FINLAND
Finland, often referred to as the “Land of a Thousand Lakes,” is a northern European country that captivates visitors with its natural beauty and rich cultural heritage. This Scandinavian gem is bordered by Sweden to the west, Russia to the east, and the Gulf of Finland to the south. Finland’s landscape is characterized by vast forests, rugged coastlines, and a staggering number of lakes—approximately 188,000—making it a paradise for outdoor enthusiasts. The country is also renowned for its striking Arctic wilderness, where the Northern Lights dance across the sky in the winter months. Finland’s climate is subarctic, with long, cold winters and short, mild summers, making it an intriguing destination year-round.
Historically, Finland was part of Sweden for centuries, and later came under Russian control before gaining independence in 1917. This tumultuous past has shaped Finland’s unique identity, blending Nordic and Russian influences while maintaining a fiercely independent spirit. The Finnish people have a deep connection to their natural surroundings, as evidenced by their traditional sauna culture, which is still an essential part of daily life. Despite its small size, Finland has made a significant impact on global culture, from the innovative designs of Finnish architects like Alvar Aalto to the global success of Finnish heavy metal bands.
Why Visit Finland?
Northern Lights Wonder: Chase the magical Aurora Borealis from September to March in Lapland.
Midsummer & Midnight Sun: Experience endless daylight in June/July, with festivals and bonfires under the midnight sun.
Sauna Culture: With over 3 million saunas, it’s a national obsession—try one by a frozen lake or in a modern spa.
Nature Everywhere: Over 180,000 lakes, thick boreal forests, and Arctic wilderness.
Design & Innovation: Visit Helsinki’s Design District, home to bold architecture, world-famous brands like Marimekko and Iittala.
Clean, Calm, and Kind: Regularly ranked among the happiest and most peaceful countries on Earth.
Smart Travel: Off-Season Deals & Delights
Key Advantages:
- Lowest Prices: Flights and accommodation rates are at their absolute lowest.
- Fewer Crowds: Major attractions, cities, and especially national parks are significantly less crowded, offering a more intimate and serene experience.
- Authentic Local Vibe: Experience Finland like a local, with more opportunities to interact with residents and enjoy a tranquil, winter wonderland atmosphere.
- Winter Activities (excluding peak): While peak ski season and the immediate Christmas/New Year period are busy, early or late winter can still offer opportunities for winter sports and activities like cross-country skiing, ice skating, and snowshoeing at better prices.
- Aurora Borealis: November to February offers excellent opportunities to witness the Northern Lights, especially in Lapland, with less light pollution from crowds.
- Cozy Atmosphere: Enjoy the charm of snow-covered landscapes, frozen lakes, and the warmth of traditional Finnish hospitality in saunas, cafes, and guesthouses.
Main Drawbacks:
- Cold Temperatures: Winter can be very cold, especially in the north and inland areas, with heavy snowfall common.
- Shorter Days/Polar Night: Daylight hours are extremely short, especially in December and January, and in the far north, you’ll experience the “kaamos” or polar night, limiting sightseeing time.
- Limited Outdoor Activities (non-winter sports): Some outdoor activities might be restricted due to weather conditions or deep snow.
- Some Closures: Certain seasonal attractions or guesthouses, particularly in more remote areas, might be closed in the deepest off-season.
Key Regions:
- Helsinki: The capital city is enchanting in winter, especially if it snows. You can explore museums, enjoy cozy cafes, visit the Christmas markets (though not as grand as in Central Europe), and experience local culture with fewer tourists. Ice skating rinks often open in the city center.
- Lapland (e.g., Rovaniemi, Levi, Saariselkä – excluding peak times): While known for its peak season charm, visiting Lapland in early or late winter (November or February) can offer the magic of snow, Northern Lights, and winter activities at lower prices and with fewer crowds than December/January.
- Lakeland (e.g., Savonlinna, Kuopio): The vast Lakeland region transforms into a frozen paradise. You can experience ice fishing, snowshoeing, or even ice skating on frozen lakes, offering a unique and peaceful experience.
- Coastal Towns (e.g., Porvoo, Turku): These charming towns offer historical sites and a more relaxed pace. You can enjoy the snow-dusted old towns and coastal scenery with far fewer visitors.
Key Advantages:
- Ideal Weather: Pleasant temperatures for sightseeing and outdoor activities, without the extreme cold of winter or the full heat of summer.
- Manageable Crowds: Tourist numbers are lower than in peak summer, but attractions are generally fully open and vibrant.
- Reasonable Prices: Flights and accommodation are more affordable than in summer, though slightly higher than deep winter.
- Festivals & Events: Many local festivals and cultural events take place, celebrating spring awakenings or autumn harvests.
- Blooming Landscapes (Spring) & Autumn Colors (Autumn): Enjoy the natural beauty of Finland’s changing seasons. Spring brings melting snow and returning greenery, while autumn offers spectacular “ruska” (fall foliage), particularly in Lapland.
Main Drawbacks:
- Spring Thaw/Mud Season: Early spring (March-April) can be characterized by melting snow, which can lead to muddy conditions, especially in rural areas and hiking trails. Some higher-elevation trails might still be covered in snow.
- Unpredictable Weather (Spring/Autumn): Weather can change rapidly, with potential for snow even in spring and autumn, especially in the north.
- Mosquitoes (Late Spring/Early Summer in North): As the snow melts in late spring, mosquitoes can become more prevalent, particularly in the northern regions.
Key Regions:
- Helsinki & Major Cities (e.g., Turku, Tampere): These cities are much more enjoyable in spring or autumn, with comfortable temperatures for exploring historical sites, museums, and enjoying outdoor terraces as they reopen.
- Lakeland: Spring offers the awakening of nature and opportunities for early canoeing or fishing, while autumn provides stunning “ruska” colors reflected in the lakes.
- National Parks (e.g., Nuuksio, Koli, Oulanka): These parks are fantastic for hiking and enjoying nature in shoulder seasons, with fewer crowds than summer and beautiful seasonal scenery. Autumn is particularly popular for hiking due to the “ruska.”
- Lapland (especially for “ruska” in autumn): While known for winter, Lapland in September-early October is breathtaking for its autumn colors and excellent hiking opportunities, with fewer crowds and generally milder temperatures than winter.
Mid-Summer (June-August): This is Finland’s peak tourist season. Prices for flights and accommodation are at their highest, and popular attractions, especially in cities, the Lakeland region, and coastal areas, will be crowded. While the weather is generally good, the days are long (with the midnight sun in the far north), and many Finns are on holiday, the value for money is significantly lower due to demand.
Christmas and New Year Holiday Period (Mid-December – Early January): While festive, this period sees a massive surge in prices and crowds, especially in Lapland due to Santa Claus tourism, and in cities like Helsinki. Booking well in advance is essential, and prices will be at their premium.
Peak Ski Season (February-March in Lapland): Popular ski resorts in Finnish Lapland will be busy and more expensive during this time, especially during school holidays. If skiing is your primary goal, booking well in advance and considering slightly less popular resorts or visiting during the shoulder parts of the ski season might help.
Ready To Experience Your Perfect Gateaway?
Essential Trip Information
Visa and Entry Requirements
Finland is part of the Schengen Area. Travelers from many countries (including the U.S., Canada, UK, Australia, and EU nations) can enter visa-free for up to 90 days within a 180-day period.
Passports must be valid for at least three months beyond your planned departure date.
Non-Schengen nationals should check specific requirements and may need a visa.
Immigration may request proof of accommodation, return ticket, and sufficient funds.
Check up-to-date visa requirements on the Official Finnish Immigration Website.
Currency
Finland uses the Euro (€). Common bills: €5–€100. Coins: 1¢–2€.
Best Ways to Handle Currency
Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount. ATMs offer better rates.
During Your Trip: Widely available ATMs (try Nordea or OP Financial Group). Credit/debit cards (Visa, Mastercard) are commonly accepted—even for small purchases.
What to Avoid: Currency exchange booths (especially at airports), dynamic currency conversion (always choose EUR).
Language
Finnish and Swedish are official languages. Most locals speak excellent English.
Useful phrases: “Kiitos” (Thank you), “Hei” (Hi), “Missä on…?” (Where is…?)
English signage is common in cities and public transport.
Safety and Security
Finland is one of the safest countries in the world.
Exercise standard caution—pickpocketing can occur in crowded areas (e.g., train stations).
Emergency number: 112 (police, fire, ambulance).
Health & Insurance
No special vaccinations needed.
Healthcare is high-quality. EU citizens can use their EHIC. Others should get travel insurance (private care can be costly).
Pharmacies are widely available. Tap water is clean and drinkable.
Transportation
Helsinki Public Transport (HSL): Reliable metro, trams, buses, ferries (HSL card or mobile app recommended).
Intercity Trains: Comfortable service between major cities (VR trains).
Domestic Flights: For longer routes (e.g., Helsinki to Lapland).
Driving: Roads are excellent but icy in winter—rent with winter tires.
Walking/Biking: Ideal in urban centers, especially during spring and summer.
Price Level
Helsinki and major cities range from moderate to expensive, but countryside and small towns are more affordable.
Accommodation
Budget: Hostels or guesthouses (US$30–70/night)
Mid-range: 3-star hotels, boutique stays (US$100–180/night)
Luxury: 4–5 star hotels, design properties (US$250+/night)
Food
Quick eats: Cafés, bakeries, and local fast food like Hesburger (US$8–15)
Casual dining: Bistro meals or ethnic food (US$20–35/person)
Fine dining: Tasting menus or Michelin-starred restaurants (US$70+/person)
Drinks
Beer: US$7–10 (bars), US$2–4 (supermarkets)
Wine/Cocktails: US$12–20
Tap water: Free and safe to drink (often served automatically)
Transportation
Public transport (metro/tram/bus): US$3–4/ride (daily pass ~US$10)
Taxis: Expensive – short rides cost US$20–40
Intercity trains: Comfortable and scenic (Helsinki–Tampere ~US$25)
Bike rentals: US$5–10/day (seasonal)
Money-Saving Tips
Visit free museums like the Helsinki City Museum.
Take advantage of combo transport passes (regional + metro).
Eat lunch menus (“lounas”) at restaurants (weekday deals).
Explore Finland
Planning Your Trip
Best Time To Visit
Finland’s seasons vary dramatically, offering distinct experiences.
- Summer (June–August):
Midnight Sun (June–July): 24-hour daylight in Lapland; ideal for hiking, lakeside saunas, and festivals.
Mild temps (60–75°F / 15–24°C); pack layers for cool evenings.
Midsummer (late June): Major holiday—book accommodations early as many Finns retreat to cottages.
Mosquitoes are active (especially in Lapland)—bring repellent.
- Autumn (September–October):
Stunning fall foliage (ruska) in Lapland and national parks.
Fewer tourists, cooler temps (45–60°F / 7–15°C).
Northern Lights begin appearing in late September (best in the north).
- Winter (November–March):
Snow & Northern Lights: Prime time for aurora viewing (best in Lapland, December–February).
Freezing temps (14–32°F / -10–0°C); pack thermal wear.
Christmas markets (December): Helsinki and Rovaniemi (Santa’s hometown) are magical.
Ice hotels, husky safaris, and ski resorts in full swing.
- Spring (April–May):
Melting snow, longer days; ideal for city breaks (Helsinki, Turku).
Easter traditions (Finnish chocolate eggs!) and quieter travel.
Tip: For Northern Lights, visit Lapland in winter; for outdoor adventures, choose summer.
Local Customs And Etiquette
Respect for Nature: Finns are passionate about their environment; treat nature and wildlife with respect.
Tipping: Not customary in Finland; however, rounding up the bill or leaving a small tip is appreciated.
Sauna Etiquette: When visiting a sauna, it’s common to go in without clothes. Always shower first.
Dress Code: Casual for sightseeing, though smart-casual is preferred in upscale restaurants.
Quietness: Finns value silence and calm, so be respectful of quiet spaces like public transport and nature.
Budgeting For Your Trip
Finland offers a range of options, from affordable accommodations to luxury experiences.
Accommodation: Hostels ($40–80), hotels ($120–250), luxury ($300+).
Food: Street food ($10–20), casual dining ($20–40), fine dining ($60+).
Transport: Public transport ($3–5 per ride), bike rentals ($15–25/day).
Activities: Museum entrances ($10–20), Northern Lights tours ($50–200).
Daily Budget:
Budget: $90–150 (hostels, casual food, public transport).
Mid-range: $200–350 (hotels, local dining, activities).
Luxury: $400+ (spa resorts, fine dining, private tours).
Internet & Mobile
Free Wi-Fi: Available in most cafes, hotels, and public transport stations.
SIM Cards: Prepaid SIM cards (e.g., Telia, DNA) are available at stores and airports. Expect to pay around $20–40 for a 10GB plan.
eSIMs: Available from major providers, such as Airalo.
Travel Insurance
Recommended for: Coverage for medical expenses, trip cancellations, and winter sports injuries.
Finland’s Healthcare System: High-quality, but expensive for non-EU citizens. Ensure your travel insurance covers medical emergencies.
Adventure Activities: If planning activities like snowmobiling, check if your insurance covers winter sports and outdoor adventures.
Accomodation Options
From luxurious resorts to cozy cabins, Finland has a variety of accommodation options to suit all tastes.
- Hotels:
Luxury: Hotel Kämp (Helsinki), Arctic TreeHouse Hotel (Rovaniemi).
Mid-range: Radisson Blu, Scandic Hotels (various locations).
Budget: Hostel Diana Park (Helsinki), City Hostel Tampere.
- Cabins and Cottages:
Rent a traditional Finnish lakeside cabin for a peaceful getaway. Options available in Lapland, the Lakeland region, and beyond.
- Airbnb/VRBO:
Perfect for families or groups; many listings in Helsinki, Turku, or rural areas.
- Unique Stays:
Igloo Hotels: Glass Igloos in Lapland offer an unforgettable experience to view the Northern Lights from your bed.
Sauna Experiences: Stay at places that offer traditional Finnish saunas.
Getting Around
Finland’s excellent public transport network and scenic routes make travel easy.
Trains:
- The Finnish railway network is efficient and connects major cities like Helsinki, Tampere, and Rovaniemi.
- VR trains offer comfortable travel and scenic views, with fast connections between cities.
Buses:
- Intercity buses are reliable and affordable, serving both urban and rural areas.
- Helsinki’s public transport system includes trams, buses, and ferries.
Biking:
- Finland has an extensive network of bike paths, especially in cities like Helsinki and Turku.
- Bike rentals available throughout major cities and national parks.
Taxis/Rideshares:
- Uber is available in larger cities. Otherwise, local taxis are common, especially in the cities.
Car Rental:
- Renting a car is ideal for exploring rural areas and Lapland.
- Winter driving requires caution due to snowy conditions.
Handy Tips
Finland uses the Euro (€). Bills come in €5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, and €500 denominations; coins include 1¢, 2¢, 5¢, 10¢, 20¢, 50¢, €1, and €2.
Exchanging Currency: Avoid airport exchange kiosks (high fees). Use ATMs (“Otto” in Finnish) or banks for better rates.
Using Cards: Credit/debit cards (Visa, Mastercard) are widely accepted, even for small purchases. Carry some cash for rural areas or markets.
Tipping Etiquette: Tipping is not expected but appreciated for exceptional service.
Restaurants/Bars: Round up the bill or leave 5–10%.
Taxis: Round up to the nearest euro.
Hotel Staff: Optional €1–2 for porters/housekeeping.
Finnish and Swedish are official languages, but English is widely spoken. Helpful phrases:
“Kiitos” (Thank you)
“Missä on lähin juna-asema?” (Where’s the nearest train station?)
“Paljonko tämä maksaa?” (How much does this cost?)
Pro Tip: Finns value personal space and silence—small talk is minimal.
Finland is one of the safest countries globally, but stay alert in crowded areas (e.g., Helsinki Central Station).
- Emergency Contacts:
112: All emergencies (police, medical, fire).
Your Embassy: Helsinki hosts many (e.g., U.S. Embassy in Kaivopuisto).
Finland uses 230V/50Hz with Type F plugs (two round pins). International visitors will need an adapter; converters are rarely needed for modern electronics.
Tap water is safe to drink (among the cleanest globally). Restaurants serve free tap water—ask for “vesi” (water).
Major closures on:
1 Jan: New Year’s Day
6 Jan: Epiphany
Good Friday & Easter Monday (March/April)
1 May: Vappu (May Day)
Midsummer Eve/Day (late June, major travel disruption)
6 Dec: Independence Day
24–26 Dec: Christmas
Note: Museums/shops may close early on holidays like Midsummer.
Stores: Typically 9:00–21:00 (shorter hours on weekends).
Pharmacies: “Apteekki” (some 24/7 in cities).
Markets: Helsinki’s Kauppatori (Market Square) for fresh fish/berries.
Karjalanpiirakka: Traditional Karelian pasty filled with rice porridge and egg butter.
Kalakukko: Fish pie made with fish, pork, and bacon, wrapped in a dense rye crust.
Leipäjuusto: Finnish squeaky cheese, often served warm with cloudberry jam.
Ruisleipä: Dense, dark rye bread, typically enjoyed with butter or cheese.
Makkara: Finnish sausages, often grilled at summer festivals or in the sauna.
Lihapulla: Finnish meatballs, commonly served with mashed potatoes and lingonberry jam.
Mustikkapiirakka: Blueberry pie made with a buttery crust, perfect for summer.
Salmiakki: Finnish salty licorice—an acquired taste for those brave enough to try it.
Pulla: Sweet, spiced bun flavored with cardamom, typically served with coffee.
Runebergintorttu: A Finnish pastry with almonds, raspberry jam, and icing, named after the national poet.
Alcoholic:
Sahti: A traditional Finnish beer, brewed with juniper berries and flavored with rye.
Koskenkorva: A popular Finnish vodka, known for its smoothness and often mixed with a variety of flavors.
Sima: A homemade sparkling drink made from lemons, sugar, and yeast, often enjoyed during May Day celebrations.
Karhu: Finland’s famous lager—smooth, crisp, and refreshing.
Salmiakki Koskenkorva: A unique Finnish vodka flavored with salty licorice.
Non-Alcoholic:
Lemonade: Often homemade, made from fresh lemons and a splash of sugar, perfect on a summer day.
Berry Juices: Finland’s abundance of wild berries means there are a variety of refreshing berry juices available.
Kahvi: Finnish coffee, strong and black, served throughout the day with a pastry.
Mehu: A traditional Finnish fruit juice made from a variety of berries, often served chilled.
Herbal Teas: Finns love their herbal teas, particularly ones made from berries or herbs like mint and nettle.
Suomenlinna: A UNESCO World Heritage site, this sea fortress is a must-see for history buffs.
The Finnish Sauna: Experience the Finnish tradition of sauna, an essential part of Finnish culture.
National Museum of Finland: A cultural treasure trove, showcasing Finnish history and heritage.
Aalto’s Architecture: Explore the works of renowned Finnish architect Alvar Aalto, who defined Finnish modernism.
Lapland Indigenous Culture: Discover the Sami people’s way of life, their reindeer herding traditions, and their stunning Arctic culture.
Finnish Folklore: Delve into ancient tales and legends through the Finnish epic, the Kalevala.
Sauna Culture: Not just a bath, but a place for relaxation, meditation, and social bonding in Finnish life.
Helsinki’s Design District: A hub for art lovers, with galleries, boutiques, and design studios.
Finnish Ice Swimming: Brave the frozen waters and emerge with a sense of accomplishment.
Midsummer Festival: One of Finland’s most celebrated holidays, with bonfires and traditional dancing to celebrate the summer solstice.
Northern Lights: Finland is one of the best places to witness the breathtaking Aurora Borealis.
Winter Sports: Skiing and snowboarding are popular in Finnish Lapland and the many ski resorts.
Helsinki Archipelago: Explore the hundreds of islands surrounding Helsinki by boat or kayak.
Summer Cruises: Take a relaxing boat cruise through the Finnish Archipelago.
Santa Claus Village: Meet Santa in Rovaniemi, located right on the Arctic Circle.
Finnish National Opera: Catch a world-class performance in Helsinki’s beautiful opera house.
Rovaniemi: Experience the magic of Christmas all year round in the Arctic Circle.
Helsinki Design Week: A week-long celebration of design, architecture, and culture.
Finnish Folk Music: Attend a folk music festival, and experience Finland’s traditional tunes and instruments.
Cycling in Finland: Finland’s extensive network of cycling trails makes it perfect for a scenic bike tour.
Trillby & Chadwick: A sophisticated cocktail bar in Helsinki, known for its unique creations.
Ateljee Bar: A rooftop bar offering panoramic views of Helsinki and inventive cocktails.
Mbar: A trendy spot with cocktails and a lively atmosphere, popular for both locals and tourists.
Punk Club: Helsinki’s renowned nightclub, perfect for an exciting night out.
Kallio District: Known for its eclectic mix of bars, from dive bars to chic speakeasies.
The Cock: A stylish cocktail bar serving up creative drinks in a modern setting.
Bar Loose: A cozy spot for live music, popular among Helsinki’s indie scene.
Siltanen: A cool, industrial-style bar with great DJs and cocktails, located in the Kallio district.
Elit Bar: A classic Helsinki bar, perfect for tasting Finnish spirits and local brews.
Bierstube: A great beer hall in Helsinki serving local Finnish beers and traditional bar snacks.