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LEBANON

Lebanon is where ancient worlds meet modern resilience, a slender Mediterranean jewel framed by sea and snow. The country’s narrow width belies a stunning diversity of landscapes—from sun-kissed beaches to cedar-studded mountains rising swiftly inland. The Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon mountain ranges stretch north to south, offering cooler climes and winter skiing less than two hours from the coast. The Bekaa Valley, nestled between these ranges, has nourished civilizations since Phoenician times.

This land has always been a crossroad—Phoenicians traded purple dye and cedarwood here, Romans carved temples in Baalbek, and Crusaders left their mark in mountain fortresses. Modern-day Lebanon wears its layers proudly: French colonial facades blend into buzzing souks; ancient Roman columns stand beside contemporary art galleries. Beirut, once dubbed the “Paris of the Middle East,” pulses with cosmopolitan flair even as it rebuilds from recent struggles. The echoes of history are inescapable, yet Lebanon’s spirit remains fiercely present—dynamic, hospitable, and defiantly alive.

Why Visit Lebanon?

Ancient History in Every Stone: Explore millennia-old temples at Baalbek, Roman ruins in Tyre, and Crusader castles in Tripoli.

Diverse Landscapes: Ski in the morning and swim in the Mediterranean by afternoon—few places offer this contrast.

World-Class Cuisine: Savor mezze spreads, fresh seafood, arak, and Lebanese wines in both street cafés and fine restaurants.

Cultural Resilience: Despite challenges, Beirut thrives with art, nightlife, and a thriving café culture.

Warm Hospitality: Lebanese people are famously welcoming—guests are treated like family.

Unique Religious and Architectural Mix: Mosques, churches, and ancient ruins coexist, creating a rich mosaic of tradition and identity.

Smart Travel: Off-Season Deals & Delights

Key Advantages:

  • Lowest Prices: Flights and accommodation rates are at their absolute lowest. This is the prime time to find excellent deals on luxury hotels and guesthouses.
  • Fewer Crowds: Major attractions, historical sites, and cities like Beirut and Byblos are significantly less crowded, offering a more intimate and authentic experience. You’ll have ancient ruins and bustling markets almost to yourself.
  • Authentic Local Vibe: Experience Lebanon like a local. With fewer tourists, there are more opportunities to interact with residents, enjoy the warmth of Lebanese hospitality, and discover hidden gems.
  • Winter Sports (excluding peak): While peak ski season (late January-February) can be busy, early or late winter can still offer opportunities for skiing and snowboarding in the Lebanese mountains at better prices, especially on weekdays.
  • Cozy Atmosphere: Enjoy the charm of snow-dusted mountain villages and the warmth of traditional Lebanese guesthouses and cafes, often with crackling fireplaces.
  • Citrus Harvest: November to January is the peak season for citrus fruits, offering fresh, delicious, and incredibly affordable oranges, tangerines, and lemons.

Main Drawbacks:

  • Cold Temperatures: Winter can be very cold, especially in the mountains and inland areas, with snow common at higher altitudes. Coastal areas are milder but can be rainy.
  • Shorter Days: Daylight hours are shorter, limiting sightseeing time for some outdoor activities.
  • Limited Outdoor Activities (non-ski): Some outdoor activities, particularly hiking in higher elevations, might be restricted due to snow or weather conditions.
  • Some closures: Certain seasonal attractions or guesthouses in very remote or high-altitude areas might be closed in the deepest off-season.

Key Regions:

  • Beirut: The capital city is vibrant even in winter. You can explore its diverse neighborhoods, visit museums (like the National Museum of Beirut), enjoy its renowned culinary scene with fewer crowds, and experience its lively nightlife.
  • Byblos (Jbeil): One of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, Byblos is enchanting in winter. Explore its ancient port, Crusader castle, and souks without the summer throngs. The cozy cafes and seafood restaurants offer a peaceful experience.
  • Baalbek: The colossal Roman ruins of Baalbek are awe-inspiring in any season, but the winter months offer a more serene and reflective experience. The snow-capped mountains in the background can create stunning photographic opportunities.
  • Chouf Mountains: While higher elevations will be cold and potentially snowy, lower areas of the Chouf region offer beautiful traditional villages, the Cedars of God forest (accessible depending on snow), and historical sites like Beiteddine Palace, all with a tranquil atmosphere.
  • Ski Resorts (e.g., Faraya, Mzaar Kfardebian): For winter sports enthusiasts, these resorts offer excellent skiing and snowboarding. While peak season (late Jan-Feb) can be pricier, early (December) or late (March) winter can yield better deals, especially on weekdays.

Key Advantages:

  • Ideal Weather: Pleasant temperatures for sightseeing and outdoor activities, without the extreme heat of summer or the biting cold of deep winter.
  • Manageable Crowds: Tourist numbers are lower than in peak summer, but attractions are fully open and vibrant.
  • Reasonable Prices: Flights and accommodation are more affordable than in summer, though slightly higher than deep winter.
  • Blooming Landscapes (Spring) & Autumn Colors (Autumn): Enjoy the natural beauty of Lebanon’s diverse landscapes. Spring brings wildflowers and green hills, while autumn offers beautiful foliage, especially in the mountains.
  • Festivals & Events: Many local festivals and cultural events take place, including religious holidays and seasonal celebrations.

Main Drawbacks:

  • Spring Mud Season: Early spring can be muddy in some rural and mountain areas due to snowmelt.
  • Unpredictable Weather (Spring/Autumn): Weather can change rapidly, with potential for occasional rain showers or cooler days, especially in early spring or late autumn.
  • Ramadan/Easter/Other Holidays (Spring/Autumn): While not a drawback in itself, major religious holidays can bring temporary spikes in local travel and some closures, so it’s worth checking local calendars.

Key Regions:

  • Beirut & Coastal Cities (Byblos, Sidon, Tyre): These cities are fantastic in spring and autumn, with comfortable temperatures for exploring historical sites, promenades, and enjoying outdoor dining without the summer heat or crowds.
  • Bekaa Valley: Spring is ideal for exploring the Bekaa Valley, with its Roman ruins (Baalbek, Anjar) set against blooming fields. Autumn is perfect for wine enthusiasts, as it’s harvest season for Lebanon’s renowned wineries.
  • Kadisha Valley & Cedars of God: The stunning landscapes of the Kadisha Valley (UNESCO World Heritage Site) are perfect for hiking in spring and autumn, with comfortable temperatures and lush scenery. The Cedars of God forest is particularly beautiful when green or with autumn hues.
  • Mount Lebanon Villages: Explore traditional mountain villages like Douma, Bsharri, or Ehden. Spring offers beautiful wildflowers and fresh air, while autumn provides vibrant foliage and a tranquil atmosphere for hiking and cultural exploration.
  • South Lebanon: Cities like Sidon and Tyre offer rich historical sites and a more laid-back atmosphere, perfect for exploring in the pleasant shoulder seasons.

Mid-Summer (June-August): This is Lebanon’s peak tourist season. Prices for flights and accommodation are at their highest, and popular attractions, especially coastal areas, mountain resorts, and cities, will be crowded. While the weather is generally hot and sunny, the value for money is significantly lower. Many locals also take their vacations during this time.

Christmas and New Year Holiday Period: While festive and offering a unique experience, this period sees a surge in prices and crowds, especially in Beirut and popular mountain destinations for celebrations.

Peak Ski Season (late January-February): Popular ski resorts in the Lebanese mountains (e.g., Mzaar Kfardebian, Faqra) will be busy and more expensive during this time, especially on weekends. If skiing is your primary goal, booking well in advance and considering slightly less popular resorts or weekday trips might help.

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Essential Trip Information

  • Most travelers require a visa, but many nationalities can obtain it on arrival or apply online.

  • Check specific requirements on the General Security of Lebanon official website: https://www.general-security.gov.lb

  • Your passport must be valid for at least 6 months.

  • Israeli stamps or visas in your passport may lead to denial of entry.

  • Proof of accommodation, return ticket, and sufficient funds may be requested.

  • Visa on arrival for eligible travelers is free and valid for 1 month (extendable).

  • The official currency is the Lebanese Pound (LBP), but US Dollars (US$) are widely used and accepted.

  • Exchange Rate (as of early 2025): US$1 ≈ 89,000 LBP (subject to change due to fluctuation)

Best Ways to Handle Currency

  • Before Your Trip: Bring US$ cash. ATMs may have high fees or withdrawal limits.

  • During Your Trip: Pay in US$ for hotels, taxis, and restaurants. Small vendors may quote prices in LBP.

  • What to Avoid: Relying solely on credit cards (many places are cash-only); exchanging money at hotels (poor rates).

  • Arabic is the official language.

  • French and English are widely spoken, especially in cities and tourist areas.

  • Helpful phrases:

    • “Marhaba” – Hello

    • “Shukran” – Thank you

    • “Kam el se’er?” – How much is it?

  • Lebanon is generally safe for tourists, but political instability can cause disruptions.

  • Avoid protests or large gatherings.

  • Be cautious in border areas near Syria or Israel.

  • Emergency number: 112

  • No vaccinations are required, but check for updates on water and food safety.

  • Tap water is not always potable—bottled water is recommended.

  • Travel insurance is highly recommended.

  • Pharmacies are common and well-stocked.

  • Taxis don’t use meters—agree on price in advance.

  • Buses and minibuses connect major towns but are informal and unpredictable.

  • Walking is ideal in urban cores like Beirut, Byblos, and Batroun.

  • For exploring mountains or remote sites, hire a car or guide.

Beirut and tourist hotspots are moderately priced, with some budget-friendly and luxury options.

Accommodation

  • Budget: Guesthouses, hostels ($20–50/night)

  • Mid-range: Boutique hotels ($70–120/night)

  • Luxury: International chains ($150–250+/night)

Food

  • Street eats: Shawarma, man’oushe ($2–5)

  • Casual dining: Lebanese mezze, grills ($10–20/person)

  • Fine dining: Upscale Lebanese or international ($30–60+/person)

Drinks

  • Beer: $2–4 (local), $6–10 (bars)

  • Wine: $5–8/glass (Lebanon has excellent wineries)

  • Cocktails: $10–15

Transportation

  • Shared taxis (“service”): $1–2

  • Private taxis: $6–20 within Beirut

  • Buses: $0.50–$2 (limited routes, no set schedule)

  • Car rentals: $30–60/day (4WD needed in mountain areas)

Money-Saving Tips

  • Eat at local bakeries and street vendors for affordable meals.

  • Visit free ruins, beaches, and public hiking areas.

  • Use “service” taxis instead of private ones.

Explore Lebanon

BEIRUT
BYBLOS
BAALBEK
TYRE
SIDON
QADISHA VALLEY
JEITA GROTTO
CEDARS OF GOD
TRIPOLI
BATROUN

Planning Your Trip

Lebanon experiences a Mediterranean climate with hot summers and mild, wet winters. The best time to visit depends on your interests—beaches, history, skiing, or food tours.

  • Beirut, Byblos, Tyre (Coastal cities):

    • Best: May–June & September–October – Pleasant weather (70–85°F / 21–29°C), fewer crowds.

    • Avoid: July–August – Hot and humid (85–95°F / 29–35°C), especially in Beirut.

  • Bekaa Valley (Baalbek, Zahle):

    • Best: Spring (April–June) – Lush scenery, ideal for wine-tasting and Roman ruins (68–82°F / 20–28°C).

    • Avoid: Winter (December–February) – Cold and often foggy (41–55°F / 5–13°C).

  • Mount Lebanon (Faraya, Bsharri, Chouf):

    • Best: Winter (December–February) – Ski season (32–50°F / 0–10°C).

    • Summer: June–August – Great for hiking in the Cedars and cool escapes from the coastal heat.

Bold Recommendation: Visit in May–June or September–October for ideal weather across the country, whether you’re exploring ruins, tasting wine, or hitting the beaches.

  • Hospitality: Lebanese people are famously warm—expect to be offered coffee or food when visiting.

  • Tipping: 10–15% at restaurants; US$1–2 per bag for porters.

  • Dress Code: Casual is fine in most areas. In rural or religious sites (e.g., mosques), dress modestly.

  • Photography: Always ask before taking photos of people or military sites.

  • Language: Arabic is official, but French and English are widely spoken in cities.

  • Politics/Religion: Avoid political discussions—sectarian issues can be sensitive.

  • Accommodation:

    • Budget guesthouses: US$30–60/night

    • Mid-range hotels: US$80–150/night

    • Luxury stays: US$250–400+/night

  • Food:

    • Street food (manakish, falafel): US$2–5

    • Casual restaurants: US$10–20

    • Fine dining: US$50–100+

  • Transport:

    • Shared taxis and buses: US$2–10/day

    • Car rental + gas: ~US$50/day

  • Activities:

    • Museum or site entry: US$5–10

    • Wine tasting: US$15–30

    • Guided tour or hike: US$25–60

Daily Budget:

  • Budget: US$70–100 (guesthouses, shared transport, street food)

  • Mid-range: US$150–250 (hotels, car hire, dining)

  • Luxury: US$350+ (designer stays, tours, high-end dining)

  • Free Wi-Fi: Available in most cafes, hotels, and malls.

  • SIM Cards: Touch and Alfa are the two main providers.

    • Tourist SIM: US$20–40 for 10GB, available at airport or malls.

  • eSIMs: Supported (Airalo and others) with reliable coverage.

  • Highly recommended – covers unexpected medical needs, trip cancellations, or political unrest.

  • Medical care: Beirut has good hospitals, but rural care is limited.

  • Activities coverage: Check for coverage if skiing or hiking in high-altitude areas.

Lebanon has a growing range of lodging—from chic boutique hotels to mountain lodges.

  • Luxury:

    • Beirut: Le Gray, Four Seasons, Albergo Hotel.

    • Mount Lebanon: InterContinental Mzaar (ski resort).

  • Mid-range:

    • Boutique stays: Beit el Batroun (Batroun), L’Auberge des Emirs (Deir el Qamar).

    • Modern hotels: O Monot Hotel (Beirut), Aleph Boutique (Byblos).

  • Budget:

    • Guesthouses: US$30–60/night in Byblos, Tripoli, or the Chouf.

    • Backpacker hostels: Hamra Urban Gardens (Beirut), Saifi Urban Gardens.

  • Unique Stays:

    • Restored Ottoman mansions in the Chouf or vineyard lodges in the Bekaa Valley.

    • Eco-lodges: EcoVillage (Akkar), Cedar Valley (Bsharri area).

Tip: Book early if visiting during summer festivals (e.g., Byblos or Baalbek concerts).

Transportation in Lebanon is limited but manageable with planning.

  • Buses & Minivans:

    • Public minibuses run between cities (Beirut to Tripoli, Tyre, Baalbek) for US$2–5.

    • No fixed schedules—wait times vary.

  • Shared Taxis (Service):

    • Fixed routes within and between cities (Beirut to Jounieh, etc.).

    • US$1–2 within city, US$5–10 between cities.

    • Shared with strangers unless you pay for a private ride.

  • Private Taxis & Rideshares:

    • Uber & Bolt available in Beirut—safe and metered.

    • Private taxis: negotiate fare in advance (Beirut to Byblos ~US$25–30).

  • Car Rentals:

    • Recommended for visiting mountains or wineries.

    • US$40–70/day (plus insurance). Roads can be chaotic; GPS and local driving knowledge help.

  • Domestic Flights:

    • Not applicable—Lebanon is compact; cross-country trips are 2–3 hours by road.

Bold Recommendation: Hire a car or driver if visiting regions outside Beirut; use Uber in the capital.

Handy Tips

Lebanon uses the Lebanese Pound (LBP), but U.S. Dollars (US$) are widely accepted in most places (especially in Beirut). Dual pricing is common in restaurants, hotels, and taxis.

  • Exchanging Currency: Avoid airport exchanges. Use local exchange shops (“Sarraf”) for the best rates—often better than banks or ATMs.

  • Using Cards: Visa and Mastercard are accepted in major hotels and restaurants. Cash is king—especially for taxis, small shops, or in rural areas.

  • Tipping Etiquette: Tipping is appreciated but not mandatory.

    • Restaurants/Bars: Add ~10% to the bill unless service charge is included.

    • Taxis: Round up to the nearest 5,000 LBP or add US$1–2.

    • Hotel Staff: US$1–2 per bag for porters; US$2–3 per day for housekeeping.

    • Tour Guides: US$5–10 per person for group tours.

Arabic is the official language, but French and English are widely spoken, especially in urban areas.
Helpful phrases:

  • “Wayne el mat3am?” (Where is the restaurant?)

  • “Addeh haida?” (How much is this?)

  • “Fi receipt?” (Is there a receipt?)

  • Locals often mix Arabic, French, and English in conversation—don’t be surprised!

Pro Tip: Lebanese people are friendly and expressive—expect warm hospitality and personal questions (e.g., “Where are you from?”).

Lebanon is generally safe for tourists, but political instability can arise—always check current travel advisories.

  • Avoid border areas with Syria, and avoid large gatherings or protests.

  • Beirut, Byblos, and the coastal areas are typically safe and tourist-friendly.
    Emergency Contacts:

  • 112: Police and General Emergencies

  • 140: Red Cross/Ambulance

  • 175: Fire Department

  • Your Embassy: Many are located in Beirut (keep contacts on hand).

Lebanon uses 220V/50Hz with Type C, D, and G plugs. Bring a universal adapter. Power outages are common—hotels usually have generators, but carry a power bank.

Tap water quality varies. Stick to bottled water (readily available and inexpensive).

  • In restaurants, bottled water is the norm. Ask for “may zaher” (bottled water) to avoid tap.

Many businesses, banks, and government offices close during national holidays.

  • 1 Jan: New Year’s Day

  • 9 Feb: St. Maron’s Day (Maronite holiday)

  • 25 Mar: Annunciation Day

  • Variable: Good Friday, Easter (Western & Eastern), Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha

  • 6 May: Martyrs’ Day

  • 22 Nov: Independence Day

Note: Muslim and Christian holidays follow different calendars—check dates if traveling during religious festivals.

  • Shops & Markets: 10:00–20:00 (some reopen after afternoon siesta).

  • Malls: 10:00–22:00 (ABC, Beirut Souks, CityMall).

  • Pharmacies: Most open 9:00–21:00; a few operate 24/7 in big cities.

  • Souks & Street Markets: Mornings are best (e.g., Souk El Tayeb farmers’ market, Tripoli Souks).

  • Manakish: Levantine flatbread topped with za’atar or cheese—Lebanon’s savory breakfast staple.

  • Kibbeh Nayyeh: Raw minced lamb with bulgur, spices, and olive oil—a delicacy served with mint and onions.

  • Kafta: Ground beef/lamb skewers with parsley and spices, grilled and often wrapped in pita.

  • Fattoush: Fresh salad with crispy bread, sumac, and pomegranate molasses.

  • Shawarma: Spit-roasted meat shaved into wraps, garnished with pickles and garlic sauce.

  • Sfiha: Mini meat pies baked with spiced lamb—popular in Baalbek.

  • Samkeh Harra: Spicy baked fish from Tripoli, dressed with tahini, nuts, and chili.

  • Moujaddara: Lentil and rice pilaf, topped with caramelized onions—comfort food at its finest.

  • Knafeh: Warm cheese pastry soaked in orange blossom syrup, topped with crunchy semolina.

  • Maamoul: Filled cookies (dates, walnuts, pistachios), especially popular during holidays.

Alcoholic:

  • Château Ksara Red: Lebanon’s oldest winery—try their Cabernet-Syrah blends.

  • Château Musar: Legendary winery producing aged, complex reds near the Bekaa Valley.

  • Arak: Anise-flavored spirit served with water and ice—Lebanon’s national drink.

  • Almaza Beer: Crisp Lebanese lager, perfect for hot afternoons.

  • 961 Beer: Beirut-based craft brewery—try their Red Ale or IPA.

Non-Alcoholic:

  • Jallab: Sweet drink made of dates, rose water, and molasses—served over crushed ice with pine nuts.

  • Ayran: Yogurt-based salty drink, perfect with grilled meats.

  • Lemonade with Mint: Refreshing summer classic—tart, sweet, and cooling.

  • Carob Juice (Kharoub): Thick, sweet juice made from carob pods—popular during Ramadan.

  • White Coffee (Ahwe Baida): Herbal drink made from orange blossom water—served as a digestive after meals.

  • Cedars of God (Bsharri): UNESCO-protected forest of biblical cedar trees.

  • National Museum of Beirut: Stunning artifacts from Phoenician to Ottoman times.

  • Beiteddine Palace: 19th-century marvel in the Chouf Mountains.

  • Tyre and Sidon: Ancient port cities with Phoenician and Roman ruins.

  • Al-Omari Grand Mosque: Once a Crusader church, now a central mosque in Beirut.

  • Maronite Churches in Qadisha Valley: Blend of spirituality and landscape.

  • Traditional Dabke Dance: Often seen at weddings and festivals.

  • Armenian Quarter in Bourj Hammoud: Culinary and cultural enclave.

  • Religious Coexistence: Churches and mosques side by side—Lebanon in a nutshell.

  • Hidden Gem: Deir el Qamar—cobblestone village with Ottoman architecture.

  • Beach Clubs: From upscale options in Byblos to vibrant pools in Batroun and Jounieh.

  • Bar Hopping in Mar Mikhael: Beirut’s hip nightlife district with eclectic bars and live music.

  • Jeita Grotto: Vast underground cave system—absolutely stunning.

  • Hiking in Chouf Cedars: Trails through ancient forests and scenic valleys.

  • Hamra Street: For local cafes, bookshops, and people-watching.

  • Byblos Old Port: Ancient harbor + seaside dining in one of the world’s oldest cities.

  • Baalbek Ruins: Gigantic Roman temples (Heliopolis)—a must-see for history buffs.

  • Snow in the Morning, Beach in the Afternoon: Yes—possible in spring (March–April)!

  • Sursock Museum: Modern art inside a historic Beirut villa.

  • Live Music at The Ballroom Blitz or MusicHall: Local and international acts.

  • Anise: Upscale Beirut bar specializing in Arak-based cocktails.

  • The Bohemian: Mar Mikhael favorite with garden seating and inventive drinks.

  • Dany’s: Long-time local dive bar with outdoor terrace and casual vibes.

  • Central Station: Speakeasy-style spot with craft cocktails and chic crowd.

  • Iris Beirut: Rooftop bar with sea views and live DJs.

  • The Grand Factory: Massive party venue for EDM and indie dance nights.

  • Ferdinand Gastro Pub: Hidden gem in Hamra known for its truffle burger and whiskey cocktails.

  • Internazionale: Funky, retro bar on Armenia Street—great for people-watching.

  • Abbey Road: British-themed rock bar with affordable drinks and themed nights.

  • Bar du Port: Elegant yet relaxed bar in Downtown—ideal for a classier night out.

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