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PERU

Peru is a land of contrasts, where the mighty Andes rise high above the Pacific coast, creating an awe-inspiring backdrop to a rich history and diverse geography. From the Amazon rainforest, teeming with life, to the high-altitude city of Cusco, once the heart of the Inca Empire, Peru offers a tapestry of landscapes that are as captivating as they are varied. The Andes, which stretch from north to south, are more than just mountains—they are sacred to the Peruvian people, shaping both their culture and identity. The famous Machu Picchu, nestled in these mountains, continues to draw visitors from around the world, offering a glimpse into the Inca civilization’s remarkable architectural prowess.

Historically, Peru was home to some of the most advanced pre-Columbian civilizations, including the Incas, whose empire stretched across much of the Andes. In the 16th century, the Spanish arrived, bringing colonial architecture, religion, and new economic systems that would shape the country’s future. Today, Peru’s diverse cultural influences are evident in its cuisine, festivals, and traditions. With lush jungles, vast deserts, and towering peaks, Peru is not only a country of stunning natural beauty but also one of historical depth, where ancient ruins and vibrant modern cities coexist harmoniously.

Why Visit Peru?

Machu Picchu: The iconic Inca citadel, a UNESCO wonder.

Amazon Rainforest: Wildlife-rich lodges near Iquitos or Puerto Maldonado.

Cusco & Sacred Valley: Inca ruins, vibrant markets, and Andean culture.

Lima’s Food Scene: World’s top culinary capital (ceviche, Nikkei cuisine).

Lake Titicaca: Floating Uros Islands and Taquile’s textiles.

Adventure Hub: Trekking (Inca Trail, Huayna Picchu), sandboarding (Huacachina).

Smart Travel: Off-Season Deals & Delights

Key Advantages:

    • Lowest Prices: Flights and accommodation rates are at their absolute lowest.
    • Fewer Crowds: Major attractions like Machu Picchu, historical sites, and cities are significantly less crowded, offering a more intimate experience.
    • Authentic Local Vibe: Experience Peru like a local, with more opportunities to interact with residents and enjoy a serene atmosphere.
    • Dry Season in the Highlands (November-December): While globally it’s “winter,” November and December in the Andean highlands of Peru are typically part of the dry season, offering excellent weather for hiking and exploring without the heavy rains that come later in the “wet season” (January-March).
    • Unique Festivals (January-February): Experience local festivals like the Feast of the Virgin of Candelaria in Puno (February) or Carnival celebrations, which offer a vibrant cultural immersion.

Main Drawbacks:

    • Rainy Season in the Highlands (January – March): This period brings more significant rainfall, particularly in the Andes, which can impact hiking conditions and visibility at sites like Machu Picchu.
    • Hot & Humid Coast: The coastal region can be very hot and humid, especially in Lima and north, which might be uncomfortable for some.
    • Limited Outdoor Activities (due to rain): Some multi-day treks in the Andes might be more challenging or less enjoyable due to rain.
    • Shorter Days: Daylight hours are shorter compared to the peak season.

Regions:

    • Lima: The capital city is less crowded, making it easier to explore its museums, culinary scene, and historical center. While it can be humid, it offers a more relaxed pace.
    • Arequipa & Colca Canyon: Arequipa’s stunning architecture and the majestic Colca Canyon are beautiful in the low season. While there might be occasional rain, the crowds are minimal, allowing for a more peaceful experience.
    • Paracas & Huacachina: The coastal desert oases are still enjoyable, with opportunities for wildlife spotting on the Ballestas Islands and dune buggying in Huacachina with fewer tourists.
    • Cusco & Machu Picchu (November-December): These months can be excellent for visiting the iconic Inca sites. While still part of the low season, the rain hasn’t fully set in, offering a sweet spot of fewer crowds and good weather for trekking and exploration.

Key Advantages:

    • Ideal Weather (March-May): As the rainy season in the highlands subsides, the landscapes are lush and green, and temperatures are pleasant for sightseeing and outdoor activities.
    • Ideal Weather (September-October): The dry season is in full swing in the highlands, offering clear skies and comfortable temperatures for trekking.
    • Manageable Crowds: Tourist numbers are lower than in peak summer, but attractions are fully open and vibrant.
    • Reasonable Prices: Flights and accommodation are more affordable than in summer, though slightly higher than deep winter.
    • Blooming Landscapes (Spring): After the rains, the Andean landscapes are particularly vibrant and green.
    • Optimal Trekking Conditions (September-October): These months are considered prime for trekking the Inca Trail and other Andean routes due to consistently dry and clear weather.

Main Drawbacks:

    • Transition Weather (March): Early March can still see residual rain from the wet season in the highlands.
    • Increasing Crowds (May & September-October): While not peak season, tourist numbers do start to pick up in May and during September-October, especially on popular routes like the Inca Trail.
    • Higher Prices (May & September-October): Prices will be slightly higher than the deep off-season due to increased demand.

Regions:

    • Cusco & Sacred Valley: Excellent weather for exploring the ancient Inca capital, the Sacred Valley, and the various archaeological sites. Treks are highly enjoyable during these periods.
    • Machu Picchu: Fantastic conditions for visiting the wonder of the world, with fewer crowds than peak season but generally clear skies.
    • Lake Titicaca (Puno): Enjoy boat trips to the Uros floating islands and Taquile Island with pleasant temperatures and fewer visitors.
    • Peruvian Amazon (Puerto Maldonado, Iquitos): The shoulder seasons can offer a good balance of less intense rainfall compared to the height of the wet season, and generally more accessible wildlife viewing.

Mid-June to Mid-August: This is Peru’s peak tourist season, coinciding with the dry season in the Andes and summer holidays in the Northern Hemisphere. Prices for flights and accommodation are at their highest, and popular attractions, especially Machu Picchu and the Inca Trail, will be extremely crowded. While the weather in the highlands is generally excellent, the value for money is significantly lower, and advance bookings for everything are essential.

Easter (Semana Santa): While not a traditional “peak season” for international tourism, Easter brings a surge in domestic tourism, especially to religious sites and major cities. Prices for accommodation and transport can increase significantly, and popular areas will be crowded during this period.

Inti Raymi (June 24th, Cusco): The annual Festival of the Sun in Cusco is a major cultural event that draws significant crowds and drives up prices for the week surrounding the festival. If you plan to attend, book well in advance.

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Essential Trip Information

  • Check Peru’s official visa website for requirements based on your nationality. Many countries (e.g., U.S., Canada, EU) receive a 90-day visa-free entry.

  • Passports must be valid for at least six months beyond your stay.

  • Immigration may ask for proof of onward travel, accommodation bookings, or sufficient funds (US$50–100/day).

  • Tourist visas (if required) cost ~US$30–100; apply in advance at a Peruvian consulate.

  • Peru uses the Sol (PEN). Bills: 10–200 soles. Coins: 0.10–5 soles.

  • Best Ways to Handle Currency:

    • Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount; ATMs offer better rates.

    • During Your Trip: Use ATMs at major banks (BBVA, Interbank). Credit cards (Visa/Mastercard) work in cities, but carry 50–100 soles (US$13–26) cash for rural areas.

    • Avoid: Street money changers (scams) and dynamic currency conversion (always pay in soles).

  • Spanish is official; Quechua is spoken in the Andes.

  • Helpful phrases: “Hola,” “Gracias,” “¿Cuánto cuesta?”

  • English is understood in tourist areas.

  • Generally safe, but:

    • Watch for pickpockets in crowded areas (Lima, Cusco).

    • Avoid unregistered taxis (use Uber or official apps).

    • Emergency number: 105 (police), 116 (tourist police).

  • Vaccinations: Yellow fever (Amazon regions), Hepatitis A, typhoid.

  • Altitude sickness: Acclimate in Cusco before hiking. Drink coca tea.

  • Tap water: Not safe to drink; buy bottled water.

  • Buses: Most common for long distances (Cruz del Sur, Oltursa).

  • Domestic flights: Affordable (Lima→Cusco: US$50–150).

  • Taxis: Negotiate fares or use apps (Uber, Beat).

Peru ranges from budget-friendly to mid-range, with luxury options in tourist hubs.

Accommodation

  • Budget: Hostels/guesthouses (US$10–25/night).

  • Mid-range: 3-star hotels (US$40–80/night).

  • Luxury: 5-star hotels (US$150+/night, e.g., Lima/Cusco).

Food

  • Quick eats: Street food (US$1–5), 3–7).

  • Casual dining: US$10–20/person.

  • Fine dining: US$30+/person (e.g., Lima’s Michelin-starred Central).

Drinks

  • Beer: US$1–3 (stores), 3–6 (bars).

  • Pisco sour: US$5–10.

Transportation

  • Buses: Long-distance (US$10–50, e.g., Lima→Cusco).

  • Taxis/Uber: Short rides (US$3–10 in cities).

  • Trains: Machu Picchu (US$50–200 round-trip).

Money-Saving Tips

  • Eat at local markets (e.g., San Pedro in Cusco).

  • Use collectivos (shared vans) for cheap intercity travel.

  • Book Machu Picchu tickets months ahead (limited daily entries).

Explore Peru

MACHU PICCHU
CUSCO
LIMA
THE SACRED VALLEY
AREQUIPA
PUNO AND LAKE TITICACA
IQUITOS AND THE AMAZON
PARACAS AND THE NASCA LINES
THE COLCA CANYON
HUARAZ AND THE NORTHERN ANDES

Planning Your Trip

Peru’s diverse geography means weather varies by region. The ideal time depends on your itinerary.

Dry Season (May–October):

  • Best for: Trekking (Inca Trail, Huayna Picchu), coastal cities, and desert landscapes.
  • Andes/Cusco: Sunny days (60–70°F / 15–21°C), cold nights (40°F / 4°C). Crowds peak in June–August.
  • Coast (Lima, Paracas): Mild temperatures (65–75°F / 18–24°C), occasional fog (garúa).
  • Amazon: Less rain, better wildlife spotting (80–90°F / 27–32°C).

Wet Season (November–April):

  • Best for: Lush landscapes, fewer tourists, and lower prices.
  • Andes: Frequent rain (50–65°F / 10–18°C). Inca Trail closes in February.
  • Amazon: Hot and humid with heavy rainfall (85–95°F / 29–35°C).
  • Coast: Sunny and warm (75–85°F / 24–29°C), great for beaches.

Tip: May–September is ideal for most travelers, but book Inca Trail permits 6+ months ahead.

  • Greetings: A handshake or light hug is common. Say “Buenas” (hello).

  • Dress Code: Casual but modest in rural areas. Resort wear is fine at beaches.

  • Tipping:

    • Restaurants: 10% is customary (check if service charge is included).

    • Taxis: Round up the fare.

  • Bargaining: Acceptable in markets (e.g., Mola textiles), not in stores.

  • Accommodation: Hostels (US$10–30), 50–150), luxury (US$200+).

  • Food: Street food (US$2–5), local meal 8–15), fine dining (US$30+).

  • Transport: Buses (US$20–50), 50–150), trains (US$60–200).

  • Activities: Machu Picchu (US$50–150), 20–100).

Daily Budget:

  • Budget: US$30–50 (hostels, street food, buses).

  • Mid-range: US$80–150 (hotels, tours, meals).

  • Luxury: US$200+ (boutique stays, private guides).

  • Free Wi-Fi: Available in cafes/hotels (slow in rural areas).

  • SIM Cards: Claro/Entel (US$5–10 for 1–3GB). Buy at airports or stores.

  • eSIMs: Supported (Airalo, Holafly).

  • Essential for: Altitude sickness, trekking, flight delays.

  • Coverage: Ensure it includes high-altitude hikes (e.g., Inca Trail).

  • Healthcare: Private clinics (e.g., Clinica Anglo-Americana in Lima) are pricey.

Tip: Acclimate 2–3 days in Cusco before hiking to avoid altitude sickness.

Peru offers everything from colonial mansions to Amazon lodges.

Luxury

  • Historic hotels: Belmond Hotel Monasterio (Cusco), Palacio Nazarenas.
  • Jungle: Inkaterra Reserva Amazonica (Puerto Maldonado).
  • Beach: Hotel Paracas, a Luxury Collection Resort.

Mid-range

  • Boutique stays: Tierra Viva Hotels (multiple cities), Antigua Casona San Blas (Cusco).
  • Eco-lodges: Treehouse Lodge (Amazon), Gocta Natura Reserve (Chachapoyas).

Budget

  • Hostels: Wild Rover, Pariwana (Lima, Cusco) – ~US$10–25/night.
  • Guesthouses: Local hospedajes in Sacred Valley – ~US$20–40/night.

Unique Stays

  • Skylodge Adventure Suites: Transparent pods on a cliffside in Sacred Valley.
  • Community homestays: Lake Titicaca (US$20–30 with meals).

Tip: Book Machu Picchu accommodations well in advance (especially Aguas Calientes) during dry season.

Peru’s size demands a mix of transport options.

Flights:

  • Domestic airlines (LATAM, Sky Airline) connect Lima, Cusco, Arequipa, and Iquitos (US$50–150 one-way).
  • Book early for peak-season discounts.

Buses:

  • Long-distance: Cruz del Sur (luxury), Oltursa (budget) for Lima-Cusco (US$25–50, 20+ hours).
  • Regional: Collectivos (shared vans) for short trips (e.g., Cusco to Sacred Valley).

Trains:

  • Inca Rail/Peru Rail: Scenic rides to Machu Picchu (US$60–200 one-way).
  • Taxis/Rideshares:
  • In cities: Use Uber or Cabify (safer than street taxis). Negotiate fares for short rides (US$3–10).

Car Rental:

  • Not recommended for beginners—chaotic traffic, poor rural roads.

Tip: Pack light—many buses/trains have strict luggage limits.

Handy Tips

Peru uses the Sol (PEN). Bills come in 10, 20, 50, 100, and 200 soles; coins include 1, 2, and 5 soles, plus smaller céntimos (1, 5, 10, 20, 50).

  • Exchanging Currency: Avoid airport kiosks (poor rates). Use ATMs (labeled “Global Net” or “BBVA”) or banks. US$100 bills are easiest to exchange (must be crisp, unmarked).

  • Using Cards: Cards (Visa/Mastercard) work in cities, but cash is king in markets, rural areas, and small vendors.

  • Tipping Etiquette:

    • Restaurants: 10% is standard (check if “servicio” is included).

    • Tours: US$5–10/day for guides; 2–3 for drivers.

    • Porters/Hotel Staff: US$1–2 per bag or service.

Spanish is official; Quechua and Aymara are spoken in the Andes. Helpful phrases:

  • “¿Cuánto cuesta?” (How much?)

  • “¿Dónde está el baño?” (Where’s the bathroom?)

  • “La cuenta, por favor” (The bill, please).
    Pro Tip: Learn basic Spanish—locals appreciate the effort. English is limited outside tourist areas.

  • Safe areas: Lima’s Miraflores/Barranco, Cusco’s historic center.

  • Caution: Pickpockets in crowded markets (e.g., Lima’s Mercado Central), solo hiking at altitude.

  • Emergency Contacts:

    • 105: Police.

    • 116: Medical emergencies.

220V/60Hz with Type A/C plugs (two flat pins or two round pins). Bring an adapter; converters rarely needed for phones/laptops.

Tap water is unsafe to drink. Buy bottled water (US$0.50–1 per liter) or use purification tablets. Restaurants serve “agua embotellada” (bottled).

Major closures on:

  • 1 Jan: New Year’s Day.

  • Mar/Apr: Holy Week (processions in Cusco).

  • 1 May: Labor Day.

  • 28–29 Jul: Independence Day (parades, fireworks).

  • 30 Aug: Santa Rosa de Lima.

  • 8 Oct: Battle of Angamos.

  • 1 Nov: All Saints’ Day.

  • 25 Dec: Christmas.
    Note: Museums/shops may close early on holidays.

  • Stores: 9:00–20:00 (malls open later; rural shops close for siesta).

  • Markets: Best early (e.g., San Pedro Market in Cusco opens at 6:00).

  • Pharmacies: “Boticas” (24-hour in cities).

  • Ceviche: Fresh fish marinated in tangy lime juice, served with onions, cilantro, and chili peppers.

  • Lomo Saltado: Stir-fried beef, potatoes, tomatoes, and onions, a perfect blend of Chinese and Peruvian cuisine.

  • Aji de Gallina: A creamy, spicy chicken stew served with rice and boiled potatoes.

  • Causa Rellena: A layered potato dish filled with tuna, chicken, or avocado and topped with a spicy dressing.

  • Pachamanca: A traditional Andean dish of meat, potatoes, and corn cooked in an underground oven.

  • Tamales: Steamed corn dough filled with meat, olives, and spices.

  • Anticuchos: Grilled skewers of beef heart, marinated in a flavorful blend of spices.

  • Papa a la Huancaina: Boiled potatoes served with a creamy, cheese-based sauce.

  • Turrón de Doña Pepa: A traditional Peruvian dessert made with anise-flavored dough, syrup, and sprinkles.

  • Mazamorra Morada: A sweet purple corn pudding, often served with rice pudding.

Alcoholic:

  • Pisco Sour: Peru’s national cocktail made with Pisco, lemon juice, egg whites, and bitters.

  • Pisco: A grape brandy that is the base of many traditional drinks, including the Pisco Sour.

  • Chicha Morada: A sweet drink made from purple corn, often served chilled.

  • Inca Kola: A yellow, sweet soda that is uniquely popular in Peru.

  • Cusqueña: A premium beer brewed in the city of Cusco.

  • Cervecería Barbarian: A popular craft beer brand in Peru.

  • Macchu Pisco: A fruity and refreshing cocktail made with Pisco and tropical fruit juices.

Non-Alcoholic:

  • Mate de Coca: A tea made from coca leaves, often consumed to combat altitude sickness.

  • Emoliente: A herbal drink often consumed in the morning, with a variety of herbs, barley, and sugar.

  • Chicha de Jora: A fermented corn drink that has been brewed by Andean cultures for centuries.

  • Lúcuma Smoothie: A smoothie made from the sweet and creamy lúcuma fruit, often mixed with milk.

  • Aguajina: A refreshing juice made from the aguaje fruit, common in the Amazon region.

  • Machu Picchu: An ancient Incan city set high in the Andes, one of the Seven Wonders of the World.

  • Cusco: The former capital of the Inca Empire, where Incan and Spanish architecture coexist.

  • The Sacred Valley: A region filled with historical sites like Ollantaytambo and Pisac, surrounded by stunning mountains.

  • Lake Titicaca: The world’s highest navigable lake, home to floating islands and ancient cultures.

  • Nazca Lines: Mysterious, ancient geoglyphs etched into the desert floor, best viewed from the sky.

  • The Colca Canyon: One of the deepest canyons in the world, home to the majestic Andean condor.

  • Arequipa: A city known for its colonial architecture, including the Santa Catalina Monastery and the stunning Misti Volcano.

  • Iquitos: The gateway to the Peruvian Amazon, offering unique wildlife experiences and indigenous culture.

  • The Inca Trail: A historic hiking route that leads to Machu Picchu, passing through stunning landscapes and Inca ruins.

  • Puno: The city on the shores of Lake Titicaca, with its colorful festivals and traditional dance.

  • Free Museums: Visit the Museo de Oro in Lima to see gold artifacts from ancient Peru, or the Museo Larco for an in-depth look at pre-Columbian history.

  • Nightlife: Head to Barranco in Lima for vibrant nightlife, including live music, cocktail bars, and clubs.

  • Andean Folk Music: Experience traditional Peruvian music at a local bar or cultural center in Cusco.

  • Cultural Festivals: Peru hosts many cultural festivals, such as Inti Raymi, the Inca festival of the sun in Cusco.

  • Amazon Tours: Take a boat trip from Iquitos to explore the Peruvian Amazon and discover its diverse wildlife.

  • Surfing: Peru’s coastline is famous for its excellent surfing spots, particularly in Máncora and Punta Hermosa.

  • Hiking: Explore the Salkantay Trek, an alternative to the Inca Trail that offers stunning mountain scenery.

  • Cooking Classes: Take a cooking class in Lima or Cusco to learn how to make traditional Peruvian dishes like ceviche.

  • Hot Springs: Relax in the natural hot springs of Aguas Calientes near Machu Picchu or in Baños Termales in the Sacred Valley.

  • Mountain Biking: The Sacred Valley offers incredible mountain biking opportunities, with trails that pass through ancient ruins and scenic landscapes.

  • La Casa de la Cerveza: A popular bar in Cusco offering a wide selection of local beers.

  • Pisco Bar: A trendy spot in Lima for enjoying Pisco cocktails, especially the classic Pisco Sour.

  • Canta Rana: A well-known dive bar in the Barranco district of Lima with great cocktails and a lively atmosphere.

  • The Dubliners: A lively pub in Lima where you can enjoy both Peruvian and international beers.

  • Sax Hostel Bar: A bar in Cusco with a relaxed atmosphere and a great selection of cocktails and live music.

  • Ayahuasca: A funky bar in Lima with a mix of Peruvian and international cocktails, set in a beautifully restored colonial house.

  • Bistro 21: A sophisticated venue in Lima known for its fine wines and exclusive cocktails.

  • Bar 306: An upscale cocktail bar in Cusco, offering expertly crafted drinks in a cozy setting.

  • Huaringas Bar: A Cusco bar specializing in local spirits and traditional cocktails.

  • El Dragon: A chic, modern nightclub in Lima that is popular for dancing to Latin beats until the early hours.

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