BHUTAN

Bhutan, the Land of the Thunder Dragon, nestled in the Himalayas, is a mystical kingdom renowned for its commitment to Gross National Happiness. A land of ancient monasteries, stunning landscapes, and vibrant culture, it offers a truly unique and spiritual journey.

Region: South Asia (Eastern Himalayas)

Capital: Thimphu

Official Language: Dzongkha

Level of Travel Safety: Bhutan is considered very safe for travelers, with low crime rates. Normal security precautions are advised.

Map of Asia with Bhutan highlighted

Why Visit Bhutan?

Cliffside Marvels: Hike to the breathtaking Tiger’s Nest Monastery, perched 3,000 feet above the Paro Valley.

Living Buddhism: Witness sacred rituals, spinning prayer wheels, and chants echoing from hillside temples.

Festivals in Full Color: Join a tsechu festival to see masked dancers, monks in flowing robes, and communal celebrations.

Bhutanese monastery with traditional architecture

Pristine Nature: Explore Himalayan landscapes, lush valleys, and national parks teeming with unique flora and fauna.

Architectural Harmony: Admire fortress-like dzongs and traditional homes, untouched by high-rises or neon signs.

Mindful Travel: With its low-impact tourism model, Bhutan invites deep, unhurried exploration that enriches both traveler and host.

Colorful statues of deities

Essential Trip Information

All nationalities (except citizens of India, Bangladesh, and the Maldives) require a visa to enter Bhutan.

Tourists must book through a licensed Bhutanese tour operator or international partner.

A Sustainable Development Fee (SDF) of US$100/day per adult is mandatory.

Apply and learn more via Bhutan’s official immigration portal: https://www.bhutan.travel/visa

Your passport must be valid for at least 6 months beyond your travel dates.

Visas are approved upon full payment to your tour operator and are issued electronically.

  • The official currency is the Ngultrum (Nu.), pegged to the Indian Rupee (₹).

  • US$1 ≈ Nu. 83 (exchange rates may vary).

Best Ways to Handle Currency

  • Before Your Trip: Bring some USD cash; major currencies are accepted for exchange.

  • During Your Trip: ATMs are available in major towns (Thimphu, Paro), but cash is king in rural areas.

  • Cards: Credit/debit cards are accepted at upscale hotels and a few restaurants.

  • Avoid: Relying on ATMs in remote areas or expecting card acceptance everywhere.

Dzongkha is the national language. English is widely spoken, especially by guides and in tourism.

Helpful phrases:

  • Kuzu zangpo la = Hello
  • Kadrinche la = Thank you

Bhutan is one of the safest countries in the world.

Crime is extremely rare, but petty theft can happen in tourist spots.

Emergency numbers:

  • Police: 113
  • Ambulance: 112

No vaccines are required, but routine vaccinations (e.g., tetanus, hepatitis A) are recommended.

Travel insurance is strongly recommended, especially for trekking.

Medical facilities are basic outside Thimphu.

Tap water is not potable—use bottled or boiled water.

Domestic Flights: Druk Air and Bhutan Airlines operate Paro–Bumthang and other short hops.

Roads: Scenic but winding; allow extra time for drives.

Walking/Trekking: Trails are well-maintained; porters/guides are essential for longer treks.

Car/Driver: Most visitors have a dedicated car and driver included in their tour.

Bhutan is relatively expensive due to the SDF, but much is included in tour packages.

Accommodation

  • Budget guesthouses: US$40–70/night

  • Mid-range hotels: US$100–150/night

  • Luxury resorts: US$300+/night

Food

  • Local restaurants: US$5–10/meal

  • Tourist-oriented cafes: US$15–25/person

  • High-end hotel dining: US$30–60+/person

Drinks

  • Local beer (Red Panda, Druk 11000): US$2–4

  • Imported wine: US$8–15/glass

Transportation

  • Most tours include private car & driver.

  • Local buses are available but not recommended for short-term visitors.

Money-Saving Tips

  • Travel with a group to split fixed tour costs.

  • Visit during off-peak seasons (Jan–Feb, Jun–Aug) for discounted SDF rates.

  • Stick to local eateries for hearty meals under US$10.

Explore Bhutan

Perched precariously on a cliffside, this iconic monastery is Bhutan’s most famous landmark. It’s located in the Paro Valley, accessible via a challenging yet rewarding hike.

The capital city of Bhutan, Thimphu is a unique blend of tradition and modernity, without traffic lights! It’s located in the western central part of the country, nestled in a valley.

Once the ancient capital, known for its stunning Punakha Dzong at the confluence of two rivers and lush countryside views.

Considered the spiritual heartland of Bhutan, this region comprises four wide valleys with numerous ancient temples and monasteries. It’s located in central-eastern Bhutan.

A vast, U-shaped glacial valley known for its scenic beauty and as a winter home for the endangered Black-necked Cranes. It’s located in central Bhutan, within the Wangdue Phodrang District.

A relatively untouched and serene valley offering pristine natural beauty, traditional villages, and rich cultural experiences. It’s located in the western part of Bhutan, close to the Indian border.

The largest dzong fortress in Bhutan, strategically built on a spur overlooking the Mangde Chhu river. It’s located in central Bhutan, serving as a historical seat of power.

One of the highest motorable passes in Bhutan, offering breathtaking panoramic views of the Himalayas and the valleys below. It’s located between the Haa Valley and Paro Valley.

Famous for its 108 chortens and panoramic mountain views—often shrouded in mist, lending a mystical feel.

A culturally rich district known for intricate kushutara weaving, mountain monasteries, and untouched landscapes.

Smart Travel

Key Advantages:

  • Lowest Prices
  • Fewer Crowds
  • Lush Green Landscapes
  • Authentic Local Vibe
  • Unique Photography Opportunities (misty mornings, vibrant greens)

Main Drawbacks:

  • Heavy Rainfall
  • Higher Humidity
  • Limited Outdoor Activities (especially trekking)
  • Potential Road Closures (due to landslides)
  • Cloudy Skies (obscuring mountain views)

Key Regions:

  • Thimphu: Explore indoor cultural sites and museums.
  • Paro: Visit the dzongs and experience local life.
  • Punakha: Enjoy the warmer climate and beautiful valley.
  • Bumthang: Experiences less rainfall, making it a good option.

Key Advantages:

  • Ideal Weather
  • Manageable Crowds
  • Reasonable Prices
  • Festivals & Events (Tshechus)
  • Blooming Landscapes (Spring) & Autumn Colors (Autumn)

Main Drawbacks:

  • Spring Mud Season (early spring)
  • Unpredictable Weather (can still have showers)
  • Some Crowds for Festivals
  • Higher Demand for Flights and Accommodation

Key Regions:

  • Paro: Perfect for hiking to Tiger’s Nest and attending Paro Tshechu.
  • Thimphu: Experience vibrant Thimphu Tshechu in autumn.
  • Punakha: Enjoy pleasant weather for exploring its majestic Dzong.
  • Gangtey (Phobjikha Valley): Witness blooming rhododendrons in spring or clear skies in autumn.
  • Bumthang: Excellent for trekking and exploring cultural heartland.
  • Autumn (October – November): Clear skies, pleasant temperatures, and major festivals.
  • Spring (March – April): Beautiful blooming landscapes and cultural events.

Planning Your Trip

Respecting local customs is crucial in Bhutan due to its strong cultural and religious identity.

Dress Code: Modest dress is essential, especially when visiting temples, monasteries, and dzongs. Shoulders and knees should be covered. Remove hats when entering religious sites.

Greetings: A simple “Kuzuzangpo la” (hello) is appreciated.

Monasteries and Dzongs: Walk clockwise around stupas and prayer wheels. Do not point your feet at religious objects or people. Photography may be restricted in certain areas.

Tipping: Not mandatory but appreciated for guides and drivers at the end of your trip (US$10–20 per day for guides, US$5–10 per day for drivers).

Politics: Avoid discussing sensitive political topics.

Gift Giving: If giving gifts, offer them with both hands.

Bhutan has a unique tourism policy requiring a daily minimum sustainable development fee (SDF) for most tourists.

Daily Minimum Package (SDF + other costs):

  • Peak Season (March-May, September-November): US$250 per person per night (includes SDF, accommodation, meals, guide, transport).
  • Low Season (June-August, December-February): US$200 per person per night (includes SDF, accommodation, meals, guide, transport).
  • Note: The SDF component is US$100 per person per night.

Additional Costs (not included in package):

  • Flights: International flights to and from Paro are separate (e.g., from Bangkok, Kathmandu, Delhi).
  • Alcohol & Beverages: Not typically included in your package.
  • Souvenirs: Varies greatly based on personal spending.
  • Tips: As mentioned above, for guides and drivers.
  • Personal Expenses: Laundry, phone calls, etc.

Daily Budget:

  • Inclusive: Your daily package covers most major expenses.
  • Extra Spending: Budget an additional US$50–100 per day for personal expenses, souvenirs, and drinks.

Connectivity in Bhutan is generally available in towns, but can be limited in remote areas.

Free Wi-Fi: Available in most hotels, guesthouses, and some cafes in larger towns.

SIM Cards: Readily available at Paro International Airport or local telecom offices (Bhutan Telecom, TashiCell). Prepaid plans are affordable (US$5–20 for data).

eSIMs: Availability varies; check with your provider before travel.

Travel insurance is highly recommended for all visitors to Bhutan.

Recommended for: Medical emergencies, trip cancellations, delays, and baggage loss.

Medical Coverage: Ensure your policy covers medical evacuation, especially if you plan to trek at high altitudes.

Adventure Activities: If you plan on trekking or other adventure activities, confirm these are covered by your policy.

Bhutan’s accommodation ranges from comfortable hotels to luxurious resorts, all of which must meet government-mandated standards.

Luxury:

  • High-end resorts: Amankora (multiple locations), Uma by COMO, Paro.
  • Known for: Exceptional service, stunning views, and unique cultural experiences.

Mid-range:

  • Boutique hotels: Zhiwa Ling Heritage (Paro), Le Méridien Thimphu.
  • Standard hotels: Many government-approved hotels in major towns offer comfortable stays.
  • Cost: Included in your daily tariff.

Farm Stays:

  • Authentic experience: Stay with local families in traditional farmhouses for a glimpse into rural Bhutanese life.
  • Booking: Usually arranged through your tour operator.

Tip: Accommodation is typically pre-arranged and included in your daily minimum tariff.

Transportation within Bhutan is primarily by road, as there are no domestic flights for tourists.

Private Car with Driver:

  • Recommended: This is the most common and highly recommended way to travel around Bhutan, usually arranged through your tour operator. This offers flexibility and comfort.
  • Cost: Typically included in your daily tariff.

Buses:

  • Public buses: Available for longer distances between major towns but are slow, often crowded, and not generally recommended for tourists due to the difficulty in navigating and time constraints.
  • Cost: Very cheap (US$5–20 for longer routes) but inconvenient for tourists.

Taxis:

  • Short rides: Available within towns like Thimphu and Paro. Fares are negotiable (US$3–10 for short distances).
  • Not suitable for inter-district travel.

Motorbikes:

  • Limited options: Some tour operators offer motorbike tours, but self-riding is generally not permitted or recommended due to challenging road conditions and regulations.

Bold Recommendation: The private car with an experienced driver arranged through your tour operator is the most efficient and recommended way to explore Bhutan.

Handy Tips

Bhutan uses the Bhutanese Ngultrum (Nu.), which is pegged to the Indian Rupee (₹). Indian Rupees (₹) are also widely accepted.

  • Exchange Rate: US$1 ≈ Nu.83 (as of mid-2025).

  • Exchanging Currency: Avoid exchanging at airports or hotels. Use local banks or ATMs in towns like Thimphu or Paro for the best rates.

  • Using Cards: Credit cards (Visa/Mastercard) are accepted in higher-end hotels, shops, and restaurants, but cash is essential in rural areas and markets.

  • Tipping Etiquette: Not obligatory but increasingly appreciated, especially in tourism.

    • Restaurants/Bars: Round up the bill or add ~10%.

    • Taxis/Drivers: Not required, but round up for good service.

    • Hotel Staff: Nu.100–200 (US$1–2) for porters; same per day for housekeeping.

    • Tour Guides: US$10–15 per person/day for group tours; more for private guides.

Dzongkha is the official language, but English is widely spoken in tourist-facing areas and by guides.

Helpful phrases:

  • “Kuzu zangpo la” (Hello)

  • “Nga ming…” (My name is…)

  • “Gaday bay zhui?” (How much is it?)

  • “Thank you”: “Kadrin chhey la”

Pro Tip: Learning a few Dzongkha greetings goes a long way in rural villages and monasteries.

Bhutan is one of the safest countries in the world with low crime rates.

Stay aware of altitude-related fatigue in places like Bumthang or Dochula.

Watch your step during temple visits or hikes—some trails are steep or rocky.

Emergency Contacts:

  • 112: Police
  • 113: Fire
  • 112 (again): Ambulance services
  • Embassy: Most countries do not have embassies in Bhutan; use your consulate in India if needed.

Bhutan uses 230V/50Hz with Type D, F, and G plugs (similar to India and UK).

Bring a universal adapter.

Voltage converters are not needed for most electronics (phones, laptops, cameras).

Tap water is not recommended for drinking. Locals boil it, but visitors should:

Drink bottled or filtered water.

Most hotels provide boiled or filtered water on request.

Avoid ice in remote areas unless verified.

Bhutan celebrates many Tsechus (masked dance festivals) and Buddhist holidays. National closures may occur.

  • Jan 2: Winter Solstice (Nyilo)

  • Feb/March: Punakha Tsechu

  • Feb 21–23: King’s Birthday (closures likely)

  • April/May: Paro Tsechu (spectacular!)

  • July: Lord Buddha’s First Sermon

  • Oct/Nov: Thimphu Tsechu

  • Dec 17: National Day

Note: Festival dates vary with the lunar calendar. Book early for Paro and Thimphu Tsechus!

Stores: 10:00–20:00, often earlier in smaller towns.

Markets: Early morning till late afternoon (e.g., Centenary Farmers Market in Thimphu).

Handicraft Shops: Many are closed on Sundays.

Pharmacies: Open daily but may close early evening.

Ema Datshi: Bhutan’s iconic spicy chili and cheese stew.

Phaksha Paa: Pork cooked with radishes and dried chilies.

Jasha Maru: Spicy chicken stew with ginger and tomato.

Shakam Datshi: Dried beef with cheese and chili.

Suja (Butter Tea): Made from yak butter, salt, and tea—acquired taste!

Red Rice: Nutty Bhutanese staple, often served with all meals.

Momos: Steamed dumplings filled with meat or vegetables (don’t miss the cheese ones).

Buckwheat Pancakes: Traditional food in Bumthang.

Khuli: Soft buckwheat flatbread, perfect with stews.

Zow Shungo: Dish made from leftover rice and veggies—delicious and eco-friendly!

Alcoholic Drinks

  • Ara: Locally brewed rice spirit, often homemade (strong!).

  • Red Panda Beer: Brewed in Bumthang, creamy and rich.

  • Druk 11000: Strong local lager, popular nationwide.

  • Takin Lager: Light and crisp Bhutanese beer.

  • Bangchang: Mild, home-brewed millet beer (try during festivals).

  • Bhutan Wine: Local wines from fruits like wild apple or peach.

  • K5 Whisky: Premium Bhutanese whisky blended with Scotch malts.

  • Bhutan Highland Whisky: More affordable but smooth.

  • Black Mountain Rum: Local rum option.

Non-Alcoholic Drinks

  • Butter Tea (Suja): As noted above, creamy and salty.

  • Bhutanese Herbal Tea: Infused with lemongrass or medicinal herbs.

  • Sweet Milk Tea (Ngaja): Served at breakfast or with snacks.

  • Fresh Apple Juice: Especially in Bumthang and Paro.

  • Boiled Water with Lemon: A local post-hike ritual.

Tiger’s Nest Monastery (Paro Taktsang): Spiritual, unforgettable.

Punakha Dzong: Stunning riverside fortress.

Tashichho Dzong: Thimphu’s government and religious hub.

Chimi Lhakhang: “Fertility temple” with fascinating traditions.

Buddha Dordenma: Giant golden Buddha overlooking Thimphu.

Gangtey Valley: Black-necked cranes + peaceful monasteries.

Jakar Dzong: Fortress of the White Bird in Bumthang.

Drukgyel Dzong: Historic ruins with views of Jomolhari.

Khamsum Yulley Chorten: A hike-worthy spiritual tower in Punakha.

Rinpung Dzong: Hosts the Paro Tsechu, steeped in history.

Hot Stone Baths: Traditional spa with herbs and heated river stones.

Archery Matches: Bhutan’s national sport—watch or join locals!

Weekend Market in Thimphu: Cultural experience, crafts + food.

Paro Taktsang Hike: Rewarding, scenic hike to the famed Tiger’s Nest Monastery.

Royal Textile Academy: See Bhutanese weaving in action.

Folk Heritage Museum (Thimphu): Rustic Bhutanese farmhouse tour.

Changlimithang Stadium: Archery + football events.

Dochula Pass (10,000+ ft): 108 chortens + panoramic views.

Traditional Masked Dances: Often during Tsechus—colorful and spiritual.

Cultural Performances: Ask your hotel for folk dance night options.

Vivacity Nightclub (Thimphu): Lively, modern vibe with DJs.

Mojo Park: Thimphu’s best live music venue for local bands.

Space 34: Funky club with cocktails and pop music in Thimphu.

Cloud 9 Café & Bar: Cozy rooftop with views and cocktails.

Ambient Café: Coffee, conversations, and occasional jazz.

Craft Bazaar (Thimphu): Handmade souvenirs + artisan works.

Ozone Lounge: Casual bar scene, pool tables and karaoke.

TashiCell Rooftop Events: Ask locals—occasional live shows.

Local Archery Fields: Open to spectators and sometimes visitors.

Weekend Movie Theatres: Bollywood and Dzongkha films—fun night out.