ALGERIA
Algeria is where the Sahara’s golden dunes collide with the Mediterranean’s turquoise waves—a land of staggering contrasts. The north is a tapestry of Roman ruins, Ottoman palaces, and French-colonial boulevards, while the south plunges into an ocean of sand, where ancient ksars (fortified villages) cling to rocky outcrops. The Atlas Mountains carve through the country like a natural fortress, sheltering cedar forests and Berber communities that have thrived for millennia.
This was once the heart of Numidia, a Berber kingdom that defied Rome, and later, a prized Ottoman outpost. French colonization left its mark in Algiers’ grand architecture, but independence in 1962 forged a fiercely proud nation. Today, Algeria remains one of North Africa’s least-visited gems, offering Roman cities like Timgad (better preserved than Pompeii), the labyrinthine casbah of Algiers, and the surreal rock art of Tassili n’Ajjer—proof that the Sahara was once a savanna teeming with life.
Why Visit Algeria?
Rich Cultural Heritage: Explore Algeria’s ancient history, from Roman ruins at Timgad and Djemila to the Kasbah of Algiers, a UNESCO World Heritage site.
Sahara Desert Adventures: Trek through the vast desert, visit the oasis towns, or go stargazing under the clear desert skies.
Mediterranean Coastline: Relax on the beaches of Oran or Bejaia, or explore the picturesque port town of Tipasa.
Algerian Cuisine: Savor traditional dishes like couscous, tajine, and baklava.
Mountain Escapes: Discover the beauty of the Kabylie Mountains and the Aurès Mountains, perfect for hiking and nature lovers.
Warm Hospitality: Experience the welcoming and friendly atmosphere that Algerians offer to visitors.
Ready To Experience Your Perfect Gateaway?
Essential Trip Information
Visa and Entry Requirements
- Most travelers need a visa (apply in advance at an Algerian embassy/consulate). Some nationalities (e.g., China, Malaysia) can obtain a visa on arrival.
- Passports must be valid for at least six months beyond your stay.
- Proof of accommodation and return ticket may be requested.
- Official immigration portal: Algerian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Currency
Algeria’s currency is the Algerian Dinar (DZD).
- Best Ways to Handle Currency
Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount before you leave, though you can also exchange at local banks or exchange bureaus once in Algeria.
During Your Trip: ATMs are widely available in cities like Algiers. Major credit/debit cards (Visa, Mastercard) are accepted in many hotels and restaurants, but it’s a good idea to carry cash (US$20-50) for smaller purchases.
What to Avoid: Avoid exchanging currency at airports as they often offer poor rates.
Language
Arabic is the official language, with Berber also widely spoken. French is commonly used in business and government.
Helpful phrases: “Excuse me” (Pardon), “Thank you” (Shukran), “Where is…?” (Ayna…?)
Safety & Security
Algeria is generally safe for tourists, though caution should be exercised in remote areas, especially near borders.
Avoid isolated areas at night and be cautious of petty crime in crowded places.
Emergency number: 17 for police, 14 for medical emergencies.
Health & Insurance
Vaccinations: Hepatitis A and Typhoid are recommended for travelers.
Travel insurance is recommended as healthcare can be costly for non-residents.
Tap water is generally safe in major cities, but it’s advisable to drink bottled water in rural areas.
Pharmacies (like Pharmacie Centrale) are widely available in cities.
Transportation
Public transport: Algiers has a modern metro system, buses, and trams.
Taxis: Taxis are common, though not always reliable for exact fares—agree on the price before you get in.
Walking/Biking: Many tourist sites in Algiers are walkable, but wear comfortable shoes due to the city’s hilly terrain.
Price Level
Algeria is generally an affordable destination, with a cost of living lower than many Western countries. However, tourism in major cities like Algiers can be more expensive.
- Accommodation
Budget: Hostels and guesthouses (US$30–70/night)
Mid-range: 3-star hotels (US$80–150/night)
Luxury: 4-5 star hotels (US$200+/night)
- Food
Quick eats: Street food (sandwiches, pastries) (US$2–5)
Casual dining: Local restaurants (US$10–25/person)
Fine dining: Higher-end restaurants (US$40–70/person)
- Drinks
Coffee: US$1–2
Soft drinks: US$1–3
Beer: US$3–6 in restaurants
- Transportation
Taxis: US$5–10 for short trips within cities
Public transport: Buses and metro (Algiers) (US$0.50–1/ride)
Money-Saving Tips
Visit Algiers’ Casbah or explore the Roman ruins in Timgad for free.
Use local transport rather than taxis for a more budget-friendly way of getting around.
Explore Algeria
Planning Your Trip
Best Time To Visit
Algeria has a Mediterranean climate along the coast and a desert climate inland, so the timing of your visit depends on the regions you plan to explore.
- Coastal Cities (Algiers, Oran, Constantine) & Mediterranean Coast:
Best: April–October – Mild to warm weather, ideal for sightseeing and coastal activities (64–86°F / 18–30°C).
Avoid: December–February – Cool and rainy weather, especially in coastal areas.
- Saharan Region (Timimoun, Tamanrasset, Ghardaïa):
Best: October–March – Warm but bearable for desert exploration (59–77°F / 15–25°C).
Avoid: May–September – Extremely hot temperatures, often exceeding 104°F / 40°C.
- Algerian Highlands & Atlas Mountains (Djurdjura, Tassili n’Ajjer):
Best: May–October – Pleasant for hiking and outdoor activities (50–77°F / 10–25°C).
Avoid: November–February – Cold and possibly snowy, especially in the mountains.
Bold Recommendation: Visit between April–October for a coastal adventure or October–March for desert and mountain exploration.
Local Customs And Etiquette
Politics: Algeria is a politically sensitive country; avoid discussing politics in public.
Tipping: 10–15% is appreciated at restaurants; US$1–2 per bag for hotel staff.
Dress Code: Modest dress is expected in most places. For sightseeing, dress casually, but avoid revealing clothing in religious sites.
Museum Behavior: Quiet and respectful, especially in historical and religious sites.
Free Attractions: Many museums and monuments are free, but you may need to pay for guided tours.
Budgeting For Your Trip
Accommodation: Budget hotels (~US$30–70/night), mid-range hotels (~US$80–150/night), luxury (~US$200+).
Food: Street food (US$2–5), casual meals (US$10–20), fine dining (US$30+).
Transport: Trains (~US$5–15), taxis (~US$2–10), car rentals (~US$30–50/day).
Activities: Free (hiking in the mountains), paid tours (US$10–30 for historical sites or desert excursions).
Daily Budget:
Budget: US$50–80 (guesthouses, street food, local transport).
Mid-range: US$100–200 (comfortable hotels, sit-down meals, excursions).
Luxury: US$250+ (luxury accommodations, private tours, high-end dining).
Internet & Mobile
Free Wi-Fi: Available in most cafes, hotels, and public spaces in cities.
SIM Cards: Available at airports or mobile shops, with prepaid plans (US$10–30 for 5–10GB).
eSIMs: Supported by major international providers (Airalo, Orange).
Travel Insurance
Recommended for: Medical coverage, trip cancellation, and lost luggage (especially in remote areas).
U.S. Healthcare: Expensive and may not cover all situations; ensure your plan covers emergencies abroad.
Adventure Activities: Make sure your insurance covers activities such as desert tours or mountain hiking.
Accomodation Options
Algeria offers a variety of accommodations, from luxury resorts to budget-friendly guesthouses.
- Luxury:
Coastal resorts: Sheraton Club des Pins (Algiers), Le Meridien Oran.
Desert stays: Auberge du Sud (Tamanrasset), Kasbah-style hotels in Ghardaïa.
- Mid-range:
Boutique hotels: Hôtel El Aurassi (Algiers), Hôtel Sabri (Oran).
Eco-lodges: Kasbah-style guesthouses in the highlands.
- Budget:
Guesthouses: ~US$20–50/night (Algiers, Annaba, Bejaïa).
Hostels: Most budget options are concentrated in larger cities like Algiers and Oran.
- Unique Stays:
Desert camps: Comfortable tents in the Saharan region.
Historical stays: Old palaces converted into hotels in cities like Constantine.
Tip: Book accommodations in advance for peak tourist season (June–August).
Getting Around
Transport options vary across Algeria, with different methods suited for coastal, mountain, and desert travel.
- Trains:
Popular routes: Algiers to Oran, Constantine, and Annaba offer comfortable journeys.
Classes: 1st class (comfortable, reserved seats), 2nd class (crowded but cheap), 3rd class (basic).
Tip: Book in advance for long-haul routes or during busy times (e.g., summer).
- Buses:
Public buses: Inexpensive (US$1–5) but can be crowded.
Private AC buses: Comfortable for long trips, such as Algiers–Tamanrasset.
- Taxis:
Short rides: Negotiate fares (US$2–10 for 5–10 km).
Intercity taxis: Prices can be negotiated for travel between cities (US$20–50).
- Car Rentals:
Recommended for flexibility: Rent a car (~US$30–50/day), especially for exploring remote areas like the desert or mountains.
- Domestic Flights:
Limited options: Mainly for long-distance travel (Algiers–Tamanrasset, ~US$100–150).
Bold Recommendation: Use trains for coastal city travel and rent a car for more remote regions.
Handy Tips
Algeria’s currency is the Algerian Dinar (DZD). Banknotes come in 200, 500, 1000, and 2000 DZD denominations; coins include 5, 10, 20, and 50 DZD.
Exchanging Currency: Avoid exchanging money at airports or hotels due to high rates. Use ATMs or exchange offices in cities for better rates.
Using Cards: Credit and debit cards (Visa, Mastercard) are accepted in major cities but it’s recommended to carry cash for small purchases, tips, or in more rural areas.
Tipping Etiquette: Tipping is customary but not mandatory. A 10–15% tip is appreciated in restaurants.
Restaurants/Bars: 10–15% of the bill (if service charge is not included).
Taxis/Rideshares: Round up the fare.
Hotel Staff: 50–100 DZD per day for housekeeping.
Tour Guides: 200–500 DZD per person for group tours.
Arabic and Berber are the official languages, while French is widely spoken in urban areas. Helpful phrases:
“Où est la station de métro la plus proche?” (Where’s the nearest metro station?)
“Combien coûte…?” (How much is…?)
“Puis-je avoir un reçu?” (Can I get a receipt?)
Pro Tip: While French is widely understood, learning a few words in Arabic or Berber can enhance your experience, especially in more rural areas.
Algeria is generally safe for tourists, but as in any destination, stay vigilant in crowded areas, especially around markets and busy tourist spots. Avoid walking alone at night in certain areas.
- Emergency Contacts:
17: Police
14: Ambulance
102: Fire
+213 (0) 21 98 55 55: Emergency tourist line
Your Embassy: Many embassies are located in Algiers, keep their details handy.
Algeria uses 230V/50Hz with Type C (two round pins) and Type F (two round pins with a grounding prong) plugs. International visitors will need an adapter; converters are rarely necessary for modern electronics.
Tap water is generally safe to drink in cities like Algiers, but it’s always best to opt for bottled water in more rural areas. Be cautious when drinking water in remote places, as it may not be treated.
Public offices, museums, and some businesses may close on:
1 Jan: New Year’s Day
1 May: Labor Day
5 July: Independence Day
1 November: Revolution Day
Note: Ramadan (dates vary) impacts business hours, with many places closing during the day and reopening after sunset.
Stores: Typically 9:00–12:30 and 14:30–18:00, with extended hours in major cities.
Pharmacies: Often open from 8:00 to 20:00, with some 24/7 options in larger cities.
Markets: Local markets are busiest early in the morning, especially in places like Algiers’ Kasbah.
Couscous: Algeria’s national dish—steamed semolina with lamb or chicken, vegetables, and chickpeas.
Chorba Frik: Tomato-based lamb soup with green wheat and North African spices—Ramadan staple.
Merguez: Spicy lamb sausages grilled to perfection, often served with flatbread.
Rechta: Hand-rolled noodles with chicken and chickpeas in a saffron-rich sauce.
Makroud el Louse: Semolina pastries filled with dates or almonds—fried or baked.
Kesra: Semolina flatbread eaten with tagines or soups—every region has its own take.
Dolma: Stuffed vegetables (zucchini, peppers, grape leaves) simmered in tomato sauce.
Kalb el Louz: Sweet semolina cake with orange blossom syrup and almonds—hearty and fragrant.
Zlabia: Deep-fried spirals of dough soaked in honey syrup—crispy and sticky.
Tamina: Creamy semolina, butter, and honey paste served for special occasions (like births).
Alcoholic:
Monts des Aurès Wine: Local red produced in eastern Algeria—fruity and bold.
Cuvée du Président: Algerian white wine—light and floral, pairs well with seafood.
Bière Tango: Popular local beer—refreshing lager, easy to find in urban areas.
Bière Sahara: Brewed in Tlemcen, crisp and slightly bitter with desert flair.
Imported French Wines: Still widely consumed, especially in restaurants and hotels.
Non-Alcoholic:
Thé à la Menthe: Traditional mint tea—sweet, green, and ceremoniously poured.
Raïb: Chilled yogurt drink—tangy and refreshing in hot weather.
Sharbat: Rosewater-flavored drink, often served at weddings or Ramadan nights.
Leben: Fermented milk drink—cooling and full of probiotics.
Date Smoothies: Made with local dates, milk, and a hint of cinnamon.
Orangina: Popular fizzy orange drink from colonial French influence—still a hit.
Casbah of Algiers: UNESCO World Heritage Site—labyrinthine alleys, Ottoman palaces, and street life.
Notre Dame d’Afrique: Stunning basilica overlooking Algiers Bay—echoes of French Catholic influence.
Djemila Ruins: Roman city frozen in time—mosaics, temples, and an intact forum.
Timgad: “Pompeii of Africa”—one of the best-preserved Roman grid cities.
Ghardaïa: Berber city in the M’zab Valley—known for fortified homes and markets.
Raï Music: Originating in Oran, this genre blends Arab, French, and African sounds.
Sahara Festivals: Nomadic heritage celebrated through camel races, dance, and storytelling.
Maqam Echahid: Martyrs’ Monument in Algiers—symbol of the Algerian War of Independence.
Traditional Berber Jewelry: Silver, coral, and amber designs—each region has distinct patterns.
El Kala National Park: Coastal biodiversity hotspot with wetlands and rare bird species.
Beaches in Tipasa: Mediterranean coastline with Roman ruins as your backdrop.
Hiking Hoggar Mountains: Trek through one of the Sahara’s most iconic landscapes.
Camel Treks in Timimoun: Travel like a Tuareg—across ochre dunes and ksars.
City Walks in Constantine: Cross gravity-defying bridges over deep gorges.
Souk Shopping in Algiers: Textiles, spices, and handwoven rugs—go with time and patience.
Film Festivals in Oran: Algeria’s cinematic scene shines at this coastal city’s annual fest.
Hot Springs of Hammam Essalhine: Roman-era thermal baths still in use today.
Museum of Antiquities (Algiers): Artifacts from Numidian to Islamic periods.
Sunset at Assekrem: A spiritual plateau in the Hoggar Mountains—breathtaking views.
Zabana National Museum (Oran): Tells the story of Algeria’s independence movement.
Le Tantra (Algiers): Chic rooftop bar with views and cocktails (expect dress code).
La Bodega (Oran): Spanish-style tapas and music bar—lively crowd.
Bar El Djazaïr (Hotel El Djazaïr): Historic colonial bar with a classy vibe.
Yemma Gouraya (Bejaia): Local favorite for mint tea and hookah with sea views.
Nightclubs in Hydra (Algiers): Dance floors and DJs—popular with younger crowds.
Café Tantonville (Algiers): Historic colonial café, now a hipster hangout.
Oran’s Corniche: Stroll the seafront at night—cafés and snack bars buzz till late.
Sahara Nights (Timimoun): Traditional music and dance under the stars.
Chorfa Teahouse (Constantine): Cozy spot for late-night conversation and mint tea.
Wine Tastings at Domaine Tell: Experience Algeria’s emerging wine scene firsthand.