AZERBAIJAN

Welcome to Azerbaijan, the Land of Fire! Nestled at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, this captivating country boasts a rich tapestry of ancient history and breathtaking landscapes. From the Caspian Sea shores to the Caucasus Mountains, experience a unique blend of cultures.

Region: Caucasus (partially Eastern Europe and Western Asia)

Capital: Baku

Official Language: Azerbaijani

Level of Travel Safety: Exercise increased caution due to the threat of terrorism and regional tensions, particularly near the Armenian border. Avoid traveling to the border areas and former Nagorno-Karabakh region due to landmines.

A map of Asia with Azerbaijan highlighted in green.

Why Visit Azerbaijan?

Cultural Crossroads: A blend of Turkic, Persian, Soviet, and Islamic influences gives Azerbaijan a rich and unique identity.

Baku’s Old & New: Explore the medieval Icherisheher (Old City) and contrast it with the modern Flame Towers and ultra-contemporary museums.

Casual Luxury on the Caspian: Relax along Baku’s seaside promenade with affordable spa hotels and seafood dining.

A cityscape at night with illuminated skyscrapers and a distinctive, ring-shaped building reflected in the water.

Natural Wonders: Visit mud volcanoes, fire mountains like Yanar Dag, and hike lush Caucasus valleys near Lahij or Sheki.

Historic Silk Road Towns: Wander Sheki’s khan palaces, caravanserais, and charming cobbled lanes.

Cuisine: Dig into rich dishes like dolma, piti stew, and lavash bread, with a glass of local pomegranate wine or tea.

A serene lake surrounded by dense green forest, with reflections on the water's surface.

Essential Trip Information

 eVisa available for most nationalities (single-entry, 30 days, US$25). Apply at Azerbaijan’s official e-Visa portal.

Visa-free entry for citizens of Türkiye, UAE, Russia, and select others (check Azerbaijan’s immigration site).

Passports must be valid for 3+ months beyond stay.

Border note: Avoid travel to Nagorno-Karabakh (disputed zone) or near Armenia border—entry may be denied.

  • Currency: Azerbaijani Manat (₼), but US$ is often accepted in hotels and tour services.

  • Exchange rate (approx.): 1 US$ = 1.7 AZN

Best Ways to Handle Currency

  • Before Your Trip: Bring some US$ or EUR for exchange. Major cities have reliable currency exchanges.

  • During Your Trip: Use ATMs in Baku (found in banks, malls). Credit cards accepted in urban areas but carry ₼50–₼100 cash for rural travel.

  • What to Avoid: Black-market exchanges and out-of-service ATMs in remote towns.

Azerbaijan is relatively affordable, especially outside Baku.

Accommodation

  • Budget: Hostels/guesthouses (US$15–30/night)

  • Mid-range: Boutique hotels (US$40–80/night)

  • Luxury: 4–5 star hotels (US$120–300+/night)

Food

  • Street food/local cafes: US$3–6

  • Sit-down meals: US$10–20/person

  • Fine dining in Baku: US$40+/person

Drinks

  • Local beer: US$1.5–3

  • Wine: US$3–7/glass

  • Coffee: US$1–2.5

Transportation

  • Metro/bus in Baku: US$0.20–0.50 (BakıKart needed)

  • Taxis: US$3–10 within Baku (use Bolt or Uber)

  • Intercity travel: Baku–Sheki by minibus or train (~US$5–15)

Money-Saving Tips

  • Eat at local “qutab” or “plov” stalls for cheap authentic meals.

  • Take the Baku Metro—fast, clean, and very inexpensive.

  • Visit free museums and open-air attractions, especially in the Old City.

Azerbaijani (Azeri) is the official language. Russian is widely understood, especially among older generations.

English is spoken in hotels and tourist areas but not common in rural regions.

Helpful phrases:

  • “Salam” = Hello
  • “Təşəkkürlər” = Thank you
  • “Haradadır…?” = Where is…?

Azerbaijan is generally safe for travelers. Violent crime is rare.

Exercise caution at night in unlit or isolated areas.

Be aware of restricted zones near the Armenia border—avoid these due to political tensions.

Emergency number: 102 (police), 103 (ambulance)

No special vaccinations are required.

Tap water is safe in Baku but bottled water is recommended in rural areas.

Pharmacies are widely available in cities.

Travel insurance is highly recommended due to private healthcare costs.

Metro: Baku has an efficient metro system; fares are low, stations are clean and safe.

Buses: Widespread and cheap, but signage is often in Azerbaijani only.

Walking/Biking: Baku’s seaside boulevard is perfect for walking; traffic can be chaotic elsewhere.

Taxis/Ride-sharing: Use Bolt or Uber for transparency and fair pricing.

Explore Azerbaijan

A UNESCO World Heritage site, this ancient walled city is the historical core of Baku. Wander through its narrow alleys to discover the Palace of the Shirvanshahs and the iconic Maiden Tower. It’s located in the heart of the capital city, Baku, on the Absheron Peninsula.

These three skyscraper towers dominate Baku’s skyline, shaped like tongues of flame, symbolizing Azerbaijan’s ancient ties to fire. At night, they light up with dazzling LED displays. They are prominently located in Baku, visible from many points across the city.

Home to over 6,000 ancient petroglyphs, this UNESCO site showcases prehistoric rock carvings depicting hunting scenes, human figures, and animals. It’s situated about 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Baku, near the Caspian Sea.

A natural eternal flame burning on a hillside due to natural gas seepage. This mesmerizing sight has burned continuously for centuries, even through rain and snow. It’s located on the Absheron Peninsula, a short drive northeast of Baku.

A historical temple resembling a castle, once a Zoroastrian and Hindu place of worship. Natural gas vents beneath the complex fuel its eternal flames. It’s found on the Absheron Peninsula, about 20 miles (30 km) east of Baku.

A charming city nestled in the Greater Caucasus Mountains, famous for its Silk Road history and the magnificent Palace of Shaki Khans, known for its intricate stained-glass windows. Sheki is located in northwestern Azerbaijan, approximately 180 miles (290 km) from Baku.

This stunning mountain lake, surrounded by lush forests, is one of Azerbaijan’s most picturesque natural attractions. Its clear blue waters offer a tranquil escape. It’s located in western Azerbaijan, near the city of Ganja, within the Goygol National Park.

A historic mountain village known for its traditional copperware craftsmanship and ancient stone houses. Walking through its cobbled streets feels like stepping back in time. Lahij is nestled in the Ismayilli region of the Greater Caucasus Mountains, about 110 miles (180 km) northwest of Baku.

A scenic region known for its apple orchards, beautiful carpets, and the unique Mountain Jewish village of Krasnaya Sloboda. It serves as a gateway to the stunning northern Caucasus mountains. Quba is located in northern Azerbaijan, approximately 100 miles (160 km) north of Baku.

An exclave of Azerbaijan, offering a distinct cultural experience with its ancient mausoleums, natural wonders like the Alinjachay Khanate fortress, and unique historical sites. It is separated from the main part of Azerbaijan by Armenia, bordered by Turkey, Iran, and Armenia.

Smart Travel

Key Advantages:

  • Lowest Prices
  • Fewer Crowds
  • Authentic Local Vibe
  • Winter Sports (excluding peak)
  • Cozy Atmosphere

Main Drawbacks:

  • Cold Temperatures (can drop to 30ºF / -1ºC in Baku, much colder in mountains)
  • Shorter Days
  • Limited Outdoor Activities (non-ski)
  • Some closures
  • Increased rainfall, especially in November

Key Regions:

  • Baku: Experience the city’s charm without the crowds, enjoy indoor attractions.
  • Shahdag & Tufandag: Ideal for skiing and snowboarding enthusiasts with modern resorts.
  • Guba: Offers snowy landscapes and a quieter escape for winter scenery.
  • Lankaran: Milder winter temperatures, good for exploring the southern tea regions.

Key Advantages:

  • Ideal Weather (temperatures ranging from 39ºF / 4ºC to 79ºF / 26ºC)
  • Manageable Crowds
  • Reasonable Prices
  • Festivals & Events (Novruz in Spring, Pomegranate Festival in Autumn)
  • Blooming Landscapes (Spring) & Autumn Colors (Autumn)

Main Drawbacks:

  • Spring Mud Season (especially in mountainous areas after snowmelt)
  • Unpredictable Weather (Spring/Autumn can have occasional rain showers)
  • Some popular spots may be more crowded during festivals.
  • November sees increased rainfall, especially in the south.

Key Regions:

  • Baku & Absheron Peninsula: Perfect for exploring historical sites and natural phenomena like Yanar Dag.
  • Sheki: Enjoy the Silk Road history and stunning architecture in pleasant weather.
  • Goygol National Park: Witness the vibrant autumn colors or spring blooms around the picturesque lake.
  • Ganja: Experience the ancient city’s cultural heritage in comfortable temperatures.
  • Lankaran & Astara: Explore tea plantations and lush southern landscapes without intense summer heat.
  • Mid-Summer (June-August)
  • Christmas and New Year Holiday Period
  • Peak Ski Season (January)

Planning Your Trip

Hospitality: Azeris are warm and generous—accept tea and fruit when offered.

Tipping: 5–10% in restaurants is appreciated; US$1–2 for hotel staff.

Dress Code: Casual in Baku, more conservative in rural areas. Cover shoulders and knees when visiting mosques.

Language: Russian and Azerbaijani are common; English is spoken in Baku tourist areas.

Photography: Ask before photographing people, especially in villages.

Accommodation:

  • Budget: US$20–40 (hostels, guesthouses)
  • Mid-range: US$60–120 (boutique hotels)
  • Luxury: US$200+ (international chains, resorts)

Food:

  • Street food: US$3–7 (qutab, doner kebab)
  • Restaurants: US$10–25 for local dishes
  • Fine dining: US$40–80+

Transport:

  • Metro/taxis: US$1–6/day
  • Intercity travel: Buses ~US$5–15; trains US$10–30
  • Driver for day trip: ~US$50–70/day

Activities:

  • Entry to historical sites: US$2–10
  • Guided tours (Gobustan, mud volcanoes): US$25–50

Daily Budget:

  • Budget: US$60–90 (hostel, local food, public transport)
  • Mid-range: US$130–180 (boutique stays, restaurants, guided trips)
  • Luxury: US$300+ (premium stays, private tours)

Free Wi-Fi: Common in cafes, malls, and hotels in Baku.

SIM Cards: Azercell, Bakcell, and Nar offer prepaid plans (~US$10–15 for 10GB).

eSIMs: Supported by Airalo and Nomad; reliable in urban areas.

Recommended for: Health emergencies and flight cancellations—especially when traveling to remote areas.

Medical care: Decent in Baku; limited in rural zones. Private clinics recommended.

Adventure activities: Mountain hikes, off-road driving—ensure coverage.

Azerbaijan offers everything from boutique hotels in old towns to mountain homestays.

Luxury:

  • City: Four Seasons Baku, Fairmont Flame Towers.
  • Countryside: Pik Palace (Shahdag ski resort).

Mid-range:

  • Boutique: Shah Palace Hotel (Baku), MinAli Boutique Hotel (Sheki).
  • Guesthouses: Shaki Saray Hotel, Guba Shahdag Hotel.

Budget:

  • Hostels: Sahil Hostel & Hotel (Baku), Old Town Hostel.
  • Family-run stays: ~US$15–30/night in towns like Lahij or Qabala.

Unique Stays:

  • Caravanserais: Sheki Karvansaray Hotel.
  • Mountain village stays: Khinaliq and Lahij offer traditional guesthouses.

Tip: Book accommodations in Sheki and mountain villages in advance during summer and public holidays.

Transport in Azerbaijan is developing fast—public options exist, but private transport often offers better flexibility.

Trains:

  • Routes: Baku–Ganja (modern sleeper train), Baku–Sheki (overnight scenic journey).
  • Classes: SV (private cabin), Kupé (4-berth), Platzkart (open-plan).
  • Tickets: Book early during holidays; Baku–Ganja ~US$10–30 depending on class.

Buses & Marshrutkas (Minibuses):

  • Inexpensive and frequent, connecting most towns (US$1–10).
  • Limited English signage—locals often help.

Taxis & Rideshare:

  • Use Bolt or Yandex Go for fair prices in Baku (~US$2–6).
  • For rural areas: hire a driver for ~US$50–70/day.

Car Rentals:

  • Available in Baku; roads vary in quality outside cities.
  • GPS is essential.
  • Expect ~US$40–60/day.

Domestic Flights:

  • Few routes (e.g., Baku–Nakhchivan) at ~US$50–80.

Bold Recommendation: Use rideshare apps in Baku and hire a driver for exploring regions like Sheki or Quba.

Handy Tips

Azerbaijan uses the Azerbaijani Manat (₼). Bills come in ₼1, ₼5, ₼10, ₼20, ₼50, ₼100, and ₼200 denominations; coins are in qəpik (1, 3, 5, 10, 20, and 50 qəpik).

  • Exchanging Currency: Avoid airport kiosks. Banks or ATMs (Visa and Mastercard-compatible) usually offer the best exchange rates.

  • Using Cards: Credit/debit cards are widely accepted in Baku and larger cities. Carry small cash for taxis, bazaars, and rural areas.

  • Tipping Etiquette: While not obligatory, tipping is appreciated in tourist settings.

    • Restaurants: 10–15% (check if service is already included).

    • Taxis: Round up or add 5–10%.

    • Hotel Staff: ₼1–₼2 per bag for porters; ₼3–₼5 per day for housekeeping.

    • Guides: ₼10–₼20 per person for full-day private tours.

The official language is Azerbaijani (Azeri), but Russian is still widely understood, especially among older generations. English is common in hotels, restaurants, and among younger locals.
Helpful phrases:

  • “Salam” – Hello

  • “Nə qədərdir?” – How much is it?

  • “İngiliscə danışırsınız?” – Do you speak English?

  • “Təşəkkür edirəm” – Thank you

Pro Tip: In rural areas, download Google Translate offline for Azeri or Russian. Learning a few basics goes a long way in hospitality here.

Azerbaijan is generally safe for travelers, but standard precautions apply. Be cautious with street taxis—use official ride apps like Bolt.

Emergency Contacts:

  • 112: All emergencies (police, medical, fire)
  • Your Embassy: Most foreign embassies are in Baku—save contact info.

Avoid walking alone late at night in poorly lit or isolated areas, especially outside Baku.

Azerbaijan uses 220V/50Hz with Type C and F plugs (two round pins). Bring a universal adapter. Most modern electronics (laptops, phones) don’t need a voltage converter.

Tap water in Baku is chlorinated but not recommended for drinking—use bottled water for safety.

Restaurants typically serve bottled water. Ask for “qazsız” (still) or “qazlı” (sparkling).

Some attractions and businesses may close on these dates:

  • 1 Jan: New Year’s Day

  • 20 Jan: Black January (Day of Mourning)

  • 8 Mar: Women’s Day

  • 20–21 Mar: Novruz Bayram (Spring festival, major celebration)

  • 9 May: Victory Day

  • 28 May: Republic Day

  • 15 Jun: National Salvation Day

  • 9 Nov: National Flag Day

  • 31 Dec: Solidarity Day

Note: Dates for Islamic holidays like Ramadan and Gurban Bayram vary yearly.

Shops/Malls: 10:00–22:00 (daily)

Groceries/Bazaars: Open early, often close by 19:00

Pharmacies: Many 24/7 options in Baku

Markets: Don’t miss Taza Bazaar for saffron, dried fruits, and local teas

Dolma: Grape leaves stuffed with minced meat, rice, and herbs—Azerbaijan’s national dish.

Plov: Saffron rice pilaf with meat or dried fruits—served during celebrations.

Kebabs & Shashlik: Skewered meats grilled over open flame—best tried in roadside eateries.

Qutab: Thin dough stuffed with greens, meat, or cheese, then griddled—often eaten with yogurt.

Dushbara: Tiny dumplings in lamb broth—comfort food, especially in colder months.

Piti: Hearty lamb stew slow-cooked in a clay pot with chickpeas and chestnuts (from Sheki).

Badimjan Dolmasi: Stuffed eggplants, zucchinis, and peppers—a vegetable-forward delight.

Lavangi: Fish or chicken baked with a walnut and onion paste—especially popular in the south.

Shekerbura: Crescent-shaped pastry filled with ground nuts and sugar—served during Novruz.

Pakhlava (Baklava): Layered pastry with syrup and nuts—Sheki version has a diamond shape and spiced filling.

Alcoholic:

  • Mədrəsə Wine: Red wine from the Shamakhi region—dry, earthy, and unique to Azerbaijan.

  • Savalan Wine: Produced in the foothills of the Caucasus—known for bold reds and crisp whites.

  • Pomegranate Wine: A local specialty—sweet-tart and best served chilled.

  • Xirdalan Beer: Azerbaijan’s most popular lager—light, easy to drink, and affordable.

  • NZS Beer: A lesser-known Baku craft beer—malty with subtle citrus notes.

  • Tutovka: A mulberry-based homemade spirit—strong and traditional.

  • Araq: Grape-based Azerbaijani vodka—served in shots during feasts.

Non-Alcoholic:

  • Ayran: Tangy yogurt-based drink—perfect on hot summer days.

  • Black Tea: Served in pear-shaped glasses with lemon or jam—ubiquitous and ceremonial.

  • Sharbat: Sweet, fruit-based drink often served during holidays.

  • Nar Juice: Freshly squeezed pomegranate juice—deep red, tart, and vitamin-rich.

  • Sumakh Dovğası: Cold yogurt soup with herbs and a tangy kick—cooling and hydrating.

Flame Towers Light Show: Iconic skyline lighting up at night

Casual strolls on Baku Boulevard: Europe’s longest seaside promenade

Carpet Museum: Shaped like a rolled carpet—surprisingly fun

Yashil Bazaar: Local food, saffron, teas—great for gifts

Baku Jazz Festival: Held annually in fall

Hamams (Bathhouses): Try a traditional steam bath in Old City

Gabala Cable Car Ride: Panoramic views of the Caucasus

Ferris Wheel (“Baku Eye”): Sunset ride by the Caspian Sea

Nizami Street: Shopping, street performers, cafés

Naftalan Spa Resorts: Oil therapy baths (unique, niche interest)

Icherisheher (Old City): UNESCO World Heritage Site, explore Maiden Tower & Palace of the Shirvanshahs

Mud Volcanoes & Gobustan Petroglyphs: Surreal landscapes + prehistoric art

Ateshgah Fire Temple: Zoroastrian fire-worship site

Yanar Dag: “Burning Mountain” with eternal natural gas flame

Sheki Khan’s Palace: Stunning stained-glass windows (Shabaka style)

Heydar Aliyev Center: Zaha Hadid-designed cultural center

Shamakhi Juma Mosque: One of the oldest in the Caucasus

Quba’s Jewish Red Village: One of the few all-Jewish towns outside Israel

Lahij: Mountain village known for copper craftsmanship

Mugham Music: Traditional Azerbaijani improvisational folk music

ETUD Café & Bar: Cozy Baku spot with books, cocktails, and live music.

Pasifico Lounge & Dining: Rooftop bar with panoramic views and fusion cuisine.

Finnegan’s Pub: Irish pub atmosphere with local beers and international crowd.

Enerji Club: Glamorous nightclub at the Caspian waterfront—high-energy DJs and light shows.

Room 13: Speakeasy-style bar known for creative cocktails and moody ambiance.

BeerBasha: Pub with a wide selection of local and imported beers—popular with expats.

Absheron Hotel Rooftop Bar: Chic drinks with views over Baku Bay.

Chinar Lounge: Trendy mix of sushi, DJ sets, and designer décor.

Old School Rock Bar: Casual venue with live rock music—great for an alternative crowd.

People’s Bar: Friendly local hangout with good music and affordable prices.