FLORIDA & THE GULF COAST

Florida and the Gulf Coast states (Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Texas) form a distinctive region along the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico. Florida, a peninsula jutting into the Atlantic and Gulf, boasts a unique blend of Latin and Southern influences. The other Gulf states share a rich history shaped by French, Spanish, and Anglo-American cultures, characterized by coastal marshes, fertile deltas, and significant oil and gas industries. This area is known for its subtropical climate, vibrant music, distinct cuisines, and susceptibility to hurricanes.

Region: North America (Southeastern United States / Gulf Coast)

Capital: No single capital (major cities include Tallahassee, Baton Rouge, Jackson, Montgomery, Austin)

Official Language: English (de facto); Spanish and Cajun French are also spoken in some areas

Level of Travel Safety: Generally exercise normal precautions. Be aware of higher crime rates in some urban areas and the significant risk of severe weather, particularly hurricanes, during the season.

A map of North America with Southeast highlighted in green.

Why Visit Florida & the Gulf Coast?

Beach Variety: From Miami’s art deco sands to Padre Island’s remote dunes, the coastline is vast and diverse.

Southern Cuisine: Indulge in gumbo, Cuban sandwiches, Tex-Mex tacos, and fresh Gulf shrimp.

Vibrant Music & Culture: Jazz in New Orleans, country in Texas, salsa in Miami.

A stone bridge arching over a tranquil stream in a lush botanical garden.

Unique Natural Landscapes: Airboat through the Everglades, hike Texas hill country, or explore swamps and bayous.

Iconic Festivals: Experience Mardi Gras in New Orleans, rodeos in Houston, or Miami’s Art Basel.

Family Fun: Amusement parks, aquariums, and space centers (NASA’s Johnson & Kennedy).

A tranquil waterway winding through a dense green forest.

Essential Trip Information

The U.S. has strict entry requirements. Check eligibility for the ESTA visa waiver program or apply for a B-1/B-2 tourist visa if needed.

Passports must be valid for at least six months beyond your stay.

Be prepared to show onward travel, accommodation bookings, and proof of sufficient funds.

ESTA approval (US$21) is required at least 72 hours before departure for eligible countries.

  • The U.S. uses the U.S. Dollar (US$). Bills: $1–$100. Coins: 1¢ to 1.

Best Ways to Handle Currency

  • Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount; ATMs offer better rates.

  • During Your Trip: Use major bank ATMs (e.g., Wells Fargo, Chase). Credit/debit cards are widely accepted—carry US$20–50 for small vendors.

  • What to Avoid: Airport currency kiosks and dynamic currency conversion—always choose to pay in USD.

English is the primary language. Spanish is common, especially in Florida and Texas.

Helpful phrases: “Excuse me,” “Thank you,” “Where’s the beach?”

Generally safe, but avoid isolated beaches at night.

Watch belongings during crowded events (e.g., Mardi Gras).

Emergency number: 911

No special vaccinations required.

Travel insurance is recommended (U.S. healthcare is expensive).

Pharmacies like CVS, Walgreens, and Publix are common.

Tap water is safe to drink.

Public transit is limited outside cities; rental car is ideal for coastal exploration.

Cities like Miami, Houston, and New Orleans have buses and metro/light rail.

Uber/Lyft are reliable and widely available.

Ferries and trolleys operate in select tourist hubs (e.g., Tampa, Galveston).

Accommodation

  • Budget: Motels or hostels (US$70–130/night)

  • Mid-range: 3-star hotels (US$150–250/night)

  • Luxury: Resorts, beachfront hotels (US$300+/night)

Food

  • Quick eats: Food trucks, diners (US$10–18)

  • Casual dining: BBQ joints, seafood shacks (US$20–40/person)

  • Fine dining: Southern fusion, steakhouses (US$60+/person)

Drinks

  • Beer: US$5–9 (bars), US$1–3 (stores)

  • Cocktails: US$10–18

Transportation

  • Public transport (in cities): US$2–3/ride

  • Uber/Lyft (short trips): US$10–25

  • Bike rentals: US$10–20/hour

  • Rental car (recommended for rural areas): US$40–80/day

Money-Saving Tips

  • Free beaches across the Gulf Coast.

  • Enjoy affordable Cajun or Cuban meals at family-run spots.

  • Use local ferries (like Galveston-Port Bolivar) for scenic, low-cost travel.

Explore Florida & the Gulf Coast

A vibrant metropolis on Florida’s southeastern coast, famous for its Art Deco architecture in South Beach, Latin American cultural influences in Little Havana, and a buzzing nightlife. It’s a gateway to the Everglades and the Florida Keys.

Located in Central Florida, Orlando is the undisputed theme park capital of the world, home to Walt Disney World, Universal Orlando Resort, and countless other family-friendly attractions. Beyond the parks, there are also excellent dining and shopping options.

A city unlike any other, situated on the Mississippi River in southeastern Louisiana. Known for its distinct Creole and Cajun culture, vibrant live music scene (especially jazz), delicious cuisine, and historic French Quarter.

Consistently ranked among America’s best beaches, this barrier island on Florida’s west coast boasts powdery white sand and calm, shallow Gulf waters, perfect for families. It’s located west of Tampa.

A charming barrier island off Florida’s southwest coast, renowned for its incredible shelling opportunities and unspoiled natural beauty. It’s a haven for nature lovers, located near Fort Myers.

Nicknamed the “World’s Luckiest Fishing Village,” Destin is a popular vacation spot in the Florida Panhandle, celebrated for its emerald-green waters, sugar-white beaches, and abundant fishing charters.

A historic island city on the Gulf Coast of Texas. It offers Victorian architecture, a lively Pleasure Pier, and a rich maritime history, located southeast of Houston.

Located on Florida’s Gulf Coast, Sarasota is a cultural hub known for its beautiful beaches like Siesta Key, vibrant arts scene including The Ringling museum, and thriving culinary landscape.

These twin cities on Alabama’s Gulf Coast offer miles of white-sand beaches, family-friendly attractions, and abundant outdoor activities like fishing and watersports. They are located on the southern tip of Alabama.

A barrier island on the southern tip of Texas, popular for its beautiful beaches, warm Gulf waters, and diverse wildlife, including sea turtles. It’s a prime spot for kiteboarding and birdwatching.

Smart Travel

Key Advantages:

  • Lowest Prices on accommodation and flights
  • Fewer Crowds at popular attractions and beaches
  • Authentic Local Vibe as tourist traffic wanes
  • Warm Water Temperatures for swimming and water sports
  • Hurricane Season Deals (though with inherent risk)

Main Drawbacks:

  • Hot & Humid Temperatures (can exceed 90ºF/32ºC)
  • Peak Hurricane Season with risk of storms and disruptions
  • Daily Afternoon Thunderstorms in many areas
  • Some Businesses May Have Reduced Hours

Key Regions:

  • Florida Panhandle (Destin, Panama City Beach): Quieter beaches, still warm waters, but potential for storms.
  • Gulf Shores & Orange Beach, Alabama: Less crowded, good for budget-conscious travelers, but very hot.
  • Mississippi Gulf Coast (Biloxi, Gulfport): Best for casino deals and indoor attractions due to heat.
  • Texas Gulf Coast (Galveston, South Padre Island): Fewer crowds, but extreme heat and humidity.

Key Advantages:

  • Ideal Weather with comfortable temperatures and lower humidity
  • Manageable Crowds compared to peak season
  • Reasonable Prices on many travel expenses
  • Festivals & Events kick off in spring and autumn
  • Beautiful Blooms (Spring) & Mild Temperatures (Autumn)

Main Drawbacks:

  • Spring Break Crowds can be intense in specific Florida destinations in March.
  • Occasional Cool Fronts in late fall, especially in northern Gulf states.
  • Still a Chance of Rain in both seasons, though less frequent than summer.

Key Regions:

  • Southwest Florida (Naples, Sarasota): Perfect beach weather, vibrant arts scene, fewer crowds than winter.
  • Central Florida (Tampa, St. Petersburg): Excellent for theme parks and outdoor activities without intense heat.
  • New Orleans, Louisiana: Pleasant for exploring the French Quarter, live music, and dining without oppressive humidity.
  • Coastal Georgia & South Carolina: Mild temperatures, charming historic towns, and blooming gardens.
  • Florida Keys: Delightful for snorkeling and water activities with comfortable temperatures.
  • Mid-Winter (December – February, including holidays)
  • Spring Break (March)
  • Summer (June – Mid-August)

Planning Your Trip

Southern Hospitality: Politeness is key—expect “ma’am” and “sir” in Texas/Louisiana.

Tipping: 15–20% at restaurants; US$1–2 per drink at bars.

Dress Code: Casual (shorts/flip-flops) at beaches; smart-casual for upscale dining in cities.

Festival Behavior: Mardi Gras = crowds + revelry, but respect local traditions.

Cajun/Creole Culture: Try new foods (gator, gumbo)—it’s polite to sample!

Accommodation:

  • Budget motels ($60–100), mid-range hotels ($130–250), beachfront luxury ($350+).

Food:

  • Street food/taco trucks ($10–15), sit-down Southern/Cajun meals ($20–35), fine dining ($75+).

Transport:

  • Car rental ($50–90/day), gas ($3–4/gallon), rideshare (varies by city and time).

Activities:

  • Many beaches and festivals are free; museums and tours ($10–50); national/state parks ($5–30 entry).

Daily Budget:

  • Budget: US$90–130 (motels, local food, beach time).

  • Mid-range: US$180–280 (nice hotel, some dining out, paid activities).

  • Luxury: US$400+ (resorts, spa days, private tours).

Free Wi-Fi: Common in cafes, hotels, and beaches (slow in rural areas).

SIM Cards: AT&T/Verizon stores sell prepaid plans (US$30–50 for 10GB).

eSIMs: Supported in major cities (Airalo, T-Mobile).

Recommended for: Hurricane disruptions, medical emergencies (U.S. healthcare is expensive).

Adventure Coverage: Check for exclusions (jet skiing, airboat tours).

Road Trips: Ensure rental car insurance is included.

From beachfront resorts to historic B&Bs, the Gulf Coast has it all.

Hotels:

  • Luxury: The Breakers (Palm Beach), Hotel Monteleone (New Orleans).
  • Mid-range: Margaritaville Resort (Orlando), Drury Inn (San Antonio).
  • Budget: Motel 6, La Quinta (near highways).

Vacation Rentals:

  • Airbnb/VRBO ideal for beach houses (Destin, Gulf Shores) or group stays.

Hostels:

  • Only in major cities (Miami, Austin, New Orleans; US$25–50/night).

Unique Stays:

  • Houseboats (Florida Keys), historic inns (Savannah nearby), or ranch resorts (Texas Hill Country).

Tip: Book beachfront properties 6+ months ahead for peak seasons.

The Gulf Coast is car-dependent, but cities have walkable cores and transit options.

Car Rentals:

  • Essential for Florida’s coasts, Texas Hill Country, and Louisiana bayous.
  • Compare prices—airport rentals are convenient but pricier.

Public Transit:

  • New Orleans: Streetcars (US$1.25/ride) and buses cover the French Quarter.
  • Miami: MetroRail (US$2.25) connects downtown to Coral Gables.
  • Houston: Light rail (US$1.25) serves downtown and museums.

Rideshares/Taxis:

  • Uber/Lyft widely available; surge pricing during Mardi Gras or major events.

Biking/Scooters:

  • Miami Beach, Austin, and New Orleans have bike-share programs (US$10–20/day).

Ferries:

  • Florida Keys (Key West Express) and Galveston, TX (to Pelican Island).

Tip: Rent a car for flexibility, but use rideshares in cities like New Orleans.

Handy Tips

The U.S. uses the U.S. Dollar (US$). Bills come in US$1, 5, 10, 20, 50, and 100 denominations; coins include pennies (1¢), nickels (5¢), dimes (10¢), and quarters (25¢).

  • Exchanging Currency: Avoid airport exchange booths due to high fees. Use bank ATMs for better rates.

  • Using Cards: Visa, Mastercard, and American Express are accepted nearly everywhere. Still, carry small bills for tipping, local food vendors, or small beach-town shops.

  • Tipping Etiquette:

    • Restaurants/Bars: 15–20% (always check if gratuity is included).

    • Taxis/Rideshares: 10–15% or round up.

    • Hotel Staff: US$1–2 per bag for porters, US$2–5/day for housekeeping.

    • Tour Guides: US$5–10 per person for group tours.

English is the primary language across the region, but Spanish is widely spoken, especially in southern Florida and major Texas cities.

  • Helpful phrases:

    • “Where’s the nearest beach?”

    • “How much is this tour?”

    • “Can I pay by card?”

  • Pro Tip: People are generally friendly and chatty, especially in New Orleans and smaller Gulf Coast towns. Don’t rush conversations.

The region is generally safe for tourists, but take standard precautions in busy tourist zones (e.g., Miami Beach, Bourbon Street).

Avoid poorly lit areas late at night and stay alert during Mardi Gras or major festivals.

Emergency Contacts:

  • 911: Police, fire, medical.
  • 311: Non-emergency services.
  • Embassy or Consulate: Most are located in major cities like Miami or Houston

The U.S. uses 120V/60Hz with Type A/B plugs (two flat pins or three-prong grounded plugs). International visitors will need a plug adapter, though modern electronics usually do not need voltage converters.

Tap water is safe to drink across the region. Cities like Miami, Tampa, Houston, and New Orleans filter municipal water to high standards. Restaurants provide free tap water—just ask for water to avoid being sold bottled.

Note that attractions and government offices may be closed on:

  • 1 Jan: New Year’s Day

  • 3rd Mon in Jan: MLK Jr. Day

  • 3rd Mon in Feb: Presidents’ Day

  • Last Mon in May: Memorial Day

  • 4 Jul: Independence Day (spectacular fireworks over Miami Bay or New Orleans Riverfront)

  • 1st Mon in Sep: Labor Day

  • 2nd Mon in Oct: Columbus Day/Indigenous Peoples’ Day

  • 11 Nov: Veterans Day

  • 4th Thu in Nov: Thanksgiving

  • 25 Dec: Christmas Day

Stores: Most open 10:00–21:00. Mall hours vary (e.g., Sawgrass Mills in Florida stays open late).

Pharmacies: CVS and Walgreens are widespread and often 24/7 in larger cities.

Farmers’ Markets: Weekends—check out Miami’s Coconut Grove Market, New Orleans French Market, or Houston Urban Harvest.

Gulf Shrimp Po’ Boy: Crusty French bread filled with fried shrimp, lettuce, tomato, and spicy remoulade (classic in New Orleans).

Cuban Sandwich: Ham, roast pork, Swiss cheese, pickles, and mustard pressed to perfection (try one in Tampa or Miami).

Key West Pink Shrimp: Wild-caught and slightly sweet — often grilled or in tacos.

Grouper Sandwich: A Gulf Coast staple — lightly fried and topped with tartar sauce or slaw.

Stone Crab Claws: A delicacy from Florida’s coasts, served chilled with mustard sauce (season: Oct–May).

Fried Gator Bites: Yes, it tastes like chicken — try with spicy dipping sauces.

Jambalaya: Creole comfort in a bowl — rice, sausage, seafood, and spices.

Oysters Rockefeller: Gulf oysters baked with butter, herbs, and breadcrumbs (best in Mobile or Apalachicola).

Conch Fritters: Deep-fried bites of tender conch — a Caribbean-meets-Florida Keys classic.

Blackened Redfish: Cajun-spiced and seared in a hot skillet — best with sides of greens or hush puppies.

Key Lime Pie: Tart, creamy, and topped with meringue or whipped cream — a must in the Keys.

Beignets: Powdered-sugar pillows of fried dough (go to Café du Monde in New Orleans).

Pineapple Upside-Down Cake: A tropical touch to a classic Southern treat.

Pecan Pralines: Rich, sugary, and buttery — melt-in-your-mouth goodness.

Florida Orange Ice Cream: Creamy citrus-flavored dessert made with local oranges.

Alcoholic:

  • Rum Runner: Fruity rum cocktail born in the Florida Keys — dark, light, banana liqueur, and fruit juices.

  • Hurricane: Potent passion fruit cocktail served in curved glasses (New Orleans icon).

  • Sazerac: One of the first American cocktails, made with rye whiskey and absinthe (try in New Orleans).

  • Frozen Daiquiri: A Gulf Coast beach favorite — especially with mango or strawberry.

  • Craft Beer (Cigar City Brewing, Tampa): Try Jai Alai IPA or their seasonal releases.

  • Abita Beer (Louisiana): Local brews like Abita Amber or Purple Haze are Gulf Coast classics.

  • Margarita with Florida Citrus: A local twist with freshly squeezed local lime or orange juice.

Non-Alcoholic:

  • Sweet Tea: Ubiquitous in the South — cold, sweet, and best with lemon.

  • Cuban Coffee (Cafecito): Strong and sweet espresso shot — a Miami must.

  • Fresh-Squeezed Orange Juice: Florida’s pride — often sold roadside and at breakfast joints.

  • Agua Fresca with Watermelon or Cucumber: Refreshing and popular in Miami’s Latin neighborhoods.

  • Swamp Pop (Cane Sugar Soda): Louisiana-made, quirky flavors like praline cream or satsuma fizz.

Beaches: Clearwater, South Beach (Miami), Galveston, and Destin are popular and picturesque.

Swamp Tours: Take a boat through Louisiana bayous to see gators and cypress trees.

Live Jazz: Frenchmen Street in New Orleans offers nightly performances.

Theme Parks: Orlando is home to Disney World, Universal Studios, and more.

Space Enthusiasts: Visit NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston.

Water Sports: Paddleboarding in Tampa Bay or jet-skiing in the Florida Keys.

Rodeo Culture: Catch the Houston Livestock Show & Rodeo (world’s largest).

Sunset Cruises: Try one in Key West or Pensacola.

Mardi Gras: New Orleans in February/March is a spectacle of parades and beads.

Golf: Championship-level courses from Florida’s coast to Texas hill country.

French Quarter (New Orleans): Historic streets, iron balconies, and live music.

Little Havana (Miami): Stroll Calle Ocho for cigars, dominos, and Cuban culture.

The Alamo (San Antonio, TX): Iconic 1836 battle site.

Creole Plantations (Louisiana): Learn about antebellum history on guided tours.

Art Deco District (Miami Beach): Neon lights, pastel buildings, tropical vibes.

Spanish Missions (Texas): Visit Mission San José or Mission Concepción.

Historic Galveston: 19th-century architecture and haunted mansions.

Juneteenth Celebrations (Texas): Deep historical significance and vibrant parades.

Jazz Museums: Louisiana State Museum or New Orleans Jazz Museum.

NASA’s Space Legacy: Exhibits on U.S. space history in Houston and Cape Canaveral.

Pat O’Brien’s (New Orleans): Legendary courtyard bar with dueling pianos and Hurricanes.

Ball & Chain (Miami, Little Havana): Live salsa bands and historic atmosphere.

Tooth & Nail Wine Bar (Sarasota): Chic, low-lit wine spot with Florida labels.

The Green Parrot (Key West): Divey, loud, legendary — a local favorite since 1890.

Cigar Lounges (Tampa/Ybor City): Smoke a hand-rolled stogie and sip aged rum.

Rooftop Bars (Pensacola Beach): Stunning Gulf views and tropical drinks.

Burlesque Nights (New Orleans): Classic and risqué entertainment in hidden French Quarter lounges.

Live Jazz at Preservation Hall: Intimate, no-frills, pure soul.

Craft Cocktail Bars (St. Pete): Speakeasy vibes and award-winning bartenders.

Sunday Drag Brunch (Miami/Wynwood): Bottomless mimosas and fierce performances.