COSTA RICA
Costa Rica doesn’t just cradle biodiversity—it explodes with it. Wedged between two oceans and split by misty mountain ranges, this Central American gem is where jaguars roam rainforest floors, quetzals dart through cloud forests, and volcanoes rumble under foot. From the Pacific’s rugged surf coast to the Caribbean’s turquoise bays, Costa Rica delivers a kaleidoscope of ecosystems in a country barely the size of West Virginia.
Long before eco-tourists and adventure-seekers arrived, Costa Rica’s lands were shaped by Indigenous groups like the Chorotega and Bribri, whose influence remains strong in language, craft, and tradition. Spanish colonization in the 16th century brought coffee plantations and Catholic missions, but Costa Rica diverged from its neighbors—abolishing its army in 1948 and pouring resources into education and health. Today, it’s a democracy with no standing military and a fierce commitment to conservation: over a quarter of its land is protected. You don’t just visit Costa Rica—you immerse yourself in nature’s most elegant rebellion.
Why Visit Costa Rica?
Biodiversity Hotspot: 5% of the world’s species—spot sloths, toucans, and monkeys in Manuel Antonio or Corcovado.
Adventure Capital: Zip-lining (Monteverde), surfing (Santa Teresa), and whitewater rafting (Pacuare River).
Beaches for Every Mood: From party hubs (Tamarindo) to secluded paradises (Playa Carrillo).
Volcanoes & Hot Springs: Hike Arenal or soak in Tabacón’s thermal waters.
Eco-Tourism Pioneer: Stay in carbon-neutral lodges and support conservation.
Pura Vida Lifestyle: A laid-back ethos focused on joy and nature.
Smart Travel: Off-Season Deals & Delights
Key Advantages:
- Lowest Prices: Flights and accommodation rates, especially outside of school holidays, are at their absolute lowest. Deals on tours and car rentals are also common.
- Fewer Crowds: Major attractions, national parks, and popular beaches are significantly less crowded, offering a more intimate and serene experience.
- Lush Landscapes: The “green season” lives up to its name, with vibrant rainforests, flowing waterfalls, and incredibly lush scenery due to regular afternoon rains.
- Wildlife Viewing: Many animals, including monkeys, sloths, and birds, are highly active and easier to spot as they emerge to feed on abundant foliage and insects.
- Authentic Local Vibe: Experience Costa Rica like a local, with more opportunities to interact with residents and enjoy a relaxed atmosphere.
Main Drawbacks:
- Daily Rain Showers: Expect daily afternoon downpours, especially from September to November. While usually predictable and short-lived, they can impact outdoor plans.
- Humidity: The humidity levels are higher during the green season, which some travelers might find uncomfortable.
- Road Conditions: Some unpaved roads, particularly in more remote areas, can become muddy and challenging to navigate after heavy rains, potentially requiring a 4×4 vehicle.
- Limited Sunlight: While not drastically shorter, cloudy days and afternoon rains can mean less consistent sunshine compared to the dry season.
Regions:
- Caribbean Coast (May – August): The Caribbean side (e.g., Tortuguero, Cahuita, Puerto Viejo) often experiences its own “mini-dry season” or less intense rain during these months, making it a great alternative to the Pacific. It’s excellent for wildlife viewing and laid-back beach experiences.
- Northern Plains (La Fortuna, Arenal): The area around Arenal Volcano is stunningly green, and the occasional rain often enhances the dramatic views. Hot springs are even more appealing in cooler, rainier weather. White-water rafting is also at its prime due to higher river levels.
- Monteverde Cloud Forest: The cloud forest is naturally misty, so the green season merely enhances its mystical ambiance. Fewer crowds mean a more tranquil experience on hanging bridges and canopy tours.
- Central Pacific (Manuel Antonio, Jaco): While subject to afternoon rains, the national parks and beaches are far less crowded, allowing for more intimate wildlife encounters and enjoyable beach time during sunny mornings.
- Osa Peninsula (Corcovado National Park): This biodiverse region thrives in the green season. While remote, fewer visitors mean unparalleled wildlife viewing experiences, especially for dedicated nature lovers. (Note: Corcovado National Park typically closes for maintenance in September/October).
Key Advantages:
- Ideal Weather: Transitioning from green to dry, these periods offer a mix of sunny days and occasional, less intense showers, leading to comfortable temperatures for sightseeing and outdoor activities.
- Manageable Crowds: Tourist numbers are lower than in the peak dry season, but attractions are fully open and vibrant. You’ll still find good availability for tours and accommodations.
- Reasonable Prices: Flights and accommodation are more affordable than in the peak dry season, though slightly higher than the deep green season.
- Still Lush: Especially in December and early January, the landscapes retain much of their green vibrancy from the preceding rainy season.
- Excellent for Diverse Activities: Perfect for combining beach relaxation, adventure activities, and wildlife spotting without extreme heat or heavy rain.
Main Drawbacks:
- Higher Demand for Holidays: The Christmas and New Year period (mid-December to early January) is a major exception, with peak prices and crowds.
- Easter/Semana Santa: The week leading up to Easter (Semana Santa, typically in late March or April) is a major local holiday, resulting in crowded beaches and higher prices.
- Transitioning Landscapes: By April, some parts of the Pacific coast might start to look drier and less vibrant than earlier in the year.
Regions:
- Guanacaste (Pacific Coast): Excellent for beach lovers, surfing, and exploring national parks like Rincon de la Vieja. The early dry season offers pleasant temperatures, while April is still great before the heavier rains begin.
- Central Valley (San José, Poás, Irazú): Comfortable temperatures for exploring the capital city, coffee plantations, and volcanoes without the extreme heat or constant rain.
- Southern Pacific (Uvita, Dominical): Perfect for whale watching (December-March for humpbacks), exploring pristine beaches, and enjoying waterfalls. The natural beauty is still incredibly vivid.
- Caribbean Coast: Continues to be a good option, as its weather patterns can sometimes differ from the Pacific.
Mid-December to Mid-January (excluding first week of January): This period, encompassing Christmas and New Year, is Costa Rica’s absolute peak tourist season. Prices for flights, accommodation, and tours are at their highest, often with significant surcharges. Popular attractions, national parks, and beaches will be extremely crowded, and booking well in advance is essential. While the weather is typically sunny and dry on the Pacific side, the value for money is significantly lower.
Mid-January to March: This is the heart of the dry season on the Pacific side. While not as expensive as the Christmas/New Year period, prices remain high, and popular destinations are crowded. The weather is consistently sunny, but landscapes can become drier, especially in Guanacaste. Booking ahead is still highly recommended.
Easter/Semana Santa (usually late March or April): This is a major holiday in Costa Rica, and many locals travel to the beaches. Expect very high prices, extremely crowded coastal areas, and potentially limited availability for accommodation and transportation.
Ready To Experience Your Perfect Gateaway?
Essential Trip Information
Visa and Entry Requirements
Costa Rica allows visa-free entry for tourists from many countries (including the U.S., Canada, EU, UK) for stays up to 90 days.
Check official requirements for your nationality here.
Passports must be valid for at least six months beyond your stay.
Immigration may ask for proof of onward travel (e.g., return ticket) and sufficient funds (US$100–300 per week).
Tourist visa extensions are possible but require a visit to immigration offices.
Currency
Costa Rica uses the Costa Rican Colón (₡), but US$ are widely accepted (bring small bills; change may be in colones).
Exchange rate: ~US$1 = ₡530 (check current rates before travel).
Best Ways to Handle Currency:
Before Your Trip: Exchange a small amount of colones; ATMs offer better rates.
During Your Trip: Use ATMs at BAC San José or Scotiabank (low fees). Credit cards (Visa/Mastercard) work in tourist areas, but carry ₡10,000–30,000 (US$20–50) cash for rural areas.
What to Avoid: Airport exchange kiosks (high fees) and paying in USD for small purchases (poor rates).
Language
Spanish is the official language. English is spoken in tourist areas.
- Helpful phrases:
“Pura vida” (Hello/Thanks/All good).
“¿Cuánto cuesta?” (How much?).
Safety & Security
Generally safe, but watch for petty theft (e.g., unlocked cars, beach bags).
Avoid isolated areas at night (e.g., San José’s El Carmen district).
Emergency number: 911.
Health & Insurance
No mandatory vaccines, but Hepatitis A/Typhoid are recommended.
Malaria risk is low, but dengue occurs (use mosquito repellent).
Tap water is safe in most areas (avoid rural wells).
Travel insurance is essential (medical care is good but pricey).
Transportation
Buses: Cheap but slow; Tracopa and Transportes Jacó are reliable.
Domestic flights: Sansa Airlines (US$50–150) for quick hops.
Driving: Roads are bumpy; 4×4 needed for Nicoya/Osa Peninsula.
Taxis/Uber: Use official red taxis (meters) or Uber (San José only).
Price Level
Costa Rica is moderate to expensive for Central America, especially in tourist hubs.
Accommodation:
Budget: Hostels/guesthouses (US$15–40/night).
Mid-range: Eco-lodges/3-star hotels (US$60–120/night).
Luxury: 4-5 star resorts (US$150–400+/night).
Food:
Quick eats: Sodas (local cafés) (US$5–10/meal).
Casual dining: US$12–25/person.
Fine dining: US$30+/person.
Drinks:
Beer: US2–4(bars),US1–2 (supermarkets).
Cocktails: US$6–12.
Transportation:
Public buses: US$1–10 (long-distance).
Taxis: US$10–30 for short trips (use official red taxis or Uber).
Car rentals: US$40–80/day (4WD recommended for rural areas).
Money-Saving Tips:
Eat at sodas for cheap, authentic meals.
Travel in shoulder seasons (May–June, Sept–Nov) for lower prices.
Use shared shuttles (e.g., Interbus) instead of private transfers.
Explore Costa Rica
Planning Your Trip
Best Time To Visit
Costa Rica’s tropical climate varies by region, but timing your visit can enhance your experience.
- Dry Season (December–April):
Sunny skies and warm temps (75–90°F / 24–32°C)—ideal for beaches and hiking.
Peak crowds (especially Christmas, Easter)—book flights/accommodations early.
Best for wildlife spotting (sea turtles in Tortuguero, whales in Uvita).
- Green Season (May–November):
Lush landscapes, fewer tourists, and lower prices.
Short afternoon rains (temps 70–85°F / 21–29°C)—mornings are still great for activities.
September–October are the rainiest months; some rural roads may flood.
Tip: For a balance of weather and affordability, visit in May or November.
Local Customs And Etiquette
Pura Vida: The national motto—means “life is good.” Use it as a greeting/thank you.
Tipping: 10% is often included; extra 5–10% for great service. Tip tour guides (US$5–10/day).
Dress: Casual (shorts, sandals) but modest near churches/rural areas.
Wildlife: Never feed animals (monkeys, sloths)—it harms their health.
Haggling: Not common—fixed prices in shops/tours.
Budgeting For Your Trip
Accommodation: Hostels (US$15–30), mid−rangehotels (60–150), luxury (US$200+).
Food: Sodas (local eateries, US$5–8), casual restaurants 10–20), fine dining (US$40+).
Activities: Zip-lining (US$50–80), park entrances (10–20), surf lessons (US$40–60).
Transport: Buses (US$5–20/day),rental car 50–100/day + gas).
Daily Budget:
Budget: US$50–80 (hostels, buses, sodas).
Mid-range: US$100–200 (hotels, tours, rental car).
Luxury: US$300+ (eco-lodges, private guides).
Internet & Mobile
Free Wi-Fi: Common in hotels/cafes; slower in rural areas.
SIM Cards: Kolbi (best coverage) or Liberty—US$10 for 5GB at airport kiosks.
eSIMs: Airalo offers Costa Rica packages (US$15 for 3GB).
Travel Insurance
Essential: Covers medical emergencies (hospitals can demand upfront payment).
Adventure Coverage: Verify if your plan includes zip-lining, surfing, or whitewater rafting.
Recommendations: World Nomads or SafetyWing (budget-friendly).
Accomodation Options
From eco-lodges to beachfront hostels, Costa Rica caters to all budgets.
- Eco-Lodges:
Luxury: Nayara Tented Camp (Arenal), Lapa Ríos (Osa Peninsula).
Budget: Selina (chain with coworking spaces, ~US$30–80/night).
- Beach Hotels:
Mid-range: Tamarindo Diria (Pacific), Le Cameleon (Puerto Viejo).
Budget: Rocking J’s (Puerto Viejo, hostel vibes).
- Mountain Retreats:
Monteverde: Chira Glamping or Santa Elena hostels.
Tip: Book 3+ months ahead for December–March stays.
Getting Around
Public transit is cheap but slow; renting a car offers flexibility.
- Buses:
Affordable (US$2–10 per trip) but time-consuming—great for budget travelers.
Reliable companies: Tracopa (San José to the Pacific), Transmonteverde (to cloud forests).
- Car Rentals:
4×4 is essential for rural areas (US$50–100/day). Book early in peak season.
Watch for potholes and “unmarked” speed bumps (tumulos).
- Domestic Flights:
Sansa or Skyway fly to destinations like Quepos (US$80–150 one-way)—saves time.
- Taxis/Rideshares:
Official red taxis (use meters; short rides ~US$5). Uber operates in San José.
- Shuttles:
Shared vans (US$25–60/person) connect tourist hubs (e.g., La Fortuna to Monteverde).
Handy Tips
Costa Rica uses the Costa Rican Colón (₡), but US dollars (US$) are widely accepted in tourist areas. Bills come in ₡1,000, 2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, and 50,000 denominations; coins include ₡5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 500.
Exchanging Currency: Avoid airport exchange kiosks (high fees). Use ATMs (“cajeros automáticos”) or local banks for better rates.
Using Cards: Credit/debit cards (Visa/Mastercard) are accepted in most hotels/restaurants, but carry cash for rural areas, markets, or small vendors.
- Tipping Etiquette: Tipping is appreciated but not always expected (10% service charge is often included).
Restaurants/Bars: 10% extra if service charge isn’t included.
Taxis: Round up or tip 5–10% for long trips.
Tour Guides: US$5–10 per person for group tours.
Hotel Staff: US$1–2 per bag for porters; $1–2 per day for housekeeping.
Spanish is the official language, but English is spoken in tourist areas. Helpful phrases:
“¿Dónde está…?” (Where is…?)
“¿Cuánto cuesta?” (How much does it cost?)
“La cuenta, por favor” (The bill, please).
“Pura vida” (Literally “pure life”—used for hello, goodbye, and everything in between!).
Pro Tip: Costa Ricans (“Ticos”) are friendly but polite—greet people with “buenos días/tardes” before asking questions.
Costa Rica is one of Latin America’s safest countries, but petty theft (e.g., pickpocketing in San José) occurs.
- Emergency Contacts:
911: All emergencies (police, medical, fire).
Tourist Police: Dial 911 or visit offices in tourist areas (English-speaking).
Your Embassy: Keep details handy (most are in San José).
Stay Alert: Avoid flashing valuables on beaches or buses; use hotel safes.
Costa Rica uses 120V/60Hz with Type A/B plugs (two flat pins or three pins with a grounding prong). International visitors will need an adapter; converters are rarely necessary for modern electronics.
Tap water is safe to drink in most areas (including San José and tourist hubs). In remote regions, opt for bottled water or ask locals, “¿El agua es potable?”
Many businesses close on:
1 Jan: New Year’s Day.
Mar/Apr: Holy Week (Semana Santa)—major travel week; book ahead!.
11 Apr: Juan Santamaría Day (hero’s celebration).
1 May: Labor Day.
25 Jul: Annexation of Guanacaste.
2 Aug: Virgin of Los Ángeles (pilgrimages to Cartago).
15 Sep: Independence Day (parades + lantern festivals).
25 Dec: Christmas Day.
Stores: Typically 9:00–19:00 (malls open until 21:00).
Markets: Farmers’ markets (“ferias”) are weekly (e.g., San José’s Feria del Agricultor on Saturdays).
Pharmacies: “Farmacias” like Fischel are common (some 24/7 in cities).
Gallo Pinto: National breakfast of rice and beans sautéed with onions, peppers, and cilantro.
Casado: A lunch staple—rice, beans, salad, plantains, and your choice of meat or fish.
Chifrijo: Pub favorite—fried pork, beans, pico de gallo, and tortilla chips layered in a bowl.
Ceviche Tico: Fresh fish (often tilapia) cured in lime juice with onions, cilantro, and peppers.
Olla de Carne: Hearty beef and vegetable stew traditionally served on Sundays.
Tamales: Holiday favorite—corn dough filled with pork or chicken, wrapped in banana leaves.
Rondón: Caribbean-style seafood stew made with coconut milk, fish, plantains, and spices.
Patacones: Twice-fried green plantains, crispy on the outside and perfect for dipping.
Arroz con Leche: Creamy rice pudding flavored with cinnamon and cloves.
Tres Leches Cake: Moist sponge cake soaked in three kinds of milk—decadent and beloved.
Alcoholic:
Guaro Sour: Costa Rica’s national cocktail made with sugarcane liquor, lime, and sugar.
Imperial Beer: The country’s most iconic lager—light, crisp, and everywhere.
Pilsen: A slightly stronger national beer, also widely available.
Craft Beers: Try Costa Rica’s Craft Brewing Co. for tropical IPAs and pale ales.
Cacique Guaro: Sugarcane-based spirit—strong, clear, and often mixed in cocktails.
Rum Ron Centenario: Premium aged rum with caramel and spice notes—great for sipping.
Non-Alcoholic:
Agua Dulce: Warm drink made by dissolving raw cane sugar in hot water or milk.
Refrescos Naturales: Fresh fruit smoothies made with local mango, papaya, or pineapple.
Café Chorreador: Traditional drip-brewed coffee using a wooden stand and cloth filter.
Chan Drink: Slightly gelatinous local drink made from chan seeds soaked in sweet water.
Guayabo Juice: Tart and tangy juice made from native guava—refreshing and vitamin-packed.
Museo Nacional de Costa Rica: Housed in a former fortress with bullet holes from the 1948 civil war.
Teatro Nacional: Grand neoclassical theatre in downtown San José, opened in 1897.
Guayabo National Monument: Ancient pre-Columbian city ruins near Turrialba.
Bribri Culture: Indigenous experiences near Puerto Viejo—learn about cacao ceremonies.
Ox Carts of Sarchí: Hand-painted and UNESCO-recognized—once used to carry coffee.
Fiestas de Palmares: Country-wide festival with bull riding, parades, and music in January.
Catholic Traditions: Pilgrimage to Cartago’s Basilica de los Ángeles every August.
Tico Expressions: Learn local slang like “pura vida” (pure life) and “mae” (dude).
Coffee Heritage: Visit Doka Estate or Britt Coffee Tour to explore Costa Rica’s coffee legacy.
Limonese Culture: Afro-Caribbean rhythms and cuisine on the eastern coast.
Ziplining in Monteverde: Glide above cloud forests and watch for quetzals.
Surfing in Tamarindo: Excellent waves for beginners and pros alike.
Hot Springs in La Fortuna: Soak with a volcano view at Tabacón Thermal Resort.
Night Hikes: Explore the jungle after dark in places like Drake Bay.
Wildlife Tours: Sloths, toucans, and howlers in Manuel Antonio National Park.
Turtle Nesting in Tortuguero: Watch green sea turtles lay eggs (Jul–Oct).
Horseback Riding: Ride through coffee farms or alongside waterfalls.
Yoga in Nosara: Wellness retreats tucked in tropical forest near the beach.
Sunset Sailing: Pacific catamaran cruises from Papagayo or Tamarindo.
Beach Hopping: Explore remote sands from Santa Teresa to Playa Conchal.
El Steinvorth (San José): Hipster-chic bar in a restored colonial building.
Antik (San José): Popular nightclub with electronic music and rooftop views.
Café de los Deseos: Artsy San José bar with cocktails and poetry nights.
Treetop Lounge (Santa Teresa): Sunset cocktails with ocean views and boho vibes.
Lizard Lounge (Tamarindo): Fun beach-town spot for dancing and live music.
Sano Banano (Montezuma): Classic for dinner and mojitos near the beach.
Selina (Various Locations): Hostel bar chain with good DJs and happy hours.
Koki Beach (Puerto Viejo): Oceanfront cocktails with a Caribbean twist.
Bar La Selegna (La Fortuna): Local spot with karaoke and guaro specials.
Rum Bar (Nosara): Chill Caribbean-style rum shack with reggae nights.