JORDAN
Jordan, a land of ancient civilizations and modern marvels, offers a fascinating mix of history and natural beauty. Situated at the crossroads of the Middle East, it is bordered by Israel, Palestine, Syria, Iraq, and Saudi Arabia. The country’s most famous landmark, Petra, is a rose-red city carved into the rock, offering a glimpse into the wealth and ingenuity of the Nabateans. Jordan’s diverse landscapes include the vast desert of Wadi Rum, with its iconic sand dunes and rocky outcrops, and the tranquil waters of the Dead Sea, where visitors float effortlessly due to the mineral-rich waters. The Jordan River, considered sacred in Christianity, flows along the western border, while the country’s many archaeological sites reflect the ancient history of the region.
Jordan’s geography is as varied as its culture. From the highland plateaus in the north to the arid deserts of the east, the country is a tapestry of contrasts. The country also enjoys a Mediterranean climate in the west, with hot summers and mild winters, while the desert regions experience extreme temperatures. Despite its relatively small size, Jordan is home to a rich history that spans millennia, from the time of the ancient kingdoms of Moab and Ammon to the influence of the Romans, Byzantines, and the early Islamic empires.
Why Visit Jordan?
Ancient Petra: A UNESCO World Heritage site, Petra is one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Explore this ancient city carved into pink sandstone cliffs.
Wadi Rum Desert: A vast and breathtaking desert known for its otherworldly rock formations and stunning sunsets.
Dead Sea: The lowest point on Earth, famous for its therapeutic waters where you can float effortlessly.
Historical Sites: Jordan is home to many ancient ruins, including Roman cities like Jerash and the Crusader Castle at Karak.
Natural Beauty: From the rugged beauty of the mountains to the serene waters of the Red Sea, Jordan offers diverse landscapes.
Hospitality: The warm hospitality of the Jordanian people makes it a welcoming destination for travelers.
Smart Travel: Off-Season Deals & Delights
Key Advantages:
- Lowest Prices: Flights and accommodation rates are at their absolute lowest. This is the best time for budget travelers to explore Jordan without breaking the bank.
- Fewer Crowds: Iconic sites like Petra, Wadi Rum, and Amman are significantly less crowded, offering a more intimate and serene experience. You’ll have more space to explore and better photo opportunities.
- Authentic Local Vibe: Experience Jordan like a local, with more opportunities to interact with residents and enjoy a peaceful atmosphere in cities and towns.
- Pleasant Desert Temperatures (Daytime): While evenings can be cold, daytime temperatures in desert areas like Wadi Rum are often mild and pleasant for exploring, especially compared to the scorching summer heat.
- Lush Landscapes (Post-Rain): If there has been sufficient rain, parts of Jordan can transform into surprisingly green landscapes, especially in the north, offering a different kind of beauty.
Main Drawbacks:
- Cold Temperatures: Winter can be very cold, especially in Amman and northern Jordan, with occasional rain and even snow in higher elevations. Layering is essential.
- Shorter Days: Daylight hours are shorter, limiting sightseeing time and requiring earlier starts for full-day excursions.
- Limited Outdoor Activities (non-desert): Some outdoor activities, particularly water-based ones in the Dead Sea or Red Sea, might be less appealing due to cooler temperatures.
- Potential for Rain/Snow: While generally sunny, winter can bring unpredictable rain, which can affect road conditions or make some outdoor activities less enjoyable.
Key Regions:
- Petra: The ancient city of Petra is magical in winter. With fewer crowds, you can truly soak in the grandeur of the Treasury, Monastery, and other sites. Walking through the Siq is particularly atmospheric. Be prepared for chilly mornings and evenings.
- Wadi Rum: While nights are cold, the daytime temperatures in Wadi Rum are often ideal for jeep tours, camel rides, and stargazing. The vast desert landscape feels even more dramatic and isolated with fewer visitors.
- Aqaba: As Jordan’s only coastal city on the Red Sea, Aqaba offers milder winter temperatures, making it a good escape from the cold inland. While swimming might be chilly for some, snorkeling and diving are still possible with wetsuits, and boat trips are enjoyable.
- Dead Sea: While the air temperature will be cooler, floating in the Dead Sea is still a unique experience. Many resorts have heated pools, making it a comfortable option. The lack of crowds is a huge bonus.
- Amman: The capital city can be cold but offers a vibrant urban experience. Explore the Citadel, Roman Theater, and various museums with fewer tourists. Enjoy warm Jordanian coffee and traditional cuisine in cozy restaurants.
Key Advantages:
- Ideal Weather: Pleasant temperatures for sightseeing and outdoor activities across the country, without the extreme heat of summer or the cold of winter.
- Manageable Crowds: Tourist numbers are lower than in peak summer (for Red Sea/Dead Sea) and during major holidays, but attractions are fully open and vibrant.
- Reasonable Prices: Flights and accommodation are more affordable than in peak season, though slightly higher than deep winter.
- Blooming Landscapes (Spring): Spring transforms parts of Jordan into a vibrant tapestry of wildflowers, especially in the north and along the King’s Highway, offering stunning photographic opportunities.
- Clear Skies & Optimal Stargazing (Autumn): Autumn typically brings very clear skies, making it an excellent time for stargazing in Wadi Rum.
Main Drawbacks:
- Spring Break/Easter Crowds (Variable): If your visit coincides with Western spring breaks or Easter holidays, popular sites might see a temporary increase in crowds and prices.
- “Khamasin” Winds (Spring): Occasionally, Jordan can experience hot, dusty “Khamasin” winds from the Arabian Desert in spring, which can reduce visibility and be uncomfortable.
- Still Warm in Desert (Late Shoulder): Late May and early September can still be quite warm in desert areas like Wadi Rum and Aqaba, although less extreme than mid-summer.
Key Regions:
- Petra: Spring and autumn are arguably the best times to visit Petra. The weather is perfect for extensive walking, and the light for photography is excellent.
- Wadi Rum: Ideal conditions for exploring the desert, enjoying jeep tours, camel rides, and overnight stays in Bedouin camps. The temperatures are comfortable for all activities.
- King’s Highway & Dana Biosphere Reserve: Perfect for scenic drives and hiking. Spring offers lush landscapes and wildflowers, while autumn provides clear views and pleasant trekking conditions. Dana Biosphere Reserve is particularly stunning for hiking in these seasons.
- Jerash: The ancient Roman ruins of Jerash are spectacular in spring and autumn. The pleasant weather allows for comfortable exploration of this vast archaeological site.
- Madaba & Mount Nebo: These historical and religious sites are highly enjoyable in the shoulder seasons, offering cultural insights and panoramic views in comfortable temperatures.
Mid-Summer (June-August): This is Jordan’s peak tourist season, driven by European and Gulf vacationers. Prices for flights and accommodation are at their highest, and popular attractions, especially in cities and desert areas, will be extremely hot and crowded. While coastal areas like Aqaba are popular for beach holidays, the intense heat can make inland sightseeing challenging and less enjoyable, significantly lowering the value for money for cultural exploration.
Major Holidays (e.g., Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha): During these significant Islamic holidays, domestic and regional travel surges, leading to higher prices and considerable crowds at popular attractions, especially family-friendly destinations and resorts. Planning well in advance is crucial if your trip coincides with these periods.
Ready To Experience Your Perfect Gateaway?
Essential Trip Information
Visa and Entry Requirements
Most nationalities can obtain a visa on arrival (typically US$56, valid 30 days).
Check official requirements: Jordan E-Gate Portal.
Passport validity: Must extend 6 months beyond stay.
Jordan Pass (US$70–100) covers visa fees and entry to Petra + 40+ sites if staying ≥3 nights. Highly recommended.
Currency
Jordanian Dinar (JOD) is the official currency.
- Best ways to handle currency:
Before your trip: Exchange a small amount of money at home, as the Jordanian Dinar is not commonly available in international markets.
During your trip: ATMs are readily available in major cities and offer competitive exchange rates. Major credit/debit cards are accepted in urban areas, but it’s a good idea to carry some JOD for smaller shops and in more remote areas.
What to avoid: Avoid exchanging money at airports or in smaller kiosks, as the rates are often unfavorable.
Language
Arabic is the official language. English is widely spoken, especially in tourist areas.
Helpful phrases: “Shukran” (Thank you), “Min fadlak” (Please), “Ayna…?” (Where is…?)
Safety & Security
Jordan is considered one of the safest countries in the region, but it is always advisable to exercise caution, especially in less populated areas.
Avoid discussing sensitive political issues and be respectful of local customs.
Emergency number: 911
Health & Insurance
Vaccinations: No specific vaccinations are required, but it is recommended to have routine vaccines up to date.
Travel Insurance is recommended due to the cost of healthcare.
Tap water is safe to drink in most cities, but bottled water is often preferred by travelers.
Transportation
Taxi: Taxis are affordable but make sure to agree on a fare or ask the driver to use the meter.
Buses: Public buses are reliable in major cities, but intercity buses may not always be punctual.
Car Rentals: Available for self-drive tours, but keep in mind that traffic in Amman can be chaotic.
Walking: Many tourist sites are within walking distance of each other, particularly in cities like Petra and Amman.
Price Level
Jordan is relatively affordable, with a range of prices to suit different budgets.
Accommodation
Budget: Hostels or budget hotels ($40–70 per night)
Mid-range: 3-star hotels ($80–120 per night)
Luxury: 4-5 star hotels ($150+/night)
Food
Street food: Falafel, shawarma ($3–5)
Casual dining: Restaurants ($10–20)
Fine dining: ($30–50)
Drinks
Coffee/Tea: $1–3
Local beer: $3–5
Transportation
Taxi: $5–15 for short trips
Uber: Available in larger cities, with similar pricing to taxis
Buses: Public buses are available, though they may not be as frequent or reliable in rural areas.
Money-Saving Tips
Visit free sites like the Roman Theater in Amman and the Jordan Museum.
Buy a Jordan Pass to save money on entrance fees to major attractions.
Consider using local buses for travel within cities, which can be significantly cheaper than taxis.
Explore Jordan
Planning Your Trip
Best Time To Visit
Jordan has a varied climate, from hot desert regions to cooler highlands. Consider the temperature and weather conditions based on the areas you want to explore.
- Desert Areas (Wadi Rum, Petra):
Best: March–May and September–November – Ideal for trekking and sightseeing (68–95°F / 20–35°C).
Avoid: June–August – Extremely hot, especially in the desert (100–110°F / 38–43°C).
- Amman and Northern Jordan (Ajloun, Jerash):
Best: March–May and September–November – Pleasant temperatures for exploring (60–80°F / 15–27°C).
Avoid: December–February – Cold and rainy, with occasional snow (30–50°F / -1–10°C).
- Dead Sea:
Year-round: Warm temperatures (77–95°F / 25–35°C). Ideal for year-round relaxation due to its therapeutic mud and salty waters.
Bold Recommendation: Visit between March–May and September–November for comfortable weather and optimal sightseeing.
Local Customs And Etiquette
Politics: Jordan is a stable country, but it’s wise to avoid discussions about politics.
Tipping: Tipping is customary in Jordan; around 10–15% at restaurants, and US$1–2 per bag for hotel staff.
Dress Code: In more conservative areas, especially outside of major cities, modest clothing is recommended (covering shoulders and knees). In Amman and Aqaba, casual dress is fine.
Museum Behavior: Quiet and respectful, especially when visiting religious or historical sites like Petra or the Dead Sea.
Budgeting For Your Trip
- Accommodation:
Budget: US$20–50/night (hostels, guesthouses).
Mid-range: US$50–150/night (3–4 star hotels).
Luxury: US$200+/night (high-end resorts, boutique hotels).
- Food:
Street food: US$3–8 (falafel, hummus).
Casual meal: US$10–20 (restaurants offering local dishes like mansaf).
Fine dining: US$30+.
- Transport:
Public buses: US$1–5 for city transport.
Taxis: US$5–15 for short trips in the city.
Car rentals: US$30–50/day.
- Activities:
Petra Entrance Fee: US$70 (1 day), US$120 (2 days).
Dead Sea resort day pass: US$20–50.
Daily Budget:
Budget: US$50–80 (hostels, street food, public transport).
Mid-range: US$100–200 (3-star hotels, sit-down meals, attractions).
Luxury: US$250+ (luxury stays, fine dining, private tours).
Internet & Mobile
Free Wi-Fi: Available in most hotels, cafes, and public spaces in Amman, Petra, and Aqaba.
SIM Cards: Available at airports or convenience stores (US$10–20 for 5GB data). Zain and Orange are the main providers.
eSIMs: Supported by major providers (Airalo, Verizon).
Travel Insurance
Recommended for: Medical coverage, trip delays, and activities like desert tours or hiking.
U.S. Healthcare: Health insurance is expensive for U.S. citizens; ensure your plan covers emergencies while abroad.
Adventure Activities: Ensure your travel insurance covers adventure activities, as some policies exclude high-risk activities like camel riding or desert trekking.
Accomodation Options
Jordan has a variety of accommodation options to fit different budgets, from luxury resorts by the Dead Sea to budget-friendly hostels.
- Luxury:
Dead Sea Resorts: Kempinski Hotel Ishtar Dead Sea, Mövenpick Resort & Spa Dead Sea.
Desert Camp: Wadi Rum Night Luxury Camp.
- Mid-range:
Hotels: Amman West Hotel, Petra Moon Hotel (Petra).
Boutique Hotels: The Olive Branch Hotel (Amman), La Maison Hotel (Aqaba).
- Budget:
Guesthouses: US$20–50/night (in cities like Amman and Petra).
Hostels: The Hostel (Amman), Petra Hostel (Petra).
- Unique Stays:
Desert Camps: Wadi Rum Desert Camp.
Bedouin-style tents in Wadi Rum offer a unique cultural experience.
Tip: Book Dead Sea resorts early during peak season (October–April) as they are very popular.
Getting Around
Jordan offers a range of transportation options, but renting a car or using local taxis is common for tourists.
- Taxis:
Fares are reasonable (US$5–15 for short trips). Always agree on the price beforehand or use a meter.
- Buses:
Public buses are cheap (US$1–5) but may not be the most reliable. For longer trips, intercity buses (e.g., Amman–Aqaba) are more comfortable.
- Car Rentals:
Rent a car for flexibility and to explore remote areas like Wadi Rum or Petra (US$30–50/day).
Roads are generally good, but driving in Amman can be chaotic. It’s advisable to hire a local guide or driver for longer trips.
- Domestic Flights:
Limited, but possible between Amman and Aqaba (US$50–80) for those on a tight schedule.
Bold Recommendation: Rent a car for flexibility, especially if you’re visiting multiple sites, and use taxis for short trips within cities.
Handy Tips
Jordan uses the Jordanian Dinar (JOD). 1 JOD ≈ US$1.41 (check current rates). Bills come in 1, 5, 10, 20, and 50 JOD denominations; coins include 0.5 and 1 JOD, plus smaller piastre denominations.
Exchanging Currency: Avoid airport kiosks. Use bank ATMs or exchange at official currency offices in cities like Amman or Aqaba.
Using Cards: Major cards (Visa, Mastercard) are accepted at hotels, restaurants, and large stores, but cash is king in markets and small towns.
Tipping Etiquette:
Restaurants: 10–15% if not included.
Taxis: Round up the fare.
Hotel Staff: 1–2 JOD per bag or per day for cleaning staff.
Tour Guides/Drivers: 5–10 JOD per day.
Arabic is the official language. English is widely spoken in tourist areas, hotels, and restaurants.
Useful phrases:
“Shukran” = Thank you
“Bikam hatha?” = How much is this?
“Ayna al-hammam?” = Where is the bathroom?
Pro Tip: Jordanians are very welcoming—a few Arabic words go a long way, especially in rural areas.
Jordan is considered very safe for tourists, but exercise standard precautions. Be cautious when driving at night in rural or desert regions.
911: Police, ambulance, and fire services (English-speaking operators available in Amman).
Tourist Police: Available in Petra, Amman, and Aqaba; they can assist with safety or translation issues.
Tip: Avoid border zones near Syria or Iraq without guidance.
Jordan uses 230V/50Hz electricity with Type C, D, F, G, and J plugs.
Bring a universal adapter if your devices use Type A/B (US plugs). Many hotels provide converters.
Tap water is not recommended for drinking. Use bottled water even for brushing teeth.
Restaurants typically provide bottled water (often not free).
Avoid ice in drinks outside of major hotels.
Most public life slows down during major holidays and Friday is the official weekly holiday.
1 Jan: New Year’s Day
May 1: Labor Day
May 25: Independence Day
Eid al-Fitr: End of Ramadan (date varies)
Eid al-Adha: Feast of Sacrifice (date varies)
Islamic New Year & Prophet’s Birthday: Moveable dates (Hijri calendar)
Note: During Ramadan, many restaurants close during daylight hours and alcohol may be restricted.
Stores/Malls: Typically 10:00–22:00, though hours vary during Ramadan.
Friday: Many stores open after midday prayers.
Souks (markets): Open daily but close earlier in the evening.
Pharmacies: Common and often open late (some 24/7 in Amman and Aqaba).
Mansaf: Jordan’s national dish—lamb cooked in fermented yogurt (jameed) over rice. A celebratory meal.
Maqluba: “Upside-down” casserole with rice, eggplant, cauliflower, and chicken—flipped before serving.
Zarb: Bedouin barbecue—meat and vegetables slow-cooked in an underground pit in Wadi Rum.
Falafel: Crispy chickpea patties—best sampled at Al-Quds Falafel in downtown Amman.
Shawarma: Juicy meat shaved off a spit and wrapped in flatbread—grab one from Reem Circle.
Kofta bi Tahini: Baked spiced meatballs in a creamy tahini sauce.
Kebbeh: Fried bulgur shells stuffed with spiced minced meat—served as meze.
Fatteh: Layers of toasted bread, chickpeas, yogurt, and pine nuts—comfort food perfected.
Warak Enab: Grape leaves stuffed with rice and meat—served warm or cold.
Knafeh: Melted cheese pastry topped with crispy semolina and syrup—best in Habibah Sweets.
Qatayef: Ramadan pancakes filled with cream or nuts and fried.
Baklava: Rich phyllo pastry with honey and pistachios.
Tamriyeh: Fried dough filled with semolina pudding—crispy outside, soft inside.
Alcoholic:
Jordan River Wines: Locally produced reds and whites—smooth and award-winning.
Saint George Wine: Full-bodied and dry—Jordan’s other top label.
Carakale Pale Ale: Jordan’s first craft beer—citrusy and hoppy.
Amstel: Popular light lager brewed under license in Jordan.
Arak Haddad: Anise-flavored Levantine spirit—strong and traditional.
Petra Beer: Jordanian lager—named after the famed city.
Non-Alcoholic:
Lemon Mint Juice: Refreshing citrus-mint blend—served chilled everywhere.
Jallab: Date and grape molasses drink with pine nuts and raisins.
Arabic Coffee (Qahwa): Cardamom-scented, strong, and served in tiny cups.
Sahlab: Thick milk-based drink with cinnamon—perfect in winter.
Mint Tea: Served after meals or as a welcome gesture—sweet and soothing.
Tamar Hindi: Tamarind juice—slightly tart and commonly enjoyed during Ramadan.
Petra: One of the New 7 Wonders—carved into rose-red rock.
Jerash: Exceptionally preserved Roman ruins—colonnaded streets and temples.
Mount Nebo: Panoramic views and biblical history.
Madaba: Known for ancient mosaics, especially the 6th-century map of the Holy Land.
Ajloun Castle: 12th-century Islamic fortress with hilltop views.
The Citadel (Amman): Ruins from Roman, Byzantine, and Umayyad periods.
Desert Castles: Qasr Amra and Qasr Kharana on the Eastern Desert loop.
Umm Qais: Overlooks the Sea of Galilee—Greco-Roman ruins with Ottoman touches.
Wadi Mujib: Jordan’s Grand Canyon with a thrilling river hike.
Bedouin Hospitality: Stay in a tented camp in Wadi Rum or Dana for authentic meals and storytelling.
Petra by Night: Magical candlelit tour through the Siq.
Dead Sea Float: The surreal sensation of floating on ultra-salty water.
Wadi Rum Jeep Tours: Epic desert adventure with starry skies.
Aqaba: Snorkeling/diving in the Red Sea.
Roman Theater in Amman: Stunning historical backdrop, still used for concerts.
Hammam Experience: Traditional steam bath in Amman or Madaba.
Hiking Dana Biosphere Reserve: Breathtaking canyons and wildlife.
Shopping for Souvenirs: Handicrafts at Amman’s Souk Jara or Petra Bazaar.
Hot Air Balloon Ride: Over Wadi Rum at sunrise (weather-dependent).
Street Cafés in Amman: Smoke shisha, people-watch, and sip mint tea.
The Cantaloupe Gastro Pub: Rooftop cocktails with skyline views in Amman.
Sekrab: A bar made of upcycled junk—funky decor and good vibes.
Maestro Restaurant & Bar: Jazz nights, gourmet food, and wine.
District Urban Rooftop: Trendy open-air bar with live DJs.
Chestnut: Cozy pub for craft beer lovers.
Jordan National Gallery Cafe: Art + cocktails—bohemian atmosphere.
Cube Lounge: Amman’s longstanding club for electronic music.
Snug Pub: British-style pub in Abdoun—great Guinness and board games.
Blue Fig: Multi-level lounge with live music, cocktails, and art shows.
Rumi Cafe: Elegant spot for coffee or late-night shisha—Ammani favorite.