Kutaisi, Batumi).
Unique Stays:
- Wine hotels: Schuchmann Wines Chateau (Kakheti).
- Mountain guesthouses: Family-run guesthouses in Mestia or Ushguli for an authentic experience.
Tip: Book mountain guesthouses in advance during peak hiking season (July-August).
Getting Around
Transport options range from marshrutkas to private drivers—plan wisely for long distances.
Marshrutkas (Minibuses):
- Most common: Cheap (US$1–10) and efficient for inter-city travel and reaching smaller towns.
- Routes: Connect major cities like Tbilisi, Batumi, Kutaisi, and various towns. Can be crowded.
Trains:
- Limited routes: Connects major cities like Tbilisi, Batumi, and Kutaisi. Night trains available.
- Classes: Second class (compartments) and third class (open seating).
- Book early for popular routes, especially in summer.
Taxis:
- Short rides: Negotiate fares or use ride-hailing apps like Bolt or Yandex Go in major cities (US$2–10 for short rides).
- Long-distance: Possible but negotiate price beforehand; can be more expensive than marshrutkas.
Car Rentals:
- Recommended for: Exploring remote regions or having flexibility.
- Considerations: Roads can be challenging, especially in mountains. A 4×4 vehicle is often recommended for off-road or winter conditions. Daily rates usually range from US$40–US$100+.
Domestic Flights:
- Limited: Connects Tbilisi to Mestia (Svaneti) or Batumi.
- Saves time: Useful for reaching remote mountain regions quickly, but flights can be sporadic and weather-dependent.
Bold Recommendation: Use marshrutkas for budget-friendly inter-city travel and consider renting a 4×4 or hiring a driver for exploring the mountains.
Handy Tips
Georgia uses the Georgian Lari (₾ or GEL). Bills are available in ₾5, ₾10, ₾20, ₾50, ₾100, and ₾200 denominations; coins (called tetri) come in 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, and 50 tetri, and ₾1 and ₾2.
Exchanging Currency: Best rates at currency exchange offices (valyuta) in Tbilisi or Batumi. Avoid airport exchanges.
Using Cards: Credit/debit cards (Visa, Mastercard) are widely accepted in cities, less so in villages. Always carry some cash for taxis, markets, or homestays.
Tipping Etiquette: Tipping isn’t mandatory, but appreciated.
Restaurants/Bars: 10–15% if service charge isn’t included.
Taxis: No tipping expected, but rounding up is common.
Hotel Staff: ₾2–₾5 per night for housekeeping, ₾1–₾2 per bag for porters.
Tour Guides: ₾10–₾20 per day is generous for private tours.
The official language is Georgian, which uses its own unique script. Russian is widely understood (especially among older generations), and English is spoken in tourist areas.
Useful phrases:
“Gamarjoba” – Hello
“Madloba” – Thank you
“Ra ghirs?” – How much is it?
“Saerto metskvde?” – Where’s the nearest metro?
Pro Tip: Georgians are proud of their culture—learning a couple of words goes a long way!
Georgia is one of the safest countries in Europe, but take usual precautions.
Be alert at crowded markets (e.g., Tbilisi’s Dry Bridge).
Avoid dark alleys late at night in unfamiliar areas.
Emergency Contacts:
- 112 – All emergencies (police, ambulance, fire)
- Your Embassy – Some are located in Tbilisi’s Vake or Vera districts
Georgia uses 220V/50Hz with Type C and F plugs (European standard). Bring an adapter if you’re coming from the U.S. or U.K.
Tap water is safe to drink in major cities like Tbilisi and Batumi. In rural areas, bottled water is recommended. Restaurants usually serve bottled or filtered water.
Some businesses and museums may close or have reduced hours on:
1 Jan: New Year’s Day
7 Jan: Orthodox Christmas
19 Jan: Epiphany
3 Mar: Mother’s Day
9 Apr: Day of National Unity
9 May: Victory Day
26 May: Independence Day (festivals and military parades)
28 Aug: Mariamoba (Assumption of Mary)
14 Oct: Svetitskhovloba (Mtskheta celebration)
31 Dec: New Year’s Eve
Stores: Usually open from 10:00–21:00 (larger malls until 22:00).
Pharmacies: Many operate 24/7 in cities.
Markets: Most active in the mornings (e.g., Dezertirebi Market in Tbilisi).
Khinkali: Juicy dumplings filled with meat or mushrooms—twist and slurp!
Khachapuri: Cheese-filled bread (try the Adjarian version with egg and butter).
Lobio: Bean stew served in clay pots with cornbread (mchadi).
Mtsvadi: Georgian-style grilled pork or veal skewers.
Chakapuli: A tangy stew made with lamb, tarragon, and sour plums.
Badrijani Nigvzit: Eggplant rolls with walnut paste and pomegranate seeds.
Satsivi: Turkey or chicken in a cold walnut-garlic sauce.
Ajapsandali: A vegetable medley similar to ratatouille.
Churchkhela: A candle-shaped sweet made from nuts and grape juice.
Pelamushi: Grape pudding served chilled—perfect on hot days.
Alcoholic
Saperavi Wine: Georgia’s iconic deep red wine—dry and bold.
Kindzmarauli: A semi-sweet red wine, often paired with desserts.
Chacha: Grape vodka—strong and homemade, often served by hosts.
Tsinandali: A light, dry white wine from the Kakheti region.
Alazani Valley: A soft, semi-sweet white wine, easy to drink.
Natakhtari Beer: Crisp and refreshing lager, locally brewed.
Argo Beer: A popular alternative with a slightly stronger finish.
Non-Alcoholic
Lagidze Water: Fizzy drinks with natural syrups (try tarragon or chocolate flavor).
Borjomi: Famous mineral water with a salty kick—Georgian classic.
Compote: Sweetened fruit juice, often homemade.
Matsoni Drink: Fermented yogurt drink—tangy and probiotic.
Narikala Fortress: Overlooks Tbilisi—great at sunrise or sunset.
Svetitskhoveli Cathedral: UNESCO-listed cathedral in ancient Mtskheta.
Jvari Monastery: 6th-century hilltop monastery with sweeping views.
Uplistsikhe Cave Town: Rock-hewn city carved into cliffs—centuries of history.
Vardzia: Medieval cave monastery complex built into a mountain.
Georgian National Museum: Rich in archaeology, Soviet history, and gold artifacts.
Open Air Museum of Ethnography: Traditional houses from across Georgia.
Anchiskhati Basilica: Oldest church in Tbilisi, dating back to the 6th century.
Kutaisi’s Bagrati Cathedral: Another UNESCO gem, symbol of Georgian unification.
Tbilisi’s Old Town: Wander cobbled lanes, colorful balconies, and hidden courtyards.
Tbilisi Sulphur Baths: Relax in the warm, domed bathhouses of Abanotubani.
Rustaveli Theatre: Catch a play or dance performance in Georgian or English.
Fabrika: Urban cultural space with bars, murals, co-working spaces.
Mtatsminda Park: Ride a funicular up for city views and amusement rides.
Kakheti Wine Tours: Day trips or overnights in Georgia’s premier wine region.
Cable Car Ride: From Rike Park to Narikala Fortress—sunset views!
Tbilisi Opera House: Stunning 19th-century building with frequent shows.
Turtle Lake: Local weekend escape with cafes and paddle boats.
Batumi Boulevard: Palm-lined seaside promenade perfect for cycling or walks.
Gergeti Trinity Church: Hike or jeep up for a spiritual experience beneath Mt. Kazbegi.
Drunk Owl Bar: Popular student bar with craft beers and open mic nights.
Dadi Wine Bar: Stylish spot in Old Town for Georgian wines and cheese.
Basiani: Techno club in a former Soviet-era swimming pool—iconic for nightlife.
Vino Underground: Cozy basement bar with organic wines and moody jazz.
El Centro: Trendy cocktail bar near Freedom Square.
Cafe Leila: Fairy-tale decor and live music—great for late-evening chats.
Mtatsminda Viewpoint: Night panorama of Tbilisi from up high.
Batumi Casino Scene: Flashy lights and gaming near the Black Sea.
Mtkvarze Club: Electronic music by the river—dance until sunrise.