THAILAND

Welcome to Thailand, the “Land of Smiles”! This captivating Southeast Asian gem boasts a rich history, from ancient kingdoms to its status as the only Southeast Asian nation to avoid European colonization. Geographically diverse, you’ll find lush mountains, fertile plains, and stunning coastlines.

Region: Southeast Asia

Capital: Bangkok

Official Language: Thai

Level of Travel Safety: Thailand is generally safe for tourists, rated as “Level 1: Exercise Normal Precautions” by the U.S. Department of State for most areas, comparable to destinations like Japan. Increased caution is advised for some southern provinces due to civil unrest.

A map of Southeast Asia with Thailand highlighted in green.

Why Visit Thailand?

Temples & Culture: Grand Palace (Bangkok), Wat Arun, and ancient ruins of Ayutthaya.

Beach Paradise: Pristine islands like Phuket, Koh Samui, and Railay.

Affordable Luxury: World-class resorts and spas at fraction of Western prices.

A panoramic view of terraced rice fields winding through rolling green hills under a cloudy sky.

Street Food Heaven: Pad Thai, mango sticky rice, and fiery som tam (papaya salad).

Jungle Adventures: Trekking in Chiang Mai, elephant sanctuaries, and national parks.

Vibrant Nightlife: Full Moon Parties (Koh Phangan), rooftop bars (Bangkok), and night markets.

A serene lake with wooden stilt houses on the shore, surrounded by lush green mountains under a misty sky.

Essential Trip Information

Thailand’s visa policies vary by nationality. Check official requirements here.

Visa-free entry is granted to many passport holders (e.g., U.S., UK, EU) for 30 days (by air) or 15 days (by land).

Passports must be valid for at least 6 months beyond your stay.

Immigration may ask for proof of onward travel, accommodation bookings, and sufficient funds (US$250–500 equivalent).

For longer stays, apply for a Tourist Visa (60 days) or a Visa on Arrival (15 days, eligible nationalities only).

  • Thailand uses the Thai Baht (฿). Bills: ฿20–1,000. Coins: ฿1–10.

Best Ways to Handle Currency:

  • Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount; ATMs offer better rates.

  • During Your Trip: Use ATMs at major banks (Bangkok Bank, Kasikorn). Credit cards (Visa/Mastercard) are accepted in cities, but carry cash for markets/street vendors.

  • What to Avoid: Airport exchange kiosks (poor rates) and dynamic currency conversion (always choose THB).

Thai is the official language. English is spoken in tourist areas.

Helpful phrases:

  • “Sawasdee” (Hello).
  • “Khop khun” (Thank you).
  • “Tao rai?” (How much?).

Generally safe, but watch for scams (e.g., gem scams, tuk-tuk overcharging).

Avoid political protests and be cautious in crowded areas (pickpocketing).

Emergency number: 191 (police), 1155 (tourist police).

No mandatory vaccinations, but Hepatitis A/Typhoid are recommended.

Travel insurance is advised (hospitals are good but pricey for foreigners).

Tap water is unsafe; drink bottled water. Pharmacies (e.g., Boots) are widely available.

Tuk-tuks/Taxis: Negotiate fares or use meters.

Trains: Cheap and scenic (Bangkok to Chiang Mai: ~US$15–30).

Domestic flights: Budget airlines (AirAsia, Nok Air) for long distances (~US$30–80).

Ferries: Island-hopping (e.g., Phuket to Phi Phi: ~US$20–40).

Thailand ranges from budget-friendly to luxury, with cities like Bangkok and Phuket being pricier.

Accommodation:

  • Budget: Hostels/guesthouses (US$10–30/night).

  • Mid-range: 3-star hotels (US$40–80/night).

  • Luxury: Resorts/5-star hotels (US$120+/night).

Food:

  • Street food: ฿30–100 (US$1–3).

  • Casual dining: ฿150–300 (US$5–10/person).

  • Fine dining: ฿600+ (US$20+/person).

Drinks:

  • Beer: ฿60–120 (US$2–4) in bars; ฿30–50 1–2) in stores.

  • Cocktails: ฿150–300 (US$5–10).

Transportation:

  • Tuk-tuks/taxis: ฿50–300 (US$2–10) for short trips.

  • Metro (Bangkok): ฿15–50 (US$0.50–2)/ride.

  • Intercity buses/trains: ฿100–500 (US$3–15).

Money-Saving Tips:

  • Eat at street stalls (safe and delicious).

  • Use Bolt/Grab (cheaper than taxis).

  • Book trains/buses via 12Go Asia for discounts.

Explore Thailand

Thailand’s bustling capital in the central region is a captivating blend of ancient temples, towering skyscrapers, vibrant street markets, and lively nightlife. Explore the magnificent Grand Palace and Wat Arun, ride a tuk-tuk, and indulge in world-class street food.

Located in Northern Thailand, this cultural hub is nestled amidst mountains and lush landscapes. Known for its ancient temples, elephant sanctuaries, vibrant night bazaars, and traditional Lanna charm, it offers a more relaxed pace than Bangkok.

Thailand’s largest island, situated in the Andaman Sea off the southwest coast, is renowned for its stunning white-sand beaches, crystal-clear waters, and vibrant nightlife. It’s a popular base for island hopping to nearby gems.

On Thailand’s Andaman Sea coast in the south, Krabi is famous for its dramatic limestone karsts, emerald waters, and beautiful beaches like Railay. It’s a paradise for rock climbing, kayaking, and island excursions.

A stunning archipelago in the Andaman Sea, part of Krabi province, famous for Maya Bay (made famous by “The Beach” movie) and breathtaking towering cliffs, turquoise waters, and vibrant marine life perfect for snorkeling and diving.

Located in the Gulf of Thailand off the east coast, this popular island offers a diverse appeal from lively beaches like Chaweng to more secluded, luxurious resorts. It’s known for its palm-fringed beaches, dense rainforests, and coconut groves.

A UNESCO World Heritage Site located north of Bangkok in the central plains. This ancient city was once the capital of the Kingdom of Siam, and its impressive ruined temples and Buddha statues offer a glimpse into Thailand’s rich history.

Another magnificent UNESCO World Heritage Site in Northern Thailand, showcasing the ruins of Sukhothai, the first capital of Siam. The serene park features well-preserved temples, monuments, and Buddha images, ideal for exploring by bicycle.

Found in Southern Thailand, primarily in Surat Thani province, this ancient rainforest is one of the world’s oldest evergreen rainforests. It features dramatic limestone cliffs, serene Cheow Lan Lake, and diverse wildlife, offering unique jungle and lake adventures.

The northernmost major city in Thailand, often visited as a day trip from Chiang Mai. It’s home to the striking White Temple (Wat Rong Khun) and the unique Blue Temple (Wat Rong Suea Ten), offering distinctive artistic and architectural wonders.

Smart Travel

Key Advantages:

  • Lowest Prices on flights and accommodation (up to 50% less)
  • Fewer Crowds at popular attractions
  • Lush, Green Landscapes perfect for photography
  • Waterfalls are at their fullest
  • More Authentic Local Vibe
  • Ideal for budget travelers

Main Drawbacks:

  • Higher Humidity and Frequent Rain (though often in short, heavy bursts)
  • Rougher Seas in some coastal areas, impacting island hopping
  • Some smaller islands or activities may close
  • Limited outdoor activities in continuous heavy rain

Key Regions:

  • Northern Thailand (Chiang Mai, Chiang Rai): Rain makes the landscape incredibly green and vibrant; pleasant temperatures around 77-86ºF (25-30ºC).
  • Central Plains (Bangkok): City exploration is still possible, with cooler temperatures than the hot season. Temperatures typically range 82-88ºF (28-31ºC).
  • Gulf Coast Islands (Koh Samui, Koh Phangan, Koh Tao): Often experience less rainfall than the Andaman coast, making them a good option. Temperatures typically range 81-86ºF (27-30ºC).

Key Advantages:

  • Manageable Crowds compared to peak season
  • Reasonable Prices on travel and accommodation
  • Good Weather for beach activities (March-April before heavy rains)
  • Festivals & Events (e.g., Songkran in April)
  • Transitioning Landscapes from dry to lush or vice versa

Main Drawbacks:

  • High Temperatures (especially March-April, up to 95-104ºF / 35-40ºC)
  • Higher Humidity than the cool season
  • Can be quite dry in early shoulder season
  • Some occasional, unpredictable rain in October

Key Regions:

  • Andaman Coast (Phuket, Krabi, Koh Phi Phi): Excellent for beach and island activities before the main monsoon arrives. Temperatures typically range 84-91ºF (29-33ºC).
  • Northern Thailand (Chiang Mai): Still good for trekking and cultural exploration before the heaviest rains. Temperatures typically range 86-95ºF (30-35ºC).
  • Bangkok: Hot but still enjoyable for city exploration, especially around Songkran. Temperatures typically range 86-93ºF (30-34ºC).
  • Cool Season (November – February)
  • Christmas and New Year Holiday Period
  • Chinese New Year

Planning Your Trip

Respect the Monarchy: Avoid criticizing the royal family (illegal).

Temple Etiquette: Cover shoulders/knees; remove shoes before entering.

Feet Considered Dirty: Don’t point feet at people or Buddha images.

Greetings: Use the “wai” (hands pressed together) for hello/thank you.

Tipping: Not mandatory but appreciated (US$1–2 for tours, 10% in upscale restaurants).

Accommodation: Hostels (US$5–20), hotels( 30–100), luxury (US$200+).

Food: Street food (US$1–3), casual meal 5–10), fine dining (US$30+).

Transport: Local buses (US$1–5), flights 30–80), ferries (US$10–30).

Activities: Temples (US$2–5), scuba diving 60–100), cooking classes (US$25–50).

Daily Budget:

  • Budget: US$25–50 (hostels, street food, buses).

  • Mid-range: US$70–150 (hotels, tours, meals out).

  • Luxury: US$200+ (resorts, private guides).

Free Wi-Fi: Common in hotels, cafes, and malls.

SIM Cards: Buy at airports (AIS, DTAC, TrueMove; ~US$10 for 15GB data).

eSIMs: Supported (Airalo, Nomad).

Essential for: Medical emergencies (hospitals are good but pricey for foreigners).

Adventure Coverage: Check if it includes motorbiking, diving, or trekking.

Recommended Providers: World Nomads, SafetyWing.

Thailand offers stays for every budget, from hostels to luxury resorts.

Luxury Resorts:

  • Beachfront villas (Phuket, Koh Samui; US$200–500+/night).
  • Boutique hotels (Chiang Mai; US$100–300).

Mid-Range Hotels:

  • Clean, comfortable (US$30–100/night), often with pools.

Hostels/Guesthouses:

  • Backpacker hubs (Khao San Road, Bangkok; US$5–20/night).

Airbnb:

  • Great for groups (US$25–100/night; check reviews).

Unique Stays:

  • Jungle lodges (Khao Sok), floating bungalows (Kanchanaburi).

Tip: Book ahead in peak season (Dec–Feb) and check for air conditioning in hot months.

Thailand’s transport network is extensive and affordable.

Domestic Flights:

  • Fastest option for long distances (Bangkok to Chiang Mai or Phuket; US$30–80 one-way).
  • Airlines: Thai Airways, Bangkok Airways, AirAsia.

Trains:

  • Scenic but slow (overnight sleeper trains Bangkok–Chiang Mai; US$20–50).
  • Book in advance for air-conditioned cabins.

Buses:

  • Cheap and reliable (VIP buses for long trips; US$10–30).
  • Avoid non-reputable companies for safety.

Tuk-tuks & Taxis:

  • Negotiate fares beforehand (short rides ~US$2–5). Use Grab (ride-hailing app) for transparency.

Motorbike Rentals:

  • Popular in islands and Chiang Mai (~US$5–10/day). Wear a helmet—roads can be dangerous.

Ferries/Boats:

  • Island-hopping (e.g., Phuket to Koh Phi Phi; US$20–40). Check weather in rainy season.

Tip: Combine flights for long distances and local transport for short trips.

Handy Tips

Thailand uses the Thai Baht (฿). Bills come in ฿20 (green), ฿50 (blue), ฿100 (red), ฿500 (purple), and ฿1,000 (beige) denominations. Coins include ฿1, ฿2, ฿5, and ฿10.

Exchanging Currency:

  • Avoid airport exchange counters (poor rates). Use ATMs (withdrawal fee ~฿220/US$6 per transaction) or SuperRich (best exchange rates in cities).
  • US dollars are NOT widely accepted—always carry Baht.

Using Cards:

  • Credit/debit cards (Visa, Mastercard) work in hotels, malls, and upscale restaurants, but cash is king for street food, markets, and taxis.
  • Notify your bank of travel plans to avoid card blocks.

Tipping Etiquette (Not Mandatory but Appreciated):

  • Restaurants: Round up or leave ฿20–50 (US$0.5-1.5; smaller bills). High-end places may add 10% service charge.
  • Taxis: Round up (e.g., ฿85 fare → pay ฿100).
  • Tour Guides: ฿200–500/day (US$5-15) for private guides.
  • Massage Therapists: ฿50–100 (US$1-3) for a 1-hour massage.

Thai is the official language. English is spoken in tourist areas, but basic phrases help:

  • “Sà-wàt-dee kráp/ka” (Hello, male/female)

  • “Kòp kun kráp/ka” (Thank you)

  • “Tao rai?” (How much?)

  • “Mai phet” (Not spicy—say this if you can’t handle heat!)

  • “Hong nam yoo tee nai?” (Where’s the bathroom?)
    Pro Tip: Thais value politeness—add “kráp” (male) or “ka” (female) to sentences.

Thailand is generally safe, but watch for:

Pickpockets in crowded markets (e.g., Bangkok’s Khao San Road).

Scams (e.g., tuk-tuk drivers offering “too-good” temple tours).

Emergency Contacts:

  • 191 Police
  • 1669 Medical emergencies
  • 1155 Tourist Police (English-speaking)
  • Your Embassy: Save the location (major embassies in Bangkok).

Thailand uses 220V/50Hz with Type A/B/C/O sockets (two flat pins or round pins). Bring a universal adapter; converters are rarely needed for phones/laptops.

Tap water is NOT safe to drink. Stick to bottled water (฿10–20/liter; US$0.3-0.6). Restaurants serve filtered ice, but confirm with “nam keng mai chai nam tap, na?” (Is ice made from tap water?).

Major holidays (banks/government offices close):

  • 1 Jan: New Year’s Day

  • Apr (varies): Songkran (Thai New Year—expect water fights nationwide!)

  • 12 Aug: Queen’s Birthday/Mother’s Day

  • 5 Dec: King’s Birthday/Father’s Day

  • 31 Dec: New Year’s Eve

Note: Transport and hotels book up fast during Songkran (mid-Apr) and Loy Krathong (Nov).

Markets: 6:00–22:00 (floating markets open early, e.g., Damnoen Saduak at 7:00).

Malls: 10:00–22:00 (e.g., MBK, Siam Paragon in Bangkok).

7-Eleven: 24/7 (life-saver for snacks, SIM cards, and toiletries).

Pad Thai: Stir-fried rice noodles with tamarind sauce, shrimp, tofu, peanuts, and lime.

Tom Yum Goong: Spicy shrimp soup with lemongrass, galangal, and chili.

Green Curry (Gaeng Keow Wan): Rich coconut curry with chicken, eggplant, and basil.

Som Tam: Zesty green papaya salad with chili, lime, and peanuts—especially good with sticky rice.

Massaman Curry: Mild, Muslim-influenced curry with potatoes, peanuts, and beef or chicken.

Laab (Larb): Minced meat salad (often pork or chicken) with lime, herbs, and roasted rice powder.

Grilled Chicken (Gai Yang): Often served roadside, marinated and charcoal-grilled to perfection.

Khao Soi: Northern-style coconut curry noodle soup, topped with crispy noodles.

Mango Sticky Rice (Khao Niew Mamuang): Sweet coconut sticky rice with ripe mango slices.

Roti with Banana and Condensed Milk: Crispy-fried dough filled with banana and drizzled with sweet milk.

Alcoholic:

  • Monsoon Valley Wine: Thailand’s flagship wine, grown in Hua Hin—try the Shiraz or Colombard.

  • Sato: Traditional Thai rice wine—mildly sweet and often homemade.

  • SangSom Rum: Iconic Thai sugarcane rum—great in cocktails or with cola.

  • Mekhong: Thailand’s original spirit—a smooth blend of whiskey and herbs.

  • Leo Beer: One of the most popular local lagers—full-bodied and crisp.

  • Chang Beer: Iconic Thai beer, often paired with spicy food.

  • Singha Beer: Thailand’s oldest brewery, with a smoother, less bitter finish than Chang.

Non-Alcoholic:

  • Thai Iced Tea (Cha Yen): Sweet orange-hued black tea with condensed milk—served cold.

  • Thai Iced Coffee (Oliang): Strong coffee over ice with sweetened condensed milk.

  • Nam Manao: Fresh lime juice with sugar and water—ultra-refreshing.

  • Coconut Water: Sold fresh in the shell—cool, hydrating, and delicious.

  • Roselle Juice: Tangy hibiscus drink, ruby red and rich in antioxidants.

Grand Palace & Emerald Buddha (Bangkok—dress modestly!).

Ayutthaya (Ancient temple ruins—UNESCO site).

Sukhothai (Birthplace of Thai civilization).

Hill Tribes (Chiang Mai—visit ethically, e.g., Karen villages).

Loy Krathong (Nov festival—floating lanterns on water).

Yi Peng (Chiang Mai’s lantern festival—stunning sky release).

Thai Massage (Try Wat Pho’s massage school).

Longtail Boat Ride (Through Bangkok’s canals or Phang Nga Bay).

Jim Thompson House (Bangkok—mystery of the silk king).

Phi Ta Khon Festival (Dan Sai’s “Ghost Festival” with masks).

Muay Thai Fight (Lumpinee Stadium in Bangkok).

Full Moon Party (Koh Phangan—monthly beach rave).

Elephant Sanctuaries (Ethical ones only—e.g., Elephant Nature Park).

Island Hopping (Krabi, Phi Phi, Koh Samui).

Floating Markets (Damnoen Saduak or Amphawa).

Thai Cooking Class (Chiang Mai or Bangkok).

Temple Tours (Wat Arun, Wat Pho’s Reclining Buddha).

Night Markets (Rot Fai Market in Bangkok for vintage finds).

Beach Yoga (Koh Lanta or Koh Tao).

Ladyboy Cabaret (Calypso Bangkok or Tiffany’s Pattaya).

Sky Bar (Bangkok): Rooftop bar with panoramic views, made famous by The Hangover II.

Iron Fairies (Bangkok): Steampunk bar with handcrafted cocktails and jazz.

Zoe in Yellow (Chiang Mai): Backpacker favorite for dance, drinks, and late-night fun.

The Bamboo Bar (Mandarin Oriental): Legendary jazz bar with a vintage feel.

Beach Clubs in Koh Samui: Think Nikki Beach or SEEN Beach Club for cocktails by the sea.

Reggae Bar (Koh Phi Phi): Fire shows, live music, and a casual vibe.

Maggie Choo’s (Bangkok): Opium-den inspired speakeasy with cabaret and live music.

Saxophone Pub (Bangkok): Laid-back live jazz and blues since the 80s.

Glow Nightclub: Underground house and techno in Bangkok.

Full Moon Party (Koh Phangan): Monthly beach rave with neon paint and epic crowds.